相关试卷

I am you.

My classmates work together and help just like family members.

A   Travelling around Thailand in the 1990s, William Janssen was impressed with the basic rooftop solar heating systems that were on many homes, where energy from the sun was absorbed by a plate and then used to heat water for domestic use. Two decades later, Janssen developed that basic idea he saw in Southeast Asia into a portable device that uses the power from the sun to purify water.

B   The Desolenator operates as a mobile desalination unit that can take water from different places, such as the sea, rivers, boreholes and rain, and purify it for human consumption. It is particularly valuable in regions where natural groundwater reserves have been polluted, or where seawater is the only water source available.

Janssen saw that there was a need for a sustainable way to clean water in both the developing and the developed countries when he moved to the United Arab Emirates and saw large-scale water processing. "I was confronted with the enormous carbon footprint that the Gulf nations have because of all of the desalination that they do," he says.

C   The Desolenator can produce 15 litres of drinking water per day, enough to sustain a family for cooking and drinking. Its main selling point is that unlike standard desalination techniques, it doesn't require a generated power supply: just sunlight. It measures 120 cm by 90 cm, and is easy to transport, thanks to its two wheels. Water enters through a pipe, and flows as a thin film between a sheet of double glazing and the surface of a solar panel, where it is heated by the sun. The warm water flows into a small boiler (heated by a solar-powered battery) where it is converted to steam.

When the steam cools, it becomes distilled water. The device has a very simple filter to trap particles, and this can easily be shaken to remove them. There are two tubes for liquid coming out: one for the waste—salt from seawater, fluoride, etc., and another for the distilled water. The performance of the unit is shown on an LCD screen and transmitted to the company which provides servicing when necessary.

D   A recent analysis found that at least two-thirds of the world's population lives with severe water scarcity for at least a month every year. Janssen says that by 2030 half of the world's population will be living with water stress—where the demand exceeds the supply over a certain period of time. "It is really important that a sustainable solution is brought to the market that is able to help these people," he says. "Many countries don't have the money for desalination plants, which are very expensive to build. They don't have the money to operate them, they are very maintenance intensive, and they don't have the money to buy the diesel to run the desalination plants, so it is a really bad situation."

E   The device is aimed at a wide variety of users—from homeowners in the developing world who do not have a constant supply of water to people living off the grid in rural parts of the US. The first commercial versions of the Desolenator are expected to be in operation in India early next year, after field tests are carried out. The market for the self-sufficient devices in developing countries is twofold—those who cannot afford the money for the device outright and pay through microfinance, and middle-income homes that can lease their own equipment. "People in India don't pay for a fridge outright; they pay for it over six months. They would put the Desolenator on their roof and hook it up to their municipal supply and they would get very reliable drinking water on a daily basis," Janssen says. In the developed world, it is aimed at niche markets where tap water is unavailable—for camping, on boats, or for the military, for instance.

F   Prices will vary according to where it is bought. In the developing world, the price will depend on what deal aid organisations can negotiate. In developed countries, it is likely to come in at $1,000 (£685) a unit, said Janssen. "We are a venture with a social mission. We are aware that the product we have envisioned is mainly finding application in the developing world and humanitarian sector and that this is the way we will proceed. We do realise, though, that to be a viable company there is a bottom line to keep in mind," he says.

G   The company itself is based at Imperial College London, although Janssen, its chief executive, still lives in the UAE. It has raised £340,000 in funding so far. Within two years, he says, the company aims to be selling 1,000 units a month, mainly in the humanitarian field. They are expected to be sold in areas such as Australia, northern Chile, Peru, Texas and California.

i. Getting the finance for production

ii. An unexpected benefit

iii. From initial inspiration to new product

iv. The range of potential customers for the device

v. What makes the device different from alternatives

vi. Cleaning water from a range of sources

vii. Overcoming production difficulties

viii. Profit not the primary goal

ix. A warm welcome for the device

x. The number of people affected by water shortages

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Educator Mike 45: AI provides a personalized learning experience, meeting each student's special1. It's a tool that, if used wisely, can greatly enhance educational outcomes. However, it's important that we don't overly rely on it.

Parent Anna 82: AI makes learning interactive (互动的).2, I'm worried about the safety of our children's data and information. How can we ensure it's protected?

High School Sophie: As a student, I've seen how AI can make subjects like science more engaging with interactive simulations and assessments. It obviously makes learning more fun than3 classes.

Tech Ethicist Raj: We need to4 think about AI's implications (影响), such as data privacy. Making sure that AI's advantages don't come with unacceptable costs is important.

AI Developer Jen: Using AI in education needs careful planning and strong security measures. It should5 teachers, not take their place of them.

Teacher Yuanyuan: AI helps students with various needs by providing tools like voice-to-text. It's more important, however, to deal with risks6 AI biases (歧视) and the influence of reduced human interaction. We need to find the right balance.

Nowadays, we need to do lots of work in groups so often. 

In almost every situation where you're in a group, you will need a skilled leader. All groups need leaders and all successful groups have good leaders. Groups without leaders or with weak leaders almost always break down. Members of a leaderless group often begin to feel disappointed and helpless. 

Time is wasted and the goals are not reached. There are often arguments between people as there is nobody to keep the goals clear. Often group members don't come to meetings in order to avoid more arguments. 

Some people are natural leaders. A well-known writer says, "True leaders are born and you can see they're the people who are strong, fair and humorous. "

A lot of people agree that there are some natural-born leaders, but most people now think that leadership can be taught. Some scientists say experienced teachers can train almost anyone how to be a successful leader. Good leaders don't make people do things in a controlling way. You can learn how to join others, encouraging the whole group to work towards a common goal. 

Successful leaders need to be calm and wise. Whatever happens, the first thing that successful leaders should do is get on well with all the other people in the group. They also need to be able to work out problems well and make perfect judgement under pressure. Good leaders always try hard to make their group the best of all. 

Playing team sports like soccer and basketball is a great way for kids to keep moving and stay fit. These sports not only help their bodies but also give them important lessons for life. 

First, team sports show kids how to work together. When they play on a team, they have to help each other. This teaches them to talk and support each other, which is helpful in all parts of life. 

Next, playing team sports can make kids feel better about themselves and be more sure of their abilities. When kids help their team win, they will feel proud. This good feeling can help them believe in what they can do and make them feel better about who they are. 

Also, team sports help kids learn to manage(管理) their time. Kids who play sports have to fit in school, practice, and games. They know obeying discipline(纪律) is really important by doing teamwork. This teaches them to understand what the most important thing is and use their time well. 

Finally, being on a team is good for making friends and getting closer to people they have already known. For many kids, their teammates are like a second family. 

So, team sports are really important for how kids grow up. They help their bodies, minds, and social life in ways that can make their whole life better. 

During my visit to a school in Canada, what I heard most often were words like this: "Please do it in a group. " In Canada, students act in groups. Their1 spirit really surprised me. 

This was a writing lesson. The teacher asked the students to work in groups. It meant they2 one article together! A group had3 students.  The first student wrote the4 of the story.He had only one minute. He had to pass5 unfinished article to the next student when the teacher said, "Stop!"The second student6 with the story, and then the third, the fourth and finally the fifth one. The last student tried his7 to finish the story with a good ending. Each of them had the same time limit (限制). 

The students soon finished their articles. The lesson actually went like a competition ,8 they were all excited.Learning how to write like this should be fun to students. I think our Chinese kids would not be9 about writing, if they had a lesson like this. 

We all know that cooperation is important, but how to improve this ability? I think we can learn something10 schools in Canada. Maybe it's a good idea to begin with group activities!