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Generally, animals that live in cities tend to be bolder and more aggressive — both characteristics that enable them to survive in such complex habitats. "Individuals that can't deal with constant disturbance, such as noise, people, cars, etc., would be unlikely to thrive in an urban habitat," says Jeremy Hyman, a professor and department chair of biology at Western Carolina University.

Some birds may become more aggressive because cities are rich in food sources — and so there's strong competition to establish a foothold. "Only the most aggressive males can manage to hold a territory in this place where lots and lots of birds would like to have a territory," says Hyman.

But food scarcity may also make some urban species more aggressive, and so birds have to fight an awful lot in order to maintain a large enough territory to get the resources that they need. High levels of stress caused by noise and other factors might also play a role in making birds more aggressive, notes Hyman.

In some cases, aggression seems to be "a worthwhile cost," says Sarah Foltz, a behavioral ecologist at Radford University. However, a big unanswered question is whether birds learn to be aggressive during their lifetime. But what scientists do know is that some birds can be highly adaptable. "Aggression definitely has a genetic component to it," says Foltz. "But also, we know that when we change environmental factors, birds change their aggression."

Overall, Foltz says scientists are still trying to understand just how much urban density (密度) different species can tolerate and which characteristics of an urban environment influence aggressiveness the most. "We've got all these little pieces," she says, "But it's still coming to gather to make a bigger picture, so it's sort of an unfinished puzzle."

"When I was a kid, I'd lie on the floor above our garage so that I could feel the vibrations (震动) from my brother's band rocking out below my body. That was one of the first times I began building a relationship with music," said Burton.

In 2016, his ability to experience music changed completely, thanks to the California – based technology company Not Impossible Labs. It designed a vibrating suit that enables deaf people to "feel" music through their skin. The suit can translate audio (声音) into a range of vibrating pulses (脉冲) that are felt at 24 contact points. Burton has been wearing the suit for four years. "The sounddrubs different parts of my body," said Burton. "Maybe it will strike me in my ankles first. And then I'll start to feel the vibrations in my back and wrists."

The creators want to extend the musical experience beyond the deaf community. In 2018, they gave out 150 vibrating suits at a rock concert where half the audience members were deaf and half could hear. Since then, the creators have been working to improve the technology and want the suit to become a consumer product accessible to all, which will be used in live sports broadcasts, or video games.

As a writer and director, Burton has been working to make the movie world more inclusive. For his latest movie he hired all-deaf staff and actors. Burton hopes that the vibrating suits will be available to his film audiences in the future. He believes that the suits can improve emotions while people are watching a movie for normal people as well as the deaf. "I see the tech as a real opportunity to help people understand that music or movies don't always need to be enjoyed through the ears," said Burton.

Two days later, I was ready to learn more chords. I found Guitar Lessons from Howcast. There are over 140 video lessons. I spent most of the day learning chords. Every day, I added a new chord and then reviewed the ones I had learned. By the end of the first week I had learned about ten chords. By the end of the second week, I had learned about fifteen chords. The app also taught me how to play scales (音阶). I learned the Pentatonic scale and the Blues scale. At that time, I felt like I was ready to dive into some music.

I also enjoyed GuitarJamz where I found more lessons from Marty Schwartz. Besides, I downloaded Blues Guitar Licks Lessons and Solo Guitar Lessons. Marty had hundreds of lessons for free on his YouTube channel. I watched, learned and experimented to see what I could do.

Then, I felt that some of my favourite classic rock songs were pretty easy. As I expected, now I can play America's A Horse with No Name — two chords, The Beatles's Let it Be — four chords, and Cat Stevens's Peace Train — four chords.

Over the next few weeks I still watched YouTube videos and used chromatic Tuner. I also downloaded guitar sheet music through Songsterr Plus. This guitar learning app showed me how to read guitar tablature (奏法乐谱) and chord diagrams.

Emma and Sophia were the kind of friends who seemed to share a single mind most of the time, always there for each other through thick and thin. One sunny day, they decided to take on a project that would benefit their community — creating an environmental-awareness video.

They were both passionate about the environment and believed that a well-made video could inspire their neighbors to take more eco-friendly actions. At first, the project seemed full of promise. They spent days brainstorming ideas, researching environmental issues relevant to their area, and looking for locations for filming. However, as they delved (钻研) deeper into the actual planning of the video, they encountered a major roadblock.

The disagreement started when it came to the style of the video. Emma, who had a gift for drama and storytelling, wanted to create a narratively driven video. She created a story about a family gradually changing their habits to become more environmentally conscious (有环保意识的). She believed that a relatable story would touch people's heartstrings and make them more likely to pay attention. Sophia, on the other hand, was more data-oriented (以数据为导向的). She thought that a documentary-style video, filled with hard facts and statistics about local pollution and waste, would be more effective in getting the message across. She argued that people needed to be shocked into action by the realities.

As the discussion heated up, their once-harmonious relationship became strained. Their voices rose, and the air between them grew tense. They both felt strongly about their ideas and were unwilling to budge (改变意图). Eventually, they parted ways, each frustrated and disappointed in the other.

For the next few days, Emma and Sophia went about their lives feeling a sense of emptiness. Emma found herself constantly thinking about the project and Sophia. She missed their long conversations and the excitement they had at the beginning. She started to question whether her idea was really the only way. Similarly, Sophia was also feeling down. She missed Emma's creativity and the way they used to bounce ideas off each other.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

It was Emma's mother who first noticed the change in her daughter.

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Emma took her mother's advice.

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1. 时间地点;2活动内容。

注意：1. 词数80左右;

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jack,

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Yours,

Li Hua

With the rapid development of digital technologies and the broadening of various (category) of labor (劳动力), China has seen a large number of fresh professions in recent years.

Various new occupations have offered more employment options. A national classification (分类) of occupations. (publish) in 2022, showed that there were 1,639 identified occupations in China, 158 more than in 2015, of 6% were related to digital technology

Chinese youth are (ambitious) stepping into these new professions, ranging from AI architect and machine learning engineer to home-stay housekeeper and pet nurse, especially in the intense (compete) of the job market. Virtual architect, a profession to build a world in virtual space by (use) AI technology, is new occupation often linked to the games industry. Wang, who once mainly (study) gaming and entertainment art in college, is a newcomer in this field, but is very confident about the prospects of his job. "This technology has vast possibilities, and I can use it (represent) the whole world."

A report from 2023 showed that China's labor market had not fully adapted AI technology, while some white-collar occupations, such as marketing, finance and secretarial work, had borne the brunt (首当其冲) of this.

Last month, I paid a2 visit to him. It took me an hour to walk to his home. Upon arrival, I was3 by a chorus of "good morning" from his families. His4 with plugged holes in the roof and clay floor was bad. They were5 and lived without things we took for granted, such as electricity, running water,6, not to mention tablet. The only possessions I could7 were saucers, a kettle and a pan. His father with a strong8 and a wrinkled forehead led me to his house. His mother was disabled because of9 a rare disease. She had to10 from her job. Luckily, a volunteer doctor, who always11 the disabled, became her free consultant. I thought Sean lived an unhappy life. However, he sang a12 different tune to express his gratitude. He said he was happy with his family.

Looking at the13, I would relay the message to Sean that his optimistic attitude14 learning. And I prayed that all of my students could be positive like Sean when15 challenges.

As Alice Black points out, today's parents' fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and, thus, confident in themselves. Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book, The Life Cycle, mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery.

But Turner's other cycles are just as important. If these life cycles are delayed, interrupted, or denied, you feel incapable of accessing your states of self, controlling unpleasant feelings, and manipulating (操控) the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world.

Turner wisely said that "doing well" psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions, manage them, communicate clearly and well with others, and master various skills. This requires an internal locus (核心) of control, which implies self-control of your thoughts, feelings, and actions. You're self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are. And you know who you are within all this.

So, being an adult isn't just holding a job. Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions. We are a social species, so this is important.

While raising an adult is a parent's job, it's also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture (培养) emotional and identity development.

A. It's also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles.

B. They talk about someone's inability to support themselves through work.

C. It's being able to show understanding when communicating with others.

D. In other words, you're playing the game of life — life isn't playing you.

E. They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity.

F. You feel like an 18-year old, especially when playing 80s music.

G. When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity.

Food waste is a growing concern in the restaurant, supermarket, and supply chain industries. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use more of what we're already growing. But last month, one popular New York City restaurant tried a different way: It changed its menu to exclusively (专门) offer food that would otherwise be thrown away.

For two weeks in March, Greenwich Village's Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED, and served items like fried skate cartilage, a juice pulp burger, and a dumpster diver's vegetable salad. Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.

A study by the Food Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 pounds of food waste for every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and of that waste only 15.7% is donated or recycled. Up to 84.3% is simply thrown out. Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero-waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical conclusion.

It should be noted that none of the items on wastED's menu was technically made from garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples of meat cuts and produce that most restaurants would never consider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish collars, rejected sweet potatoes, and cucumber butts were all re-appropriated and, with the help of a number of good chefs, turned into excellent cuisine.

Though wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed from the start as a short-lived experiment; Blue Hill has since returned to its regular menu. Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability, and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything.

If you have, then you've probably noticed that there is always a busy but silent man or woman on the right side of the screen. These people are sign language interpreters.Thanks to the team of seven, people with hearing loss can receive timely and accurate pandemic information.

The job is not easy. It's a real test of one's knowledge. During one press conference, Dr. Zhang Wenhong used a few medical terms. They were hard for ordinary people to understand. But Tang Wenyan, one of the interpreters, managed to communicate their meanings to people who cannot hear. "For cycle threshold, for example, I interpreted it as an important value," she said. We need to make our interpretations as easy to understand as possible.

Tang has had 16 years of experience in sign language interpretation. The woman picked up sign language out of curiosity. Later, after discovering a serious shortage of sign language interpreters, she decided to build a career out of it. Tang admits that her job is tiring. However, she really wants to do her bit to make her city a better place. Behind the hard work, she says, is the wish to help people who cannot hear to overcome the difficulties they meet with in their lives.

Such efforts seem to be paying off. Tang and her colleagues have won lots of praise from the deaf community. More importantly, many people have become interested in sign language after watching their interpretations.

Perhaps one day you, too, can join the interpreters to become a "bridge" between the deaf community and the rest of society.