相关试卷

Wash your hands

When it comes to preventing the spread of infectious diseases, proper hand hygiene (卫生) is vital. and from there to your eyes and mouth where they can gain access to inside your body. Thus, washing your hands is one of the first steps to take to reduce the transfer of infectious agents.

Avoid touching your face, eyes, and nose

People tend to touch their face several times throughout the day. This is when the infectious agents in your hands gain access to your body., the eyes, the nose and the mouth do allow.

Prepare and store food safely

Some pathogens can be transferred into your body via food (so called foodborne illnesses)., it can multiply and cause illness. Thus, it is vital you prepare and store all food appropriately.

Travel wisely

Be aware of the risks of infection that increase when you travel. Some infections may be more common in places where you are traveling compared to where you live. Talk to your doctor about important vaccinations to get before traveling..

A. If you are ever exposed to the pathogen

B. Pathogens are easily transferred (转移) to your skin

C. This allows you to be more prepared to the native pathogens

D. With some healthy habits, you can keep many illnesses at bay

E. Once food is consumed and the pathogen gains access to your body

F. Understanding infectious diseases helps you manage your risk factors

G. Where an undamaged skin does not allow transfer of pathogens into the body

Each new robot is no bigger than the tip of a sharpened pencil. They are magnetic (有磁性的) and shaped like stars. When sunlight hits them, they produce chemical reactions that push them through water in a specific direction. When they find a piece of plastic, they stick to it and start to break it down. When the light goes out, they let go and are free to be used again.

"This work is great," says Douglas Blackiston at Tufts University in Medford, Mass. He's a biologist who did not work on the project but knows about such devices. He's been designing robots out of living cells, including some that might help with pollution cleanup. Speaking of the new one, he mentions that, "These robots can eat plastic. They chew it up. Or they can recover it and be collected with a magnet. Scientists love robots with all these capabilities. "

Chemist Martin Pumera at the Czech University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague led the project. He studies ways to build microrobots. About a decade ago, he says, scientists began developing tiny bots that could move themselves in water. Then, they had to find them a mission and thought "Let's make them do something useful." Since then, Pumera has focused on the problem posed by microplastics, which are everywhere—from the bottom of the ocean to air blowing onto ice atop mountains. They've turned up in drinking water, both bottled and tap water, and some studies estimate that trillions of pieces of plastic end up in the world's waters. The plastic has many sources, from drinking straws and shopping bags to laundry and cleaning wipes. Plastic doesn't easily degrade or fall apart, and that's always been one of its appeals.

Pumera says his final goal is to make cheap and environmentally friendly robots that can be used anywhere in the world.

Recovery efforts in the wild began in 1987 on the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive (圈养的) wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012. But illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers plummeting.

In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups (幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn't go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.

To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.

The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a 2018 proposal to shrink (缩小) the red wolves' protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent, after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act. Ron Sutherland of the Wildlands Network says it's crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong-headed proposal. And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018 — this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.

Join us for our 9th season of free lectures in 2024. All lectures start at 11:15 A.M. Doors open at 10:30 A.M. Seating is strictly on a first-arrival basis, so plan to come early. Call (555) 757-4310 if you have any questions.

March 30       Melville Hall

Nation of Ulysses: James Joyce and the Great American Novel

Dr. Carl Morris

One of the country's foremost experts on modern American literature, Dr. Morris will discuss the influence of Irish novelist and poet James Joyce on the modern American novel.

April 5       Science Hall, Room 130

Beaches in Peril: Maryton's Human and Animal Populations in Conflict

Dr. Elizabeth Thorogood

A Maryton College biology instructor and Life Sciences Department chair, Dr. Thorogood will describe the impact that booming residential construction is having on Maryton's coastal wildlife.

April 12       Maryton School of Business, Room 255

Europe and the Italian Perspective

Silvio Paretti

Mr. Paretti, who served as the Italian ambassador to the United States for six years, will present an insightful overview of recent political and economic upheavals (动荡) within the European Union.

April 19       Lecture Room 4

Men on the Moons? — The possibility of life on Jupiter's moons

Karen Godwin

Famous for her radio show "Science and the Stars," Ms. Godwin discusses recent discoveries about the moons of Jupiter and the possibility of life beyond the Earth.

Huangshan-based lacquerware artisan Gan Erke has devoted his life to reviving (复兴) ancient lacquer techniques. His journey began at a local arts and crafts factory, he noticed a gap between traditional Chinese lacquerware and modern global standards. This led him to revive the nearly lost rhinoceros leather (xi pi) lacquer technique, (inspire) by a brief description in a Ming Dynasty text. After (year) of experimentation, he successfully recreated and enhanced the technique by adding gold and increasing layers (层) from six to up to 102, (achieve)greater depth and movement.

One of his (influence) works is a round box with complex rhinoceros leather patterns. The surface is polished to mirror-like finish, reflecting light beautifully. Another example is a tea container, to which Gan applied the same high standards, ensuring perfect polish both inside and out. Each piece takes over a year (complete), as Gan aims for perfection.

Gan's works have earned (recognize) at home and abroad. In 2011, one of his rhinoceros leather lacquered round boxes (add) to the permanent collection at Beijing's Palace Museum. Major museums the British Museum and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in the US have also acquired his pieces.

Yet, there are3. I still remember a family trip to a scenic spot in Georgia. Several ladies were taking pictures there, one of whom was4 with a bunch of flowers. I truly liked them, and went up to her, saying how lovely they were. Immediately, she5 to give me the flowers to take a picture with. I smiled6 as my mom took out her camera. Yet this stranger's kindness didn't end there: the woman insisted that I7 the flowers — she saw that they8 my happiness.

People usually receive flowers from loved ones, and it's so9 to receive them from a stranger! The flowers gradually withered (枯萎) away, but the10 will stay with me forever. This small gift became a powerful11 of the goodness that people can12 to others.

I13 a lot of people on that trip, but I still remember this experience, which shows that a14 action can go a long way. The flowers made my day, and every time I think back to it, the world seems a bit15.

Any goals you set for yourself should be specific. Studies have shown, for example, that when individuals make daily exercise commitments, they're more likely to increase their fitness levels. For instance, "walking 10,000 steps a day" is much better than "doing your best".

Some tasks are extremely challenging. In such cases, it can be helpful to create external motivators for yourself over the short-to-medium term. You might promise yourself a vacation for finishing a project or buy yourself a gift for losing weight. For instance, rewarding weight loss with junk food sets back progress.

When people work towards a goal, they usually start with strong motivation but then their effort decreases in the middle, when they are most likely to stop. If you divide your goal into smaller steps, like setting weekly instead of three-month targets, you'll have less time to fall into that unwanted decline.

The people who will best motivate you to accomplish certain tasks are not necessarily those who do the tasks well. Instead, they're folks who share a big-picture goal with you. Thinking of those people and our desire to succeed on their behalf can help provide the powerful motivation we need to reach our goals. A woman may find boring work rewarding if she feels she is providing an example for her daughter.

A. These approaches can help drive you forward.

B. As social beings, we can use social influence wisely.

C. But external rewards can backfire if mismatched with goals.

D. Luckily, shortening the middle can help change this pattern.

E. Concrete tasks are usually more effective than abstract ambitions.

F. Support from loved ones can turn boring tasks into meaningful acts.

G. Research has uncovered several ways to help you design smart rewards.

This ancient tale from One Thousand and One Nights highlights storytelling's impact. Our recent research shows that strong storytelling skills can dramatically improve someone's well-being.

At its core, storytelling helps people find meaning from life's chaos. Studies show we shape our identities by turning experiences into personal stories. Skilled storytellers excel at two key skills: they need to connect events logically and they must learn to see the world through the eyes of their characters, understanding the "why" of what drives people. Applying these two skills to their own lives, skillful storytellers use the first to identify and pursue what gives their life meaning, while the second develops a mindset that prioritizes the "why" behind their actions over just the "how".

To illustrate this point, we conducted studies with 800 participants. We measured storytelling ability through self-reports, friend evaluations and expert reviews on lab experiments where each participant told one story about himself and the other with three given random words. In addition to these assessments of storytelling skills, we asked participants questions to get a sense of how meaningful they found life and whether they approached decisions with a "why" mindset rather than a "how" mindset.

Results consistently linked storytelling skills to stronger life meaning and goal clarity. Personality also mattered: people open to new experiences collected more interesting life stories, while shy people used storytelling to balance out their limited social interaction.

A strong "why" mindset connects with reduced stress and extended life. Storytelling also builds social connections. By helping people express their purpose and build relationships, stories may indirectly strengthen both mental and physical health.

Storytelling workshops, now popular globally, may do more than teach communication they could help participants redefine their life's direction.

Self-concept inertia is the psychological resistance to changing our identity. Our self-concept is influenced by our narrative identity, which is made up of the stories we tell about ourselves. These narratives can go beyond simply describing who we are today — they can restrict us from being who we believe we're capable of becoming in the future. This means that even if we want to change, as long as we hold onto our old identities, we'll unintentionally resist making the changes we know we need to make to become the "new" version of ourselves.

Our self-concept doesn't yield easily, even to our conscious (有意识的) desires. When your behaviors contradict your self-image, you experience a state of psychological discomfort. For example, if you've always seen yourself as "not a morning person", successfully waking up at 5 a. m. creates tension with your established identity. So your brain has two options: Update your self-concept (hard) or abandon the new behavior (easier). As Carol Dweck discusses in her book Mindset: The New Psychology of Success, people with "fixed mindsets" tend to avoid challenges that might contradict their self-concept.

Yet your self-concept is malleable by design. Notice when you use a phrase like "I'm just not a ________ person". The absolute statement signals few changes will happen. Instead of "I'm not an organized person" (identity), try "I haven't developed strong organizational systems yet" (behavior). Identity statements feel permanent, but behavior statements feel changeable. Identifying these habits also gives you insight into a solution you can practice and improve.

Self-concept inertia weakens when we hold our identities lightly. When we see ourselves as works in progress rather than finished products, we create the psychological space needed for genuine transformation. The question isn't whether you can change — it's whether you're willing to let go of familiar limitations to discover what lies beyond them.

She discovered a newborn hare near her house, unguarded by a nest or its mother. At first, she left it, hot wanting to disturb nature's course. But when she returned hours later to find the hare still there, exposed to the rough weather and potential enemies, she nervously took it home, without any knowledge of hare care. She carefully fed it milk with a dropper. While there was plenty of rabbit advice online, hares were still mysterious.

Refusing to domesticate the hare, Dalton let it move freely in her home, adjusting her busy life to match its habits. Its simple life reshaped her view: "If I could get this much pleasure from something so simple," she reflects, "what else might be waiting to be discovered?" Their life together ended the strong focus on her busy life and brought a greater awareness of the environment.

In her book, Dalton gives historical context on the human-hare relationship and illustrates how horribly hares have often been treated. The brown hare population in Britain has declined 80 percent in the past century due to hunting and agriculture. The story provides a peaceful feeling with its delicate illustrations, but Dalton avoids idealizing nature, recognizing humans' influence on animals.

Animal encounter books are common, and the good ones act like peaceful countryside escapes. We already understand the basic outlines even without reading books with similar themes — Catherine Raven's Fox & I and Helen Macdonald's H Is for Hawk. But Dalton's weak animal is much lower on the food chain, adding more suspense to Raising Hare: Will the small creature survive until the story ends? Dalton's journey with her "weak companion" offers a reminder that healing (疗愈) often comes not from control, but from adjusting to nature.

The Archaeology Lab is staffed entirely by volunteers and college students. We encourage anyone who is interested to get in touch with us. As a volunteer, you'll have the opportunity to:

●dig in areas that scientists think contain objects that show how the local people lived.

●sort soil through big screens to find small items like old pipes, nails, and Indian artifacts (器物).

●smooth the units to reveal color and texture patterns that provide evidence of how the land was used.

●wash and identify recovered artifacts.

If you are interested in regularly volunteering, we encourage you to consider creating your own research project. You can:

●develop original research questions.

●create procedures to answer those questions.

●do the research with support from assistant volunteer scientists.

●write reports about the methods and findings.

Age and time commitment

Minimum age is 16.

Minimum time commitment is three 3-hour visits.

Days/times

The lab is active on Wednesdays from 9 a.m. to 3 p.m., but volunteers don't need to stay the entire day.

To sign up or for more information

Contact Rachael Mady, SERC Participatory Science Coordinator, at MadyR@si.edu or 443-482-2276.

It was June, the last day of school. My class of first-graders was feverishly anticipating their summer vacation. To add a joyful flavor, I had some balloons brought in, but for me, this holiday was bittersweet. I'd just moved to this city and couldn't afford to fly back to accompany Dad. He was desperately missing me, for it was his first summer without me.

When switching off the light on my way out, I noticed the balloons near the window. Unsure what to do with them, I grabbed the thirteen strings and stuffed them into the backseat of my car. Their rainbow of colors lifted my spirits and gratefully, I didn't feel so alone.

As the city was still foreign to me, I decided to go for a drive and soon found myself winding down a stretch of road where the trees overhead covered each other. The branches reminded me of two friends stretching out to greet each other. Before long, a retirement home appeared. It was a place with a feeling of forgottenness and I spotted a man sitting alone in the shade outside.

I felt a sudden urge to pull in. But the balloons in my backseat blocked my view-then I knew what to do with them. Opening the door and grabbing one of the strings, I waved to the man, and he smiled. His name was Daniel and he was about Dad's age. When I handed him the balloon, he grinned (咧嘴笑)，"Thanks. It gives a little color to my life." While tying it to his chair, he looked happier than when I arrived. So I smiled, "You're welcome, Daniel. Perhaps I'll see you again sometime."

Unexpectedly, he replied, "Perhaps, but probably not. Visitors are always welcome, but rarely come." His words forced me to slide over an old chair next to his. Then we began chatting about our lives and his voice always reminded me of Dad. I'd thought it would be boring talking with a stranger. But it wasn't; it was enlightening — I had been feeling lonely, and so had Daniel, and so had the residents in the retirement home.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150个左右：(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

Then I remembered the other twelve balloons in the backseat.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Over the next six months, I visited Daniel often.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.节目设想；2.设计理由；3.征求意见。

注意：

(1)写作数成80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

Dear Tom,

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Blind boxes have taken the world by storm, catching the imaginations of collectors and new buyers alike. These mystery boxes, containing (hide) items revealed only after purchase, offer a mix of surprise and exclusivity (独家性). From toys to high-end collectibles, blind box trend attracts anyone seeking excitement or wanting to add something unique to their collection.

The appeal lies in the excitement of not knowing is inside, combined with the desire to complete a set or find rare items. This concept of discovery keeps collectors (come) back for more and has helped transform the blind box industry into a multibillion-dollar market.

For those new the blind box world, starting a collection can be a rewarding experience. Begin by selecting a brand or theme that matches your interests. Many collectors recommend focusing on a specific series, which makes the collection more personal helps prevent unnecessary purchases. Engaging with the community can also enhance your collecting journey. There are countless social media groups where collectors share tips and discuss new (release). Connecting with other collectors (allow) you to trade the same items, find rare pieces, and share in the excitement of each new (add) to your collection.

Whether you're an experienced collector or a newcomer, the world of blind boxes offers (end) possibilities, turning every unboxing into an adventure.

The restaurant has always been the5 of our lives. At fourteen, I started being a vegetarian (素食者), but Mom still found things to6 me and taught me to be creative with vegetables and tofu. When I started high school thirty pounds heavier than everyone in my class, Mom and I designed a7 menu for La Salle Rouge, and Mom let me8 tasty, low-calorie desserts, which became popular later. I9 early on that this was the work I want to do.

It hardly seems10 that I have to walk away from all of that just to do maths, but Mom says it's smarter to have a backup11, and she's made me apply to colleges and check out business majors12 I want to do anything else with my life. But I already know what I'm going to do when I graduate.

First, I'll buy myself a set of knives, which is a must for the best chefs. The second thing is to get13 -— people would know my name and try my14. Now, all I have to do is finish homework and get back into the15.

Recently, my 13-year-old daughter asked me to buy her a $28 phone case. Her old one wasn't broken or worn out; she was just bored of it. However, saying "no" in moments like this isn't easy. The request felt small, but I knew there was a bigger lesson to teach. It's about teaching our children to think critically about their spending. At the same time, we don't want to come across as overly strict or dismissive of their feelings.

In this case, I realized my daughter's request wasn't just about the phone case; it was about her desire for something new, trendy, and exciting. After all, to a 13-year-old, a new phone case might feel like a big deal, a way to express themselves or fit in with their friends. So how do we find the middle ground?

Instead of shutting down the conversation, I used it as an opportunity to talk about wants and needs. I explained that we must prioritize what's essential over impulse (冲动) purchases. I also acknowledged her feelings. "I get it," I told her. Sometimes we just want something new because it feels exciting. This softened the conversation and made her more willing to listen. Instead of a flat-out "no", I suggested a compromise (妥协). I offered her three options: earn it, wait it out or explore alternatives.

It was about guiding my daughter toward better decision-making without damaging our relationship.
 

A. But I didn't stop there.

B. For me, it was a firm no.

C. That conversation wasn't just about a phone case.

D. I promoted the habit of saving for things she wanted.

E. It felt important to her, even if it seemed unnecessary to me.

F. This balancing act can be tricky, especially when parenting teens.

G. Sometimes, the most valuable lessons aren't about the money at all.

Most of us are aware that cows release methane, but wetlands are also a major source of the gas. Wetlands host a community of microbes (微生物), including Archaea, which generate methane as a byproduct when they consume and digest components of organic matter. These microbes grow in oxygen-free environments like wet soils, which typically occur in the wetlands' deeper levels. However, researchers have been surprised to find that quite a lot of methane comes from the oxygen-rich peat (泥炭) and soil near the surface.

To explore this phenomenon, Zhang and her team analyzed peat samples collected from a wetland in the Northeast U.S. One set of samples received oxygen treatment followed by incubation (培养) under oxygen-free conditions. The other samples remained in an oxygen-free environment for the entire study period. Contrary to expectations, the oxygen-treated peats produced a higher amount of methane than the peats maintained under continuously oxygen-free conditions.

To find out why, the researchers analyzed all the microbes found in the peat samples. They found that oxygen stimulated some microbes to break down harmful chemicals, which would otherwise threaten the entire microbial community, including methane-producing Archaea.The result is the creation of far more methane than expected.

Zhang's work suggests that oxygen variability is an important control on wetland methane production. Her team is also exploring further how oxygen variability for different lengths of time, and how different soil chemistries influence microbial methane production.

In the study, researchers looked at all cereals purchased by 77,000 U.S. households over a nine-year period, between 2008 and 2017. They also looked at Nielsen ratings data, which closely monitored all the ads that people in a household saw-both children and adults. What they found was a strong relationship between how much advertising was targeted to kids and how much sugary cereal that households with children bought. By contrast, there was no link to increased purchases when ads targeted adults. And these extensive data also showed that behaviors that were learned in childhood could track into adulthood, which could lead to poor health outcomes over a lifetime.

The study is the first to directly compare the influence of food advertising exposure by children with that of adults. The findings offer novel evidence of how food marketing turns children into the "ultimate weapon" in influencing family spending because they consistently ask their parents to purchase a concept known as "pester power".

The food industry launched the Children's Food and Beverage Advertising Initiative, a voluntary effort to police itself. The 21 participating food companies made a commitment to cut back on marketing unhealthy foods to children under 12 — later revised to under 13. A new study conducted in 2024 showed that children's exposure to cereal ads on TV programming aimed at kids has dropped dramatically.

But Lindsey Smith Taillie, a food policy researcher at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, says these voluntary efforts aren't making a difference. Advertisements, like kids' eyeballs, are moving online, making it even harder to know what marketing children are being exposed to, Taillie notes.

This was meant to be a healing exercise, one championed by the Finnish biologist Adela Pajunen. Finns, she'd told me, sometimes share their worries aloud to trees or birds. On shore, I spotted a short black alder tree and began to tell the tree my troubles. The leaves rustled (沙沙作响) in response, a sign I interpreted as sympathy.

I had come to Finland to see whether I could bring happiness back to America with me. Finland has topped the World Happiness Report for the past eight years, largely due to free education and universal health care. And the Finns also find happiness in more attainable ways, such as their close relationship with nature and visiting the sauna (桑拿) daily. These activities contain similar goals: Stay present and seek a minimalist lifestyle that relies on the earth.

I followed their lifestyle — visiting the sauna and taking a relaxing forest walk, and happiness came in waves over the next few days. I was optimistic that I could recreate the happiest moments of this trip back home in New York. How hard could it be, really?

As it turned out, happiness was a luxury in America, though I tried hard to live exactly like the Finns. Then one afternoon, I had a breakthrough as I rushed through Central Park and noticed a crowd of people staring at the ground. A cardinal! I stopped to admire the bird's feather before it flew away. This was a win for staying present. I'd been so stuck trying to find the time and money for happiness that I'd missed the point: Quiet the mind, and find pleasure in small acts and observations — like a cardinal taking flight, or talking to trees — right then and there.

As I left the park, I carried out a small but comforting ritual (仪式) I'd developed. I thanked the trees for listening.

The Advisor offers on-demand comments to students practicing public speaking from anywhere.This flexibility benefits instructors, who can be as hands-on or hands-off during practice. While students can operate autonomously with the tool, instructors can also choose to keep track of students' progress.

Criteria

Using machine learning models, the Pops Advisor analyzes the following criteria:

Feedback

The presenter receives feedback on the above four categories. And this feedback is given in the following formats:

• Recommendations

To provide presenters with valuable feedback for the next practice, recommendations focus on specific aspects needing improvement. For instance, the recommendation can be "Your message is clear, but be sure you are grabbing your audience's attention in your introduction to ensure they are listening."

• Speech Metrics (指标)

Useful speech metrics serve as quantitative descriptors on several aspects of the presentation including number of words, total presentation time, speaking rate and vocal fillers percentage.

Pops Advisor can be used in any classroom setting where students are presenting, particularly in the Basic Public Speaking Course. When you are considering what can be achieved by your students toward skill development in a single school semester, Advisor increases the overall development.