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November 21 is World Hello Day. At school, we learned that "How do you do？" and "How are you？" are standard ways to say hello when1 others. But do you know how to respond（回答） to them? Do native speakers still use them today?

As we learned, "How do you do？" is for greeting someone we meet for the 2 time. And we can respond with the same "3 ". "How are you？" is often used to greet someone we are4 with. It is usually followed by "I'm fine, and you？" or "I'm well, and you？" But English is a casual（随意的） language. The formal "How do you do？" is seldom used by native speakers. It is 5 old-fashioned. Yet they greet each other in many other6 . 

You may hear a 7 between British people： "You all right？" "Yeah, you？" "I'm good. Any plans for the weekend？" or "How's it going？" "Yeah, fine, and you？" These ways of greeting are8 with young people to say hello to friends. Americans like saying "What's up？" or "What's good？" to friends. Don't be confused. It doesn't mean "What's wrong？". It is just one way of saying9 . And people usually respond with "Not much. "

10 "Nothing. " "Hey, man. " is also popular. But it is only used among males. What do females say? You guess it. They often say "Hey, 11 . " If you come across an Australian, you may hear "G'day, mate. " It means "12 . " You can 13 with the same "G'day. "

However, there is no 14 to say hello to each other. If you can't remember all of the above, just choose "How are you？" This is the 15 common and standard way for people of all ages. You can reply with "Pretty good. " or "Same as usual. "

Passage A

In Western countries, it is quite common to greet close friends or relatives with a hug. 

You might hug your teammates after winning a basketball game. If one of your friends is having a bad day, you can hug them to cheer them up. Friends who haven't seen each other for a long time will usually hug each other when meeting. 

Of course, people in different countries have different opinions when it comes to hugging. After coming to China, I' ve noticed that people are generally more reluctant to hug than they are in my home country, the US. My Chinese friends told me that hugging is considered to be very intimate in their culture. It usually only happens between people who are really close to each other, like couples. Chinese people don't usually hug in public, either. 

But people's attitudes towards hugging can also change. I remember watching a video story about a"hugging party". A local artist held the party, inviting strangers and asking them to hug each other. 

The Chinese participants clearly looked uncomfortable. However, after the party, several of them changed their minds. They decided that hugging doesn't have to be awkward and can actually be quite nice. So next time you see your mom or dad, give them a hug— see how it makes you feel. 

We all know that the British people love their manners（礼仪）. They are part of their national identity（特性）， as well as having fish and chips and complaining about the weather. Recently， I read online that they say "sorry" up to eight times a day．

After some research I have not been able to find any specific reasons why they are like this. I suppose, for centuries, manners, including how they behave at table and talk to other people have been one of the differences between the lower and upper classes and those manners show their social classes. Britain has traditionally been quite a conservative（保守的） country. There are many articles suggesting that their seemingly polite attitude of always saying "please" and "thank you" is quite false because it is impossible for a person to always feel that he or she wants to thank someone or say "please"．

Maybe it is for this reason that people are going one of two ways： they are too polite and hold back their feelings or they are not polite at all and express their true feelings directly. Some British people are tired of pretending that they are always happy and having to please others. But sometimes because they feel they have to be polite, they are prevented from saying what they truly think．

注意：

（1）短文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名。

（2）词数80个左右（开头已给出，不计入总词数）。

Well done, Zhang Jun! I looked at your answers carefully. ________________________________________________________________________________________

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A: Hi, Lisa.

B: Hi, Mary.

A: I'm going to the bookstores to buy some books. I want to buy some books about space science. I am interested in it.

B:

A: My favorite astronaut is Yang Liwei.

B: Why?

A:

B: I agree with you. He is a hero in space history.

A: By the way, would you like to go to the bookstore with me?

B: Certainly.

A: Great! Look! The bus is coming. Let's go there by bus.

B: OK.

Asking the way is the first thing we do when we arrive in a foreign country, or even when we are just trying to find a place. The way we ask for directions may make a difference to the answers we get. Here are some suggestions for you.

Use greetings and polite expressions.

Starting the conversation with a greeting is a must. If you want to get a nice answer, begin by saying "sorry" or "pardon me" first, like "Pardon me, could you please help me?" and finish with "Thank you" or "Have a nice day".

Expand (扩展) your vocabulary.

You should know more words that you can use when getting directions. It may be useful to remember names of the places you visited. You also need to remember different kinds of transportation (交通运输) like the underground or the taxi when explaining your need.

Know how to ask a question correctly.

Use proper words and try not to leave any information out. It is good to ask specific (具体的) questions. In this way, you may get more chances of getting a specific answer. And you can ask like "Excuse me! May I ask you how to get to the Eaton Centre?" This sounds more polite than "Hi! How can I get to the Eaton Centre?"

Don't be afraid of using landmarks (地标).

Every city in the world has its own landmarks. You can save some time if you know what the important landmarks are in the city. For example, in Beijing, one of the main landmarks is Wangfujing. You can say "My friend told me it is near and beside Wangfujing, but I can't find it."

There is no need to rush quickly to the place you will go, or you may get lost. And don't laugh at yourself if you truly get lost. We may all get lost now and then, especially when visiting a new city!

Look at this robot in the picture. What do you think it is for?

Scientists in China have developed the special robot to help visually impaired people (视障人士). It has six legs and can act as a "guide dog" for people who can't see.

In China, there are over 17 million visually impaired people, but there are only about 400 real guide dogs to help them. It is very hard and expensive to train guide dogs, so most visually impaired people don't have one.

The new robot can help solve the problem. It can do many things. For example, it can know what the person is saying and act quickly; it can avoid obstacles (障碍物) and find the right way to go. What's more, the robot can be used as a helper in the home and call for help if needed.

To make the robot work well, the scientists gave it many senses (感觉). It can see, hear, speak and feel. In this way, the robot can know what the person wants to do and work together with him. The robot's six legs also make it more stable (稳定的) than other robot with just four legs.

Li Fei, a visually impaired woman, tried out the robot during a test. She said that when guided her, she could walk straighter than she did on her own. The developers have already got orders for 20 of the robots. Soon they could help many visually impaired people in China.

However, lots of people in the world like listening to folk songs. A folk song is a song that is from the working people. Every country has folk songs. Usually, they are quiet and simple songs. People often sing them with just a guitar or a few other instruments. Some folk songs are so old that no one knows who wrote them or when they were written. Other folk songs are by songwriters who are interested in people's lives and experiences. Nowadays, Chinese folk songs are making a growing number of new fans among foreigners.

When Robert Brown, a music teacher in Peking University, was interviewed, he said, "I enjoy listening to songs very much. I look for songs that I like best whenever I turn on the radio or TV. So far, I have enjoyed many songs, but my favorite kind of song is the Chinese folk song. I prefer Chinese folk songs for the following reasons. First, Chinese folk songs have a long history. People sing folk songs everywhere, from north to south and east to west. Second, Chinese folk songs are close to people and nature. In fact, Chinese folk songs are created by Chinese working people themselves. Finally, Chinese folk songs sound beautiful and they are full of breath of life."

Dalkom Wang Ga tanghulu, the largest tanghulu company (公司) in Republic of Korea, opened more stores in 2023. The number of its stores grew from around 50 in February to over 300 in August. And in Republic of Korea, more than 90% of the trademarks (商标) related to tanghulu were registered (注册) in 2023.

The sweet treat started in China during the Song Dynasty. Emperor Guangzong's favorite concubine (妃子) fell ill. A doctor suggested she eat hawthorn berries fried in brown sugar (冰糖熬山楂) every day for about half a month. When the concubine got better quickly, the sweet treat became famous across the country. Tanghulu later became a popular street food in China.

Chinese people who moved to Republic of Korea made tanghulu popular there. In the 2010s, it was usually sold at street stands in some popular tourist places. Over time, it becomes widely popular among Koreans.

The reason why tanghulu has become popular is that many young Korean people enjoy making and eating it. They also like to share pictures of tanghulu and show how to make tanghulu online.

Tanghulu is very popular in Republic of Korea because it looks pretty, and Korean people love beautiful food. The sweet treat is shiny (发光的) and looks like small colorful glass-like balls, so many people like to post them online.

Alice: I've watched too many videos online. I'm sick of them now.

Mike: Really? I never get tired of funny videos like these.

Alice: Mike, you always have your phone in hand. Are you addicted (上瘾的) to it?

Mike: Well, I guess I am. I have been on it a lot recently. And I'm always active on social media (社交媒体).

Alice: There's no need to feel bad. Social media is designed to keep people addicted.

Mike: You're right. I always want to know what's going on with my friends and relatives. As a result, I just can't put my phone down.

Alice: I used to be like that, but later I found other interests to kill time. Now I try to use my phone as little as possible.

Mike: You exercise a lot, don't you? And you do look pretty fit!

Alice: Well, I often play basketball with my friends after work.

Mike: That's amazing! I need to become more like you.

Alice: Why don't you join us? It'll get you off your smartphone for a few hours.

Mike: I'd love to!

Do you know wuqinxi? It is set of ancient exercises to help people stay healthy. It (create) by Hua Tuo, who lived in the Eastern Han Dynasty. As one of the (famous) doctors in Chinese history, Hua Tuo is also believed to be the (one) person in the world to develop the use of the anesthetic (麻醉剂).

It is said that Hua Tuo created wuqinxi after watching how different animals in nature (move). He copied the movements of five animals (help) exercise different parts of the body. Wuginxi showed Hua Tuo's deep understanding of humans the natural world.

Hua Tuo's idea was not only to treat different illnesses but to improve physical health. Because of this, wuqinxi is considered to be an important part of (tradition) Chinese medicine.

Wuginzi (achieve) popularity over the centuries. It is (wide) practiced in China, and people of all (age) can take it up. Many believe that performing it can also bring a (peace) mind.

In 1982, wuqinxi became one of the traditional exercises for the students of Chinese medical colleges and universities. In 2006, it was listed intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) in Hua Tuo's hometown of Bozhou, in eastern (China) Anhui Province.