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My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order.

There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn't counted on: My brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece's small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside.

My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors.

It was an awkward moment. I didn't want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn't happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue.

A few days passed, and I hadn't heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise – a shock, actually: "Not a chance." Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he'll get over it, I reasoned.

Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother's shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going.

注意：（1）续写词数应为150个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese,  originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.

Go is one of  earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.

"The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art," says Tu. "We hope  (present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism."

"In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your‘ (guide)' till they lose, " explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition.

"The players' personalities  (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent," she adds. "A decent winner always  (try) to beat the opponent  no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side."

Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the  (strategy) placement of the pieces,  the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures,  (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.

One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn't seen daylight since my wedding.

My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 1 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 2 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 3 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 4 with things that, while not particularly 5 , didn't belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).

I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 6 , another asking for a price cut. As our 7 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 8 : "I hate this vase. Maybe you won't." In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.

 9 ，I posted more. My daily posts and the 10 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 11 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 12 . 

I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 13 that share our small space. I take 14 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 15 something that couldn't come with us.

An Unsung Hero

Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning? The College Cafe has just that, and more. 

Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks.  As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, "Hello, how is your day?" Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn't let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.

Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time.  "I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning," Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.

One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week.  "Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood," Wright said.

"I enjoy working in the cafe," Murphy said.  She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.

Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth – they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.

Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes – then filtering it after it cools – could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.

Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn't include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types – polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene – and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.

Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure – a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.

Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are – but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. "The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice," Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. "We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics."

While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.

Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets andTransform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.

Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.

Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.

We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.

In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.

But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: "Why is writing important?" Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change.

As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.

I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance – the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.

The greening of planes, trains and automobiles

Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO₂emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation – which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.

The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.

This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is "a little bit mind-blowing," says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. "We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used," says Wipke.

Kevin was pretty bored. His mother was at work, and his father had been away on business. Therefore, he was left in the care of Mrs. Hill, an old lady who lived next door. His parents had raised the 12-year-old to be a good boy. He never got into trouble, though sometimes he wanted to do risky things. Mrs. Hill was asleep. Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting would happen. Suddenly, a movement outside caught his eye.

Mrs. Hill's front window faced Mr. and Mrs. Green's house across the street. The couple had both gone to work, so it was strange that someone was over there. Kevin stared at the man at their front door. Suddenly, the man jumped through an open window into the house. With his heart in his mouth, Kevin grabbed Mrs. Hill's home phone and called the police.

Thinking that the man might get away with whatever he wanted before the police arrived, Kevin decided to do something. He rushed out of Mrs. Hill's house and crossed the street quickly. Grabbing a branch from a cut-down tree, he jumped in through the window. "Stop right there! You must leave right now!" he called out, holding the branch with both hands.

The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief. "Hey, kid, put that down. It was my home. My parents used to live here and my father's watch was here," he explained, trying to lift a floorboard.

At that moment, the sounds of a police car echoed (回响) in the air. The man stood up in a panic, then ran through the house toward the window and jumped out. Kevin followed out and told the arriving police officers what had happened. They pursued and arrested the man.

Kevin went back to Mrs. Hill's house. Somehow he wasn't sure he had done the right thing. "What if he has told the truth?" he thought to himself. The man's words sounded pretty convincing.

注意：

(1) 续写词数应为150左右；

(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1: When Mr. and Mrs. Green got home, Kevin went to talk to them.

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Paragraph 2: Kevin and Mr. Green took the watch they had found to the police station.

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(1) 陈述看法；

(2) 提出建议。

注意：

(1) 写作词数应为80左右；

(2) 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

My Views on Filming Short Videos on Campus

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The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of new way of dressing, and it's beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular.

"I think it's an amazing idea," says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. "Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead the fact that they have something unique to wear are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill."

Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies.

Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. "I really want to make this work for (people) lives today, and I know that doesn't always mean (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend," she says.

Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively.

Keep your audience in mind.

Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information.

Don't use ten words when one will do.

Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. However, they're hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple.

If you've ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you'll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills.

Consider the best method to deliver your message.

If the information you're communicating isn't urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.        

Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort.

A. Be patient.

B. Get the audience involved.

C. The best messages are often simple.

D. Speak directly to what matters to them.

E. You may be surprised by what your listeners offer.

F. It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.

G. As the speaker, you already know what you're going to say.

According to Charlotte Markey, a professor of psychology, food is one of the rare subjects where, as parents, saying less is more. "There are so many things in parenting that are good to talk through, but I'm not convinced that food is one of them," she says. "It just creates some worries and insecurities in kids that aren't necessarily healthy."

Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the "Division of Responsibility," where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume — even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.

Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural consequences of their decisions. "When your child says, ‘My stomach hurts,' you can say, ‘Well you had a lot of sugary foods and you might feel better if you made some other choices,'" says Markey. "Let them feel like they have some control over it."

I've been trying out these strategies and I've found that when I'm less restrictive, they do make better decisions. "Feeding is a long game," says Markey. "The food you have available makes a huge difference. Even if they don't eat it, they' re seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks."