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1、 阅读理解
From an airplane, cars on the roads look like tiny ants, However, unlike cars, ants avoid traffic jams. Researchers are now studying how ants cooperate to help design self-driving cars that don't get blocked in traffic.
Traffic flow (流量) becomes uncertain when too many cars are on the road. When there are about 15 cars per mile, one driver slowing down or stopping can start a chain reaction (连锁反应) that causes a traffic jam. Katsuhiro Nishinari, a researcher from the University of Tokyo, studies this problem.
Nishinari's earlier work found that ants don't get jammed up even in crowded conditions. So what's their secret? In a recent study, researchers watched ants and used traffic models to study their movement, They discovered that ants travel in small groups of three to twenty, moving at the same speed and keeping safe space between each other, They don't speed up to pass others. This avoid jams in the flow of their movement.
Unlike ants, human drivers at rush hour are hardly willing to follow such rules, and that causes traffic jams, However, self-driving cars could be programmed to cooperate. These cars would share information with nearby cars to optimize traffic flow, much like ants use smell to communicate.
Ants have many advantages, such as being able to walk on walls when blocked. There is something drivers can learn from them: don't drive too closely behind another car. Keeping space between cars can avoid unnecessary slowing down or stopping, which helps traffic flow without creating traffic jams. Simple cooperation, like ants, could help reduce traffic problems.
(1)、Which picture shows the movement of ants according to the study?A、B、
C、
D、
(2)、Why do human drivers often cause traffic jams?A、They drive too fast or too slowly. B、They often follow rules too strictly. C、They are influenced by the environment. D、They don't cooperate to keep safe space.(3)、What does the underlined word "optimize" mean in Paragraph 4?A、Improve. B、 C、Avoid. D、Expect.(4)、How could self-driving cars avoid traffic jam according to the passage?A、By driving at higher speeds than humans. B、By sharing information and cooperating. C、By using smell to communicate like ants. D、By following the traffic rules like humans.(5)、What is the main idea of the passage?A、Why ants don't get blocked in traffic jams. B、Why human drivers cause traffic problems. C、How self-driving cars solve traffic problems. D、How ants may save you from future traffic jams. -
2、 阅读下列短文,从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
The Beijing Central Axis(中轴线) shows a group of buildings and archaeological (考古的) sites that follow the traditional Chinese way of planning a capital city. It has been added to the UNESCO ( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage List, becoming China's 59th World Heritage Site.
Stretching 7. 8 kilometers north to south through the heart of Beijing, the property includes 15 parts, with the Bell and Drum Towers at the northern end and Yongdingmen Gate at the southern end. The complex includes imperial palaces and gardens, sacrificial(祭祀的) buildings, ancient city management facilities(设施), national ceremonial (仪式的) and public buildings, and central axis road remains.
According to Lyu Zhou from Tsinghua University, there is a description of this way of planning cities in the Kaogongji《考工记》( Book of Diverse Crafts), written before 221BC.
The book mentions " court in the front, market in the back, " which matches the Forbidden City and the markets at the Bell and Drum Towers area. It also includes " an ancestral temple on the left, an altar of land and grain on the right, " referring to the Imperial Ancestral Temple and the Alt ar of Land and Grain, located on the east and west sides of the Central Axis.
Construction of the Beijing Central Axis began in the 13th century and took shape in the 16th century. It has been refined over the past seven centuries and continues to influence Beijing's development today.
" The Beijing Central Axis is a symbol of traditional Chinese ideas and beliefs, showing national order and the Chinese tradition of inclusion and diversity, " Lyu added.
(1)、What do we know about the Beijing Central Axis?A、It is the oldest building in the capital city. B、It is built with the traditional Chinese way of planning. C、It is World's 59th World Heritage Site. D、It is the only capital city added to the UNESCO World Heritage List.(2)、What can we infer from the second paragraph?A、The road through the heart of Beijing is 7. 8 kilometers long. B、There is little room among the 15 parts. C、People can buy everything there. D、It is an important historical and cultural site.(3)、How many years did it take to build the Beijing Central Axi?A、About 100 years. B、About 200 years. C、About 300 years. D、More than 400 years.(4)、Which of the following shows the layout of the Beijing Central Axis according to Kaogongji?A、B、
C、
D、
(5)、What does the passage mainly talk about?A、The history of the Forbidden City. B、The significance of the Bell and Drum Towers. C、The construction and cultural importance of the Beijing Central Axis. D、The role of Tsinghua University in preserving heritage sites. -
3、— What did Betty say to you a moment ago, Anna?
— She wanted to know ____.
A、which is the way to the cinema B、what was wrong with the headteacher C、if I can hang out with her D、how many times didI go to the park last week -
4、 —The drama series Qing Yu Nian II hits screens these days.
—Oh, what a pity! I ____any of them yet.
A、won't watch B、didn't watch C、doesn't watch D、haven't watched -
5、 I went to Dali last week. It's one of ____I have ever seen.A、the beautiful places B、the beautiful place C、the most beautiful places D、the most beautiful place
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6、 Miss White teaches English ____ well ____ everybody likes her lessons.A、very; that B、so; that C、so; to D、even; that
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7、 — How did the accident happen?
— The girl ____ on WeChat while she was walking across the street.
A、talks B、will talk C、is talking D、was talking -
8、 —Let's go to eat Baogong fish. It is a traditional dish in Hefei, Anhui Province.
—____.
A、I'm glad to hear that B、That's a good idea C、Good luck D、Good job -
9、 —Look! The bus is coming.
—But it's full of people. We can't ____ it.
A、climb up B、get on C、get off -
10、 —____ is the red shirt?
—It's 50 yuan.
A、How much B、How many C、How old -
11、书面表达
看完上文,你认为人们购买阿勒泰的空气的真正原因是什么?近年来,全球的环境污染状况令人担忧,请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英文写一份倡议书,呼吁大家保护环境,减少污染。
作文要求:
1.不能照抄原文;不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。
2.语句连贯,词数 80 个左右。作文的开头已经给出,不计入总词数。
Nowadays, the pollution on Earth is becoming worse and worse.
……
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12、回答问题
"Altay's air is so fresh. How I wish to take it home!" every visitor who had been to Altay (阿勒泰) said. Now the wish can come true.
The Altay Ski Theme Post Office has become the first post office in China to offer canned (罐装的) air for sale. Cans of Altay's air are designed like postcards. Customers can write messages and addresses on the packaging (外包装). Since the sale began, over 200 cans have been sold. It showed the surprising need for the special gift.
"We wanted to make Altay's air into a special gift, so that more tourists can take home a piece of our pleasant air," said Pan Ting, head of the Altay Ski Theme Post Office.
The air in the cans is collected from the southern part of the Altay Mountains, a place near a forest. The air is collected on sunny days after rain, making sure it is fresh. It is believed to have health benefits.
The sale is aimed at developing Altay's skiing tourism. In Altay, there is a 12, 000-year-old cave painting. It shows people used animal skins to ski in the Stone Age.
Canned air as a product is not new. In Inner Mongolia, people in the city of Hulunbuir (呼伦贝尔) have a similar product. They sell the clean air of the grasslands.
(1)、What can customers write on the packaging of cans of Altay's air?(2)、How many cans of Altay's air have been sold since the sale began?(3)、When is the air in the cans collected?(4)、How old is the cave painting in Altay?(5)、Which is the first product of canned air, Altay's air or Hulunbuir's air? -
13、 配对阅读。Ⅰ栏是对五位新到中国的外国朋友的困惑的描述,Ⅱ栏是七条建议。请从Ⅱ栏中为Ⅰ栏中的人物选出最适合他们的建议,并将最佳答案的字母编号填写在题前括号内,其中有两项是多余的。
I
Ⅱ
Peter comes from Brazil. These days he has a plan to get to Beijing from Wuhan. However, he doesn't know how to travel there.
Maria is a British woman. She is interested in travelling. These days, she is thinking about visiting some cities in China.
Jacky calls himself "an excellent eater". He heard about the delicious food in China when he was in Greece, so he wants advice about it.
Sally comes from Pakistan and now lives and works in China. Now she needs a proper vehicle (交通工具) to work and sometimes travel far.
Henry is from Iran and has made new friends in China. He was recently invited to a dinner party and is worried about how to behave at the table.
A. You're supposed to try Beijing duck, mapo tofuor gongbao chicken. In fact, there are so many kinds of delicious food in China that you will be excited to taste some Chinese food.
B. You're supposed to ride a bike. It's a green way to travel. And it helps to save money. What's more, it's convenient for you to find a bike in many parts of a city.
C. You're supposed to consider BYD or Geely. They are both famous car makers in China. Their products work well and are at good prices. What's more, they are both safe.
D. You're supposed to go to many different parts of China. Beijing, Xi'an, Shanghai and Wuhan are good choices. If you enjoy the beach, Qingdao or Sanya would be perfect for you
E. You're supposed to shake hands with all your new friends. It's a popular way to greet in China. When saying goodbye to others, don't forget to wave (挥手) to them.
F. You're supposed to take a small gift such as flowers or candy. When eating, follow what other guests do. And you should pay attention to how to use chopsticks.
G. You're supposed to take the high-speed train. It's a comfortable, convenient and quick way to travel. In China, there are high-speed trains between many cities.
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14、 阅读理解
Johnnie Martin was born in a worker's family. His parents had dreamed that their son could do better at school and get a good job. However, to Johnnie, school lessons were so difficult that he could not go through them. Finally one day, Johnnie asked Mrs. Li for help.
"Johnnie, I've studied your grades of all the tests," said Mrs. Li. "I really tried hard," Johnnie was about to cry.
Mrs. Li put her hand on the boy's shoulder and said, "People have different kinds of talents and abilities, Johnnie. Just find out yours! There are painters who are poor at maths, and engineers who can not sing in tune. Someday, you will find what you're good at, and when you find it, you'll make all of us very proud of you."
Johnnie didn't go to university. He found a job working in the gardens around the town. Soon, something surprising happened. People began to notice that Johnnie had a "green thumb". The plants he looked after grew, and the roses blossomed (开花). Later, Johnnie saw an unused dirty land by accident and he decided to make it into a garden. After his hard work, it turned into a beautiful little park. People all said Johnnie had an eye for colour and light.
Today, Johnnie is the head of the business in gardening. Whenever he and his men go, they bring beauty of plants to people.
(1)、We can know from the first paragraph that ____.A、Johnnie was good at school lessons B、Johnnie's parents hoped that he could do better at school and find a good job C、Johnnie couldn't find anyone to help him D、Mrs. Li studied Johnnie's grades of all the tests(2)、When Mrs. Li talked with Johnnie, he may feel ____.A、excited B、proud C、sad D、tired(3)、Mrs. Li talked about the painters and engineers in Paragraph 3 to ____.A、give examples to support her idea B、introduce someone she knew C、tell Johnnie the best jobs in the world D、encourage Johnnie to be a painter or an engineer(4)、People said Johnnie had a "green thumb" because ____.A、his thumb was different to others' B、he did badly in gardening C、he was good at gardening D、he was interested in gardening(5)、The passage wants to tell us that " ____ ".A、Each person has his talent and ability B、Seeing is believing C、Beauty is everywhere D、No pains, no gains -
15、 阅读理解
Green Rice Ball, known as "aiban" (艾粄) in southern China, is a traditional Chinese sweet snack. It's mainly eaten on the Qingming Festival. It's popular food in Hakka area, so as local people, let's learn to make "aiban".
Materials we need:
wormwood leaves (艾叶) glutinous rice flour (糯米粉), sugar, water, red beans filling.
Making procedure
Wormwood is a herb that is good for our health. It can help us stay strong and out of sickness. And the glutinous rice flour gives us energy, which is important for growing teenagers like us. Why not go and make "aiban" now?
(1)、Why does the writer advise us to learn to make "aiban"?A、Because it's mainly eaten on every festival. B、Because it's easy to make. C、Because it's popular in Hakka area. D、Because it's the traditional food in northern China.(2)、How many things should you prepare according to the text?A、Seven. B、Two. C、Five. D、Four.(3)、We need to boil the wormwood leaves for about ____.A、10 minutes B、15 minutes C、25 minutes D、10 seconds(4)、Which of the following is the correct steps of making the snack?①Beat them and then mix with the glutinous rice flour, water and sugar.
②Wash the wormwood leaves and boil them.
③Divide the dough into small balls and wrap it up with the red bean filling.
④Steam the aiban in a steamer.
A、 B、→①→③→④B.②→①→④→③ C、①→②→③→④ D、①→③→④→②(5)、What kind of text is the passage?A、A cooking guide. B、A science report. C、A product introduction. D、A restaurant menu. -
16、 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后在每小题所给出的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Once there was an old wise man in a village. One day, he asked the villagers to send three young men who were the 1 to his house. He would choose one from them to take his place.
Soon, three young men arrived. "We shall eat and talk so I can 2 each of you," the wise man said. The young men thought this was the 3 for them. During the meal they did their best to make clever remarks.
After dinner, the wise man invited them to stay for the night and said, "Meet me for breakfast. I'll tell you the 4 then."
The next morning, only two men 5 the wise man for breakfast. When the third man finally showed up, he looked tired and 6 . "I'm sorry to be late," he said. "A bird's 7 song woke me up last night. I got up and searched everywhere for her. Finally, I found she was caught in a bush (灌木丛). I set her free just now."
The wise man smiled, "You've passed my test, so you'll be the next wise man." He further explained, "All of you are clever, but a wise man must also be able to listen 8 when people explain their problems. Only then can he 9 the best help and advice. A man who wakes in the dead of night to hear a bird's call for help is a good 10 ."
(1)A 、 kindest B 、 luckiest C 、 strongest D 、 cleverest(2)A 、 talk about B 、 take care of C 、 learn about D 、 pay attention to(3)A 、 test B 、 advice C 、 work D 、 prize(4)A 、 truth B 、 result C 、 story D 、 answer(5)A 、 paid B 、 thanked C 、 joined D 、 prepared(6)A 、 angry B 、 silly C 、 nervous D 、 sleepy(7)A 、 sad B 、 happy C 、 moving D 、 lively(8)A 、 carefully B 、 safely C 、 differently D 、 loudly(9)A 、 find B 、 think C 、 offer D 、 receive(10)A 、 friend B 、 listener C 、 master D 、 partner -
17、 听一段对话,回答下列小题(1)、What does the woman want to do in the town?A、To watch B、To visit the museum. C、To eat local food.(2)、How will the woman go to the town centre?A、By taxi. B、By bus. C、By underground.
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18、 What did the boy do last weekend?A、Go shopping. B、Have a picnic. C、Go camping.
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19、 听一篇短文, 回答下列小题。请根据短文内容,选择正确答案,完成信息记录表。
Be kind to wild animals
Some people think
◆ that all wild animals are dangerous.
In fact
◆1 of wild animals hurt a man if he leaves them alone.
Wild animals only hurt people
◆ when they are2 to catch their usual food.
◆ when their babies are 3 .
◆ when people hunt them or make them angry.
(1)A 、 most B 、 very few C 、 quite a few(2)A 、 too old B 、 too lazy C 、 too tired(3)A 、 angry B 、 afraid C 、 in danger -
20、 听短文,回答小题。(1)、Where did the writer go?A、To England. B、To America. C、To Australia.(2)、Why did the writer go to the language school?A、Because he wanted to ask some questions. B、Because he wanted to learn some English. C、Because he wanted to see American friends.(3)、How many days a week did the writer go to the language school?A、Six days. B、Five days. C、Seven days.(4)、What did the writer do one day during the break?A、He asked Alice for a piece of cake. B、He thanked Alice for a piece of cake. C、He asked Alice a question.(5)、Why did Alice look at the writer with a smile?A、Because he was very funny. B、Because he did not understand her. C、Because he was very friendly.