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In public speaking, body language can make or break your presentation. Confident body language, like standing tall, helps you establish trust and connection with your audience. When used correctly, body language becomes a powerful tool for strengthening interaction. So explore key techniques to improve your nonverbal communication skills in public speaking.

Practice in front of a mirror.

One of the most effective ways to improve body language is through self-observation. Practicing in front of a mirror allows you to observe your poses, facial expressions, and gestures in real time..

Match body language with your speech for impact.

Effective communication happens when your verbal messages perfectly match your nonverbal delivery. When you're delivering a message of enthusiasm, your facial expressions and gestures should reveal that energy. Similarly, calm body language helps project reliability when you're speaking about a serious topic. This is crucial in building trust with your audience.

Pausing (停顿) at the right moment while speaking helps you manage your pace and avoid unnecessary words like "um" or "ah", and can also strengthen your body language. For example, a pause before delivering a key point allows your facial expressions and gestures to attach significance to the message. It gives you time to make meaningful eye contact with your audience and allows them to process your words.

Employ open gestures.

However, unnecessary or uncontrolled movements may cause distractions from your message. The key is to try to use open, purposeful gestures that feel natural and match your words. Open gestures, like uncrossed arms, palms up, and broad hand movements, signal openness, confidence, and warmth, helping your audience feel more comfortable.

A. Focus on intentional movements.

B. Make use of strategic short silence.

C. You can use hand gestures to illustrate progress.

D. Your body language should strengthen your speech.

E. This makes you more aware of your body language patterns.

F. Gestures do support communication by adding emphasis and clarity.

G. By contrast, nervous habits like avoiding eye contact can distract listeners.

Chinese dragons most resemble snakes, and have four claws and no wings. They often have features of other animals, including carp, tigers, and eagles. In contrast, Western dragons look like huge lizards with big claws and large bat-like wings, and are often shown with spines or rough scales.

In traditional Chinese culture, a dragon is a symbol of luck, power and high status. They can cause weather changes and bring rainfall to the fields to ensure rich harvests. They are considered divine creatures, which hold an important position as the head of the four spirits. Therefore, to symbolize their power, ancient Chinese emperors decorated their clothes with dragon patterns. These clothes are known as dragon robes. Many Chinese view the dragon as a national symbol, proudly referring to themselves as "descendants of the dragon". In the west, however, a dragon symbolizes an evil creature that spreads violence and terror throughout the land. They are believed to be transformed by the devil, with the ability to breathe fire or spit poison. Many western tales show dragons being defeated and killed to protect people from danger.

Today, dragons continue to evolve, exceeding traditional boundaries and finding new significance in global culture. They are no longer associated with evil or good, but rather as complex characters with their own unique personalities and motivations. For example, Toothless from How to Train Your Dragon begins as a dangerous dragon but evolves into a misunderstood being with love and compassion. This challenges the idea of dragons as naturally evil, presenting them as complex beings with emotions and motivations.

The study found Americans had the friendliest English accent in the world with one in five seeing the American accent as the friendliest. Though the Canadian accent is the most closely related to general American English, with similar rules for pronunciation and accent, only one in 12 selected it as the friendliest accent. The British accent is considered the second most friendly accent, with one in seven selecting it as the friendliest. The Australian accent came in third place, with almost one in 10 considering it to be friendly. Although the New Zealand accent is similar to the Australian accent, New Zealanders came 15th with just 1 in 100 choosing the Kiwi accent as the friendliest.

In understanding why some accents are viewed as more friendly than others, Dr Christopher Strelluf from the University of Warwick said attitudes towards language varieties (变体) usually show the ideas "we have about people who speak those varieties". "If people around the world think American English sounds friendly, it's good news for Americans because it means people think of Americans as friendly people."

"The meanings of Englishes worldwide are also changing rapidly across many dimensions (维度). For example, while British English has historically provided an international model for ‘correct' English, people who live in countries where English is being learned for getting into the global (全球的) marketplace increasingly prefer American English as their standard," said Strelluf.

"In this study, the attitudes towards English show the basic ways we continue to find our way through social relationships using language and our thoughts about language."

Learning to speak Chinese isn't as insurmountable as I once thought. When I speak to native speakers in Chinese, they almost always understand me. I also find it not too difficult to remember characters and I am now even able to write over 400 characters. I find studying the language relaxing and worthwhile, particularly writing the characters. The thing I find most challenging is listening since native speakers talk at such a speed. I can't always understand what has been said, but my weekly online language exchanges help with this greatly.

Despite my progress, it has still been the challenge I desire and has taken a lot of hard work. Furthermore, there is a long way to go before I reach my goal of fluency. The key to progress is to be patient and persistent (坚持不懈的). The satisfaction that comes from simple things like ordering food in Chinese, buying things on the Internet or communicating with a taxi driver makes all the hard work worth it.

My biggest harvest from learning Chinese is that it's not only doable but can also be enjoyable. Learning Chinese not only helps me in day-to-day life, but deepens my cultural understanding of such a colourful and beautiful country. Considering where I am now, compared to two years ago, as long as I keep studying hard, I can image a time when I'll be able to read famous Chinese novels not in English but in the original text. So, to all my non-Chinese friends, I always say "Don't give up. Embrace (拥抱) the challenge."

Yangon

Yangon has a large population, but the city doesn't seem crowded. There are trees everywhere, which gives it a totally different feel from other Asian cities. At night, Yangon's wide streets come alive with stalls (货摊) selling delicious food. The most famous temple is the gold-plated Shwedagon Paya. The colonial architecture of the Strand Hotel is another great sight.

Mandalay

Picturesque Mandalay is famous for being the old royal capital of Myanmar. In the past, Burmese kings would have lived in the city and you can still see some of their palaces in evidence. Mandalay is also known for its Chinese and Indian immigrants. One of the best things to do here is to spend time enjoying the varied cuisines on offer. Its scenic mountains and beautiful waterfalls are what visitors should not miss.

Bagan

Travelers with a passion for Buddhist temples should have a field day in Bagan, since it contains the most of these in the world. The most popular destination in Bagan was the capital of the First Burmese Empire from the 9th to the 13th centuries. Today the site is still home to thousands of temples and pagodas, including the famous Ananda Temple with its sparkling gold spires.

Kalaw

If you want to explore the rural and natural beauty of Myanmar, Kalaw is a must-go place. When trekking (长途跋涉) through the hills of Kalaw, you will experience the diverse landscapes, cultures, and lifestyles of the local people, as well as enjoy the fresh air and scenic views. You will need a guide to show you the way and arrange your accommodation.

Mia and Max were raised alone by their single mother Jennifer after their dad passed away when they were kids. Jennifer worked double shifts as a waitress at a downtown bar to make ends meet, and she could never afford a baby-sitter. Luckily, the neighbors on Maple Street all lent a hand — Mrs. Brown next door would pick the kids up from school, Mr. Wilson across the road taught Max to fix bikes, and even Teenager Lila helped Mia with her homework when Jennifer was late.

In return, Mia and Max became the neighborhood's little helpers. They watered Mrs. Brown's rose bushes every evening, walked Lila's dog, Charlie, and carried groceries for the elderly Mr. Wilson. "Mommy says kindness is like a seed—you plant it, and it grows," Mia often said. Max would nod approvingly and add, "Yeah A little help goes a long way for someone in need" Their giggles and bright smiles made the quiet street feel like a big family.

A terrible thing hit one afternoon when Max fell down during the break, unconscious. Immediately sent to the hospital, he was diagnosed with a serious disease that required expensive monthly medical fees. Jennifer started saving every extra penny. Worse still, she had to feed the kids the only one can of tomato soup in the fridge one evening. Taking it out, she added more water in it and served it to them. "It's a bit watery, mommy," Mia noted, but quickly took another spoonful, adding, "But it's still yummy" Max nodded.

The next day, returning home early, Jennifer found Mia sitting on the step, selling her beloved dolls — her birthday and Christmas gifts — with a big poster reading "Dolls for Max's Medical Fees". "I love Max more than dolls," Mia whispered. Jennifer hugged her, tears wetting her shirt. The next morning, Jennifer found in the mailbox an envelope with $2,000 and a note inside, "Thanks for your kids. Your children taught us kindness. Now let us give back."

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Jennifer walked into the room, the envelope in her hand.

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Months later, Max's health improved greatly.

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1.介绍你设计的作品；

2.分享你的收获。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.可适当增加情节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Chris,

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Yours,

Li Hua

A few months ago, I fell down a rabbit hole. Actually, it was a noodle hole. It all started with Instagram photo of a bowl of steaming beef soup. The soup was as clear as a polished window. In it, there was a tight roll of noodles. Soup is to noodles soul is to body.

I had never even tasted the dish (call) Lanzhou lamian, an (impressive) chewy Chinese noodle dish, which originated in Lanzhou, Gansu, but it seemed that it became my new (favor) food. Lanzhou beef noodles are not as widely known outside China some other Chinese dishes. But in recent years, the dish (begin) to become popular worldwide. Lanzhou noodle restaurants have opened in many international cities.

Everyone I spoke to had (vary) of opinions on the ideal version. A chef told me, "You should be able to taste the skill of the chef and the way the noodles (pull)." A food writer added that the soup should be flavored subtly with spices.

I kept their advice in mind as I traveled across the city and slurped (出声地吃或喝) bowl after bowl, with my cold cheeks (melt) in the steam.

Between journeys, they returned to Hawaii, where they built a sustainable5 by the sea. The ocean became Alison's front6, where she played with dolphins. She would7 and release sea leaves. The dolphins would catch them and play games. Over time, the dolphins learned to8 Alison and would approach her freely.

After university, Alison continued traveling. Her survival9 earned her a spot on a TV show where she had to survive on a10 island. While she succeeded, the plastic waste on the beach shocked her. This experience11 changed her focus toward ocean protection.

Back home, she saw dolphins playing with plastic instead of leaves. This made her more12 to act. Now Alison shares her conservation13 through talks and products. She helped ban plastic bags in California, showing how policies can14 change.

"Whether you're a teacher, artist, or student, we can all help protect our15," Alison says, "Every small action matters."

Turning failure into success is not just about changing outcomes; it's about changing attitudes and actions. Many people fear failure. Here's a detailed guide on how to transform setbacks into stepping stones.

Accept the Failure

The first step is to accept that you have failed. This isn't about blaming others or making excuses— it's about honestly acknowledging that things didn't go as planned. Understanding and accepting your failures, whether in a job, a project, or any aspect of life, is essential to moving forward.

Analyze and Learn from Mistakes

Take a deep dive into what went wrong. Was it a lack of effort, poor planning, or an unforeseen circumstance? Reflect carefully on these questions. This reflection turns failure from a stop sign into a guidepost.

Seek Feedback and Encourage Open Communication

Leaders should create an environment where team members feel safe to discuss what happened without fear. This kind of open communication can lead to fresh ideas and a deeper understanding of the challenges faced.

Celebrate every success, no matter how small. This helps build confidence and maintain motivation. Understanding that you're moving forward, even gradually, is essential to turning failure into success. Recognizing small wins keeps you motivated on the journey.

By following these steps, you can transform failures into valuable learning experiences that pave the way to eventual success.

A. Develop a Plan of Action.

B. Celebrate Progress and Build Confidence.

C. If a team fails, open a constructive dialogue.

D. In fact, each failure brings you closer to your final goal.

E. Only by facing the truth can you learn from the experience.

F. However, those who succeed see it as a necessary step toward growth.

G. That is, this is about turning past mistakes into valuable lessons that can guide future efforts.

This isn't true. To understand why, we need to see what is in tap water. Taking the tap water supplied by Sydney Water as an example, the average water quality results were as follows: the pH was slightly alkaline (碱性的); the total dissolved solids were low enough; the fluoride (氟化物) level was appropriate for improving dental health, and it was classified as "soft" water. The water contained a small number of metals, which were too low to taste. If you were to make tea with this water, reboiling would not cause a health problem.

Water can turn into water vapor (the gas form of water) at any temperature, but it happens most at boiling. Some organic substances may escape, but inorganic ones like metals and salts stay in the water. Their level may rise a little as water turns into steam, but it's difficult to concentrate such low level to the point that would be harmful.

Suppose you boil a pot of tap water which meets safety standards in the morning and use 200ml for a cup of tea. When you reboil the leftover water to make tea in the afternoon, the mineral amount in the second cup is nearly the same as the first. The bottom line is that as long as the water in your pot originally meets the safety standards for drinking water, it will remain safe to drink even after repeated boiling.

Over the years, scientists have come up with different theories about what happens in the brain during flow states. Some believe that flow states happen during periods of intense focus, when the brain focuses more on the task at hand. Others argue that the brain calms down during flow, rather than speeds up, allowing a person's skills to take over.

In 2024, scientists brought 32 jazz guitarists to a lab to study the location and intensity of electrical activity in the brain while they were in flow. Some of the guitarists were newer at playing, and some had played at an expert level for years. The researchers asked them to give solo performances without preparation and report back whether they fell into flow states, all while being measured by machines.

They found that experienced musicians entered flow states more often and more intensely. The scientists then compared what was happening in the brain when musicians said they had high-flow performances versus low-flow ones, and the difference was obvious — there was less activity in the frontal lobes (前额叶) during flow states. Scientists believe the study's findings show that flow takes place when the brain lets go and expertise (专长) takes over.

The research suggests that some amount of expertise is required for flow, whether it is during something thrilling, or a less intense activity. However, there's no way to rush a flow state — it's something that comes on its own time. When you first learn a new skill, it's unlikely that you'll experience flow. It may emerge over time, as one's ability develops.

I decided to break the ice by turning to the students, "Have you tried anything here worth recommending?" They immediately lit up, passionately suggesting the garlic butter pasta and warning us against the overly salty soup. We chatted happily about our weekend plans and favorite local snacks. The elderly couple, meanwhile, just smiled and nodded occasionally, so we kept our distance, only offering a polite "Excuse me" when passing dishes. Tom once reached for their bread basket, but I stopped him quickly — sharing food without permission is a clear etiquette (礼节) mistake.

We kept our voices moderate to avoid disturbing others and stowed our phones in our bags, following the unspoken rules of the place. When the server came with the bill, we clearly pointed out which dishes were ours to prevent confusion. By the time we finished eating, we'd exchanged social media accounts with the students and waved warmly to the elderly couple as we left.

That night gave me a valuable lesson about public dining: the key is balancing openness with respect. A simple greeting, proper conversation starters, and the ability to read other cues make all the difference. It is never about forced interaction, but about creating a pleasant shared space — whether you end up with new friends or just a peaceful, enjoyable meal.

Disney parks and cruise ships are widely known for their magical and immersive atmosphere. To keep this special charm complete, they have designed a set of secret codes. These codes allow cast members to communicate efficiently and carefully when dealing with various unexpected situations, ensuring guests' joyful experience remains undisturbed throughout their visit.

Emergency & Safety Codes

·Code 101: Informs staff that a ride will close temporarily, mostly due to necessary maintenance or potential safety concerns found in daily checks.

·Code 102: Serves as a positive signal, indicating a previously closed ride has passed all required inspections and will soon reopen to guests.

·Signal 70: Used when a child gets lost and separated from parents or guardians, helping staff quickly launch organized search efforts for family reunions.

·Code Alpha: calls for urgent medical help immediately, ensuring those facing sudden health emergencies receive timely and professional support.

Guest & cleanliness Codes

·Treasured Guest: A polite term for a badly-behaved or uncooperative guest, letting staff address problems calmly without public embarrassment.

·Customer: Specifically refers to a store thief in the park's retail areas, enabling staff to coordinate quietly and handle theft properly.

·Protein Spill/ Code V: Refers to vomit, a common issue after spinning rides or excessive sweet and greasy snacks, prompting a swift cleaning response.

·Code H: Stands for human waste like dirty diapers (尿布) and other not clean situations, ensuring prompt handling to maintain a clean environment.

Special Situation Codes

·Code Winnie (Cruise-only): A cruise-specific code meaning someone has peed in the pool, playfully linked to Winnie the Pooh's famous yellow color for easy memory.

On my first day of senior high, I felt both excited and nervous. I've always been quiet and not good at starting conversations. The idea of being in a new place with so many strangers made my heart beat fast. Would I make friends? Would I fit in? These questions kept going through my mind as I walked to my first class.

Math was my first tough class. The classroom was full of energy as students sat down, but I felt a little stressed by how hard the subject was. Luckily, my teacher Mr. Smith soon made me feel relaxed. He was kind and told a funny story that made everyone laugh. His friendliness made the class less scary, and I started to calm down. To my surprise, my classmates were nice too — I even smiled at some people sitting next to me. It was a good start.

The best part of the day was chemistry class in the science lab. The lab was new and spacious. The lesson was interesting, and I was excited to do the experiments. But my excitement didn't last long. The boy next to me, whose name was Jake, kept talking to me. I couldn't focus on the experiment because he never stopped. I tried to pay attention, but his chatting distracted me. I felt more and more annoyed, wishing he would be quiet so I could enjoy the lesson.

By the end of the day, I thought about what happened. I'd come to school worried about being alone, but I was happy to find my worries were wrong. My classmates and teachers were all easy-going. I realized I'd been nervous just because everything was new, but I was starting to like the new place. While I missed my junior high friends, I hoped to make new ones here.

The next day, I was back in the chemistry lab, ready for new experiments. Unfortunately, I sat next to Jake again. When the lesson started, I tried to focus, but Jake didn't notice I was busy — he started talking again.

注意：(1) 续写词数应为 150个左右；

(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I got so annoyed that I decided to talk to him after class.

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Jake looked surprised but nodded.

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(1) 写信目的；

(2) 分享减压方法。

注意：

(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；

(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Sarah,

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Yours,

Li Hua

Paper cutting is one of the most popular Chinese traditional art forms. It is popular because its low cost and artistry. What's more, it communicates the content and nature of traditional culture with its own language.

Chinese paper cutting is an art dates back to the 6th century. From the 7th century, it became popular especially during Chinese (festival). The art was brought to the rest of the world in the 14th century.

(traditional) , paper cutting is a handicraft for women. In the past, every girl was supposed to know it. At the same time, women were judged by (they) skills.

Professional paper cutting artists were, on the other hand, mostly men who were paid well through (work) hard in workshops.

Paper cuttings were generally used in religious rituals (宗教仪式). In the past, paper (cut) into images of people or things such as money and clothes and buried (埋葬) with dead. Today, paper cuttings, which are usually made with red paper, are used as (impress) decorations (装饰).

It is easy (learn) how to make paper cuttings. But to be good at it is not easy. It requires much effort, practice and imagination.

Foster,5 by the idea of the woman leaving without her groceries, immediately pulled a $50 bill out of his wallet to6 her $44 purchase. Overcome with emotion, the woman, maybe in her sixties, tried to ask Foster how she could pay him back for his7 . Foster told her not to8 and kindly wished her well.

Unknown to Foster, another customer at the store9 his good deed and later posted the video online. The post rose quickly in10 , with many users11 by the man's kind act. When asked by a local reporter why he decided to step in and help a12 , Foster said, "I did what my parents taught me — to help others when I could! If you can help, you do it to the best of your13. "

Many people have been14 by Foster, and most of us will likely try to15 his example in the future! It makes us think about what the world might look like if everyone could be a bit more like Foster.

Don't just shout. Talk it out.

Even if you knew some of your roommates before, living together will be completely different. If there's a problem, always talk it out with your roommates first. If you still have problems after talking, turn to your teacher for help — especially if you think you need to change rooms.

Dorms have some places like the common table, door shelf or power outlet area. Don't leave your backpack, dirty clothes or books all over them — save room for others. If you use shared things, put them back after. Small acts, like pushing your chair in, keep these spaces nice. This stops anyone feeling crowded and makes living together smooth.

Make your room represent (代表) you.

Your dorm room isn't just the place where you sleep or study but also your home. Make it as you as it can be. Show your personality. Do whatever you can to make your room a comfortable place so you feel right at home.

Keep your room clean and happy.

Cleanliness is important. Whether you share a space with one person or seven, you should have a cleaning plan. Don't fall into a situation where one person is always cleaning up after the others.

Be open to differences.

One of the great things about living in a dorm is that you'll probably meet people from other places who were raised differently than you were. Instead, try to get to know these students and learn something new. You never know that guy or girl in your dorm might turn out to be one of your lifelong friends!

A. Be mindful of shared spaces.

B. You can put up your favorite posters.

C. Learn to share your space with others.

D. The key to making it work is communication.

E. Don't make fun of people for being unlike you.

F. Make a cleaning plan everyone can follow for a clean room.

G. Different personalities often lead to interesting conversations.

AI is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. As a result, facial recognition is used a lot in the world. Chinese police use this technology to find out criminals (罪犯). Once they caught a criminal when he attended a concert. It also checks the ID of ride-hailing (网约车) drivers and lets people pay for things with a smile. AI is also used in self-driving cars, which are believed to be the future of driving. Most drivers may wave or nod at passers-by to let them cross the street, but self-driving cars don't have this ability. Car makers are testing a light signal system to help them "speak" to humans. The system can show what self-driving cars will do. For example, if a driverless car is giving way, it will flash two white lights side to side. A rapidly flashing light tells passers-by that the car is about to speed up.

Service robots also show you how powerful AI is. Imagine this — you come back home from school and your robot housekeeper is waiting for you at the door. After dinner, it teaches you to play the piano, just like a real music teacher. Such thoughts will soon happen in the real world. In the future, more and more service robots will become good home helpers.

AI is so powerful that it can help human beings and even replace us in many jobs. But while we enjoy its convenience, we also need to think about how to use it wisely — like protecting personal information and making sure it serves people in a safe and fair way.