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What makes us human? Is it our thoughts?Our emotions? Our behavior?

All of these things make us who we are, but at the center of it all lies the genome(基因组)—— the genes inside our bodies that determine everything from our hair color to our intelligence. But if we could change our genome, would we still be human?

Recently, a group of scientists from the United States and South Korea worked together to successfully"edit" a human embryo(胚胎) and remove a genetic mutation(变异) that would have led to heart disease, reported The Guardian.

This was achieved with the help of CRISPR--a gene-editing tool that allows scientists to edit the genome by cutting, changing or adding to parts of it.

Scientists involved in DNA editing are certain about the good of their work, and hope that in the future, diseases or birth defects could simply be"edited out".

However, others aren't so sure. People are worried that the science could be used not only to remove life-threatening illness, but also to make a"perfect" baby whose DNA had been chosen to improve their intelligence or other qualities.It might make having a baby similar to choosing a new house or car. Critics(评论家) say that this is a shallow way of thinking about raising children.

"It makes you think about who we are as people, and it makes you ask if humans should be using the kind of power...that is changing human evolution(进化)," Jennifer Doudna of the University of California, Berkeley told MIT TechnologyReview.

Still, others worry that DNA editing could be turned into an expensive service that would only be available to the people who could afford it. That might mean the rich would be given another advantage in a world where they already have plenty of them.

"You could find wealthy parents buying the latest‘upgrades' for their children, leading to even greater inequality than we already live with," Marcy Darnovsky,director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics, told BBCNews.

Sometimes having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink, wear strange hairdos and even fight. Basically, they are often taking risks.

Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really.So what explains their risky behavior?

According to Laurence Steinberg, a professor at Temple University, the US, the reason is that teens care a lot about how their peers(同龄人) view them—— that's the effect of"peer influence", reported Science Daily. As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates and also become more sensitive to their feedback. This sensitivity drives teenagers to concentrate on the short- term benefits of making risky choices and overlook the costs.

In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they tended to drive more safely.

Why does pressure from peers have such a big influence on teens' behavior? As Steinberg sees it, a teenager's brain is like a car with a good accelerator(油门) but a weak brake. The"accelerator", the brain's ability to notice the benefits of things, is fully developed by teenage years while the"brake", the brain part related to controlling impulses(冲动) and long- term thinking, is still immature. When teens are under the pressure of being judged by their peers,they tend to push hard on the accelerator. Given how weak the brake is, it is likely that they are going to end up in a crash.

But the good news here, according to Steinberg, is that a violent teenager doesn't necessarily become a violent adult.About two- thirds to three- quarters of violent youth grow out of it."They get more self- controlled," Steinberg told Live Science.

Also, people who haven't committed a violent crime by age 19 are less likely to start doing it later, added Steinberg.

A long time ago, people just thought about ArtificialIntelligence(人工智能). But now, it's really here, and it is growing very fast.

It can do a lot of things to help us in different ways.Many industries use AI to improve their work efficiency(效率). New energy cars use AI to help people drive more comfortably. In the medical system, AI is also used to help with disease diagnosis(诊断) and medical image analysis(分析).

AI is also influencing education.  Some schools are starting to use AI to help with building a student ability analysis system. Some students and even parents use AIapps like zuoyebang to help solve problems in the homework so that they can get the correct answers at once.

But people hold different views on whether or not students should do this. On one hand, using AI to check homework has certain advantages. It can help us quickly find problem-solving ideas and answers, save time, and improve learning efficiency. Moreover, the rich resources that AI can sort out on the Internet can also broaden our knowledge. However, some students just depend on using this kind of technology to finish homework instead of thinking for themselves.  This may gradually make them lose the ability to think independently and develop the habit of not using their brains.

So, don't let AI kill your thinking or creativity. We should learn to use it in a wise way. Making good use of AIcorrectly can promote the development of human beings so as to help us better face the challenges in the future.

Jenny Tough is a runner, cyclist, and adventurer. She has spent much of her life climbing mountains in the world's most places, often completely alone. In her recent book, she tells her experiences and the lessons she's learned along the way.

"I know many people may think climbing mountains in the world's most places alone is very dangerous. But I see adventures(冒险经历) as a creative pursuit(追求) and at the same time it allows me to enjoy my life in a different way. They don't need to make sense to anyone else. In this case, I started with a goal to run across Kyrgyzstan. No one had ever done it before, and everyone told me it couldn't be done. But I went, and I did it. And on that trip, I became the best of myself but finishing a big project like that left a hole, and I felt pretty upset afterward. So I decided to just keep going," she said.

She also said that during the journey, so many things happened—— some are scary, and some are beautiful.  We always have to set a record or we' ve always got to be the best. A thousand people could run across these mountains and come back with a thousand different stories.

"So many of us grow up in environments where we' re always looked after. Each trip I took was a revelation(启示)of my abilities. I' ve gotten myself into some bad situations and I' ve had to think creatively to get myself out. If I had never put myself through that, I might never have become a true one who really backs herself when things get bad," she also said.

It can be really awkward(尴尬的) if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don't feel bad about it！ Talking to yourself actually has a lot of benefits.

You probably know that thinking is good for the brain.

It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Speaking out loud is like showing this quiet inner speech. It can help us do better in different areas like school, sports and work.

When encouragement comes from oneself, it adds to self- confidence. A 2009 study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers put the players into two groups—— one group that said nothing while playing, and the other that talked to themselves while playing. They found that the self- talkers showed more confidence and played better than those in the silent group. Talking to yourself,especially in the third person, can also help us manage bad feelings." Referring to(指代) yourself in the third person leads people to think about themselves more similar to how they think about others," said Jason Moser, a professor from Michigan State University, US. This can help us see things from a different point of view, especially when we' re feeling sad or angry.

Self- talk also helps improve memory.  Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things—— reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. Those who read out loud recalled (回忆)  the information the best,researchers said in their study published in the journal Memory. It's because the information is likely to become a long- term memory if said out loud.

In recent years, many schools in China have had a high-tech makeover(改革). They have turned from using"old-school" tools to AI and big data to add value to student learning and life at school.

At a school in Tianjin, a Chinese tech company's smart system makes learning a fun experience. In aerospace(航空航天) classes, students use VR glasses to learn about what's inside a rocket and how it is launched(发射) in a computer game. Also, in swimming classes, by wearing smart earphones, children can get real-time instructions from the coach under the water. This makes training safer.

For PE classes, Yuwen School in Wuhu, Anhui, has used self-testing tools with AI visual analysis(视觉分析)technology for activities such as standing long jump, sit-ups and shot put(推铅球). With facial recognition(面部识别)technology, students can get voice reports and results on how they did right after each exercise."In the past, when Ithrew the shot put, the teacher had to use a ruler to measure how far it went. Now, the results just show up on their own.You can also see which parts of your exercise need improvement," Wu Shengguo from the school told a reporter.

Apart from learning, students can also enjoy meals made by smart canteens(食堂). They make food ordering easier. In June, Yingkou No.1 Middle School in Liaoning introduced a smart canteen with an"online meal selection(选择)  and facial recognition meal pickup" system.Besides, they help make dining more enjoyable. To meet the different needs of students, the canteen offers over 400dishes, with six to seven choices for each meal. Parents and students can choose meals in advance from the online platform(平台). And they use facial recognition technology to pick up their meal. What's more, they also help cut down on food waste.

These days, becoming a volunteer is getting more and more popular with people all over the world. In Japan, for example, students can get academic credits(学分) from volunteer work.

Many people just think they can only serve the old people and read to children. In fact, there are many ways of volunteering, such as volunteering at theaters and museums to serve people, helping the kids in villages with their studies, offering help in healthcare organizations and caring for sick people in a hospital.

Doing volunteer work in foreign countries is also a good way. Many college students now are busy with their studies and have little time to learn about the world. Being a volunteer can help them a lot. They can meet different people, enjoy different cultures, and learn about something that they can't learn from books.

Zheng Wei, from Sichuan Foreign Studies University,went to Nigeria as an English teacher. "People there were poor. The living environment was really worse. But my experiences there taught me how to solve problems. I hardly ask others for help when I meet with difficulties now," saidZheng.

Lin Tao, a student from Sichuan University, found what he saw and did in Africa was helpful for his future job. He did volunteer work as a propagandist(宣传人员) for AIDS/HIV in Ethiopia. He made new friends from Russia andPakistan. One of them helped Lin get a full-time job.

The volunteer work can truly bring a lot to people and even make a difference to them.

In our daily life, we always think teeth are so strong that we hardly care about oral health(口腔健康). However, it's really important to us. These days, a dentist in Beijing shares with us some tips on oral health.

It's more than just about having a healthy mouth. Our mouth is the first place where food goes, and it stops bacteria getting into our stomach. Keeping our mouth clean and healthy helps our stomach work well. And our mouth makes a difference to our confidence, too. Problems like teeth can make us not want to talk to others.

Tooth decay is one common oral problem faced by teenagers. If your teeth have dark spots or hurt when eating foods that are very hot or cold, that means you have it.Tooth decay can do harm to the life of the tooth. Then there's periodontitis(牙周炎). Your gums(牙龈) are always sore and it often happens when you don't take good care of your mouth and teeth. It could cause loosening(松动) of the teeth.

In order to have healthy teeth, you need to have some good habits. It's best to brush your teeth for three to five minutes at a time. But it's best not to brush your teeth for more than five minutes because it can hurt your gums. Brush your teeth two to three times a day. The most important time is in the evening when you brush your teeth before bed.You'd better wash your mouth out with water after every meal, to wash away bacteria from the food. For dental floss(牙线), if you have straight teeth with few gaps, then floss once a week. If not, use dental floss daily.

Some people like their names, but others are not happy with them. Children are named by their parents. Many times, these names have an important meaning for their parents. Some parents name their children after a member of their family. For example,children may be named after a grandmother or an uncle.Parents may also give children names that have certain goals(目的). They want their children have a bright future. For example, some children are named after successful people.Sometimes, there are parents who have named their children something unusual. For example, there have been children named Apple or Peace. Since children do not get to pick their names, they may feel bad. They may want to change their names. As children grow up, they may find a new name that seems to fit them better than the one their parents gave them. Should these children be allowed to change their names?

Some people say children should be able to change their names, especially if their names are unusual. This is because children with very unusual names are sometimes treated(对待) badly by others. Other children may make fun of a child with an unusual name. Some children's names are spelled very differently from how they sound. This also causes problems for such children. They may not like the member of the family they are named after, or they may not agree with their parents about certain ideas related to their names.

Other people say that children should not be able to change their names. This is largely because children change a lot as they grow. One name may not seem good during childhood, but then it may seem very good in adulthood.Name changing again as an adult causes trouble all around.Children may also be easily influenced(影响) by their friends. Children who only listen to their friends do not always make good decisions. Parents, not friends, should be the major influence in a child's life. Since parents give their children a lot of love and care, they may feel hurt if the child wants to change his or her name.

Many terrible things happen in the kitchen every year. However, we often forget how dangerous they can be because we go there every day. There are many reasons: Some kitchen design(设计)is poor, or people do something wrong during cooking. No matter what the reason is, you can't be too careful in the kitchen. Then how can we try to keep ourselves away from dangers in the kitchen?

First of all, always keep your kitchen clean and tidy.Clean your stove and oven after use. Food left over on the stove or in the oven may catch fire. Also, if you drop some water on the floor when you cook, remember to clean it up right away, or it can easily make you fall.

Secondly, keep dangerous kitchen things in a right place. Knives, scissors and other sharp(锋利的) things can be very dangerous for young children. Instead of(而不是)putting them on the table, keep them where children cannot reach. But don't put them too high, or they may hurt you when they fall down.

Thirdly, don't leave the kitchen when you are cooking.You must stay in the kitchen to keep an eye on the food you cook. And don't look at your phone or do other things. If you have to be away from the kitchen, turn off the stove.

Finally, as many fires start in the kitchen, prepare a fire extinguisher(灭火器) at home. You can put it at a dry and cool place in your home instead of near the stove. And make sure you know how to put out a fire with it. Don't wait to read the instructions(说明书) until you have a fire in the kitchen.

↑

  in the Kitchen

要求：

1. 需包含思维导图中的信息；

2. 有恰当的开头和结尾，自然的过渡词；

3. 注意书信格式；

4. 字数80—90字，书写工整。

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Today, the robotics club is taking part in the National Robot Competition (比赛) at the Children's Science Centre.

"Come on, let's go! It's already 8:20. We're late!" Ruby calls out. Charlie quickly puts their robot into a box. Paul takes the box, and they get on the bus.

There are so many school clubs at the science centre. Charlie starts to feel worried: "Can we make it?"

Paul finds their school's table and puts down their box.

"Let's make the robot." Ruby says.

The children start to work together. "Wait! I can't find the robot's left arm." Ruby says. "Charlie! Where is it?"

"The arm? It's in the box, isn't it?" Charlie says.

They look in the box again, but they can't find it. "Charlie, is it still at school?" Ruby asks.

"Oh, I forgot putting it on the teacher's desk. I'm really sorry." Charlie says sadly.

"What can we do next?" Ruby asks.

"Take out everything from our bags. Let's see what we have." Paul says. He tries to find something they can use.

"I have two rulers. These can be its arm!" Ruby says. Charlie finds a ping-pong ball in his bag. "We can cut this in half. It can be the robot's hand!"

The children work together to make a new arm for the robot. They tie (绑) it to the robot. Soon, it is their turn to show the robot. And the judges (裁判) like their work, but they do not win the competition.

On the way home, the children talk about the competition.

"I'm sorry we didn't win. I need to check the box again," Charlie says.

"It's OK, Charlie. And we had fun!" Ruby says.

"We tried our best too! I'm sure we can do better next time." Paul smiles.

When you have good friends, the best way to get to know them better is to have a sleepover. Let me tell you more about it.

Some have them once a week or just once a month. When you want to have a sleepover with your friends, your parents usually call or text your friends' parents to ask about a suitable date first. The last step is to finish your homework before you get together with your friends so you can enjoy your time together.

But there is one problem: What if the parents don't want so many children to be in the house all day? It could be a park, a swimming pool, a theater or just somewhere down the road.

You can have a water fight in the garden. You can play hide-and-seek in the house. When you play, you can enjoy delicious food and drinks. I believe you'll have a good time with your friends.

A. In the UK, friends have sleepovers very often.

B. Do you have any problems with making new friends?

C. Well, they usually find another place to take the children.

D. There are many fun games you can play with your friends at a sleepover.

E. Then, you have to choose whose house you can stay at—your own or your friends' house.

F. A sleepover usually includes having a party and sleeping next to your good friends all night.

Do you know the little cute thing in the picture? "It's a Labubu." I think this is answer. You're right. Now it is a favourite of many young people. It's also a of fashion (时尚).

The man next to the picture is Kasing Lung, the "Father of Labubu". He is 53 years old and from Hong Kong, China, but of the time, he lives in Belgium with his family. He loves reading, drawing and.

Kasing Lung some really lovely elves (精灵) to us in his book The Monsters. From the book, we know about Zimomo, Tycoco, Spooky, Pato, and, of course, Labubu.

The group of Labubu has about 100 members. They all live in the forest. They are not big, just like. They have long ears and each nine special teeth. And they always wear a smile. For them, everything is new and fun.

Labubu's cute looks let people make all kinds of toys. Many people love toys. Would you like one?

"A girl!?" Matthew says in surprise. "I come for a boy."

He sees a child of about eleven, with a small face and red hair.

"Are you Mr. Cuthbert of Green Gables? I'm Anne Shirley. But I like to be called Cordelia. It's a beautiful name, right? I'm so happy to live with you!" she says excitedly. She keeps talking on the way.

When getting home, his sister Marilla stands at the door. "Matthew, who is this? Where is the boy?"

"They sent a girl, not a boy." He answers sadly.

"You don't want me, because I'm not a boy." The girl feels down after hearing that.

"Well, don't be sad. You can stay here, but just for tonight." Marilla says to the girl.

That night, Marilla talks with Matthew. "You're getting older. We need a boy to help with your farming work. We must send her back tomorrow."

Matthew speaks quietly. "She's a nice little thing and she doesn't have parents. Marilla, maybe she needs us more than we think. I can get a boy from the village."

Marilla thinks for a while and says, "OK, she can live with us, but I hope she can be a useful one."

The next morning, Marilla tells the girl, "Anne, you may stay. But you must promise (承诺) to be a good girl."

Anne cries and says, "Thank you very much! I'll try to be nice and kind."

Anne Shirley has a home at last.

Liam Quinn, a 37-year-old musician, is one of them. He lives on a river in London. He loves waking up to see the water around and swans swimming outside his home. "It's such a quiet and relaxing place for me to stay in and I feel really free because my boat is in the busy city center for one month, and then I move to a peaceful lake near a beautiful farm!" he says.

But the life on a boat isn't always fun. Liam has to clean the toilet every day and leave the boat for shopping in the town or city. Cooking is also a problem. Still, he loves his life on the water. "You learn to fix (修理) things yourself and make lots of new friends." he smiles. "Everyone is friendly and there to help!"

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Time: 9 a.m. Saturday-9 p.m. Sunday

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Are home robots a good idea? There are many kinds of home robots on the market (市场) today. They can1 many easy tasks (任务), such as cleaning the floor, carrying drinks to people and even playing music when asked.

Some people think home robots are their great2. They can help people do boring housework. This gives people more free time to do something they3, like reading books or playing with friends. The robots can also make people feel4 at home. For example, they can tell the owner at once if there is a5 with the house.

More and more people welcome robots,6 some people don't. They think it's not a good7 to have one at home. They say if robots do8 for us, we will become lazy (懒惰的) day by day. They're9 we may lose the ability to do some kind of housework in the future. Also, many home robots have cameras and microphones. They can record lots of our10 information, which may put our privacy (隐私) at risk.

The discussion never stops. What's your idea on having a home robot? You can write your opinions on our forum.

A and B are standing in the basketball court.

A: Hi, good afternoon. May I have your name?

B: Good afternoon. I'm George Wood. What's your name?

A: Tianhua.

B:

A: Chen.

B: Oh, nice to meet you.

A: Yes, I do. I'm a big fan of the NBA. My favorite basketball player is Kobe. And yours?

B: James.

A: I think we can play basketball together some day.

B: Here's my WeChat number.

A. Sounds great!

B. What's your last name?

C. You can call me George.

D. Do you also like basketball?

E. It's amazing to watch him play.