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1、 阅读理解
Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth – they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.
Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes – then filtering it after it cools – could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics.
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn't include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types – polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene – and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure – a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.
Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are – but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. "The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice," Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer at the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. "We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics."
(1)、How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph?A、By quoting an expert. B、By defining a concept. C、By giving examples. D、By providing statistics.(2)、What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water?A、The hardness of water. B、The length of cooling time. C、The frequency of filtering. D、The type of plastic in water.(3)、What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4?A、The importance of plastic recycling. B、The severity of the microplastic problem. C、The danger in overusing pure water. D、The difficulty in treating polluted water.(4)、What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about?A、Choice of new research methods. B、Possible direction for further study. C、Need to involve more researchers. D、Potential application of the findings. -
2、 阅读理解
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there's too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets andTransform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives.
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion "New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through." Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think differently about that street outside your front door.
(1)、What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1?A、Cars often get stuck on the road. B、Traffic accidents occur frequently. C、People walk less and drive more. D、Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.(2)、What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do?A、Keep their cities livable. B、Promote cultural diversity. C、Help the needy families. D、Make expressways accessible.(3)、What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s?A、They boosted the sales of cars. B、They turned out largely ineffective. C、They won government support. D、They advocated building new parks.(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?A、Why the Rush? B、What's Next? C、Where to Stay? D、Who to Blame? -
3、 阅读理解
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.
But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: "Why is writing important?" Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important. This would have to change.
As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance – the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
(1)、Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1?A、Ninth graders. B、Students' parents. C、Modern writers. D、Fictional characters.(2)、Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay?A、They were not given enough time. B、They had a very limited vocabulary. C、They misunderstood the question. D、They had little interest in the topic.(3)、What does the underlined word "staggering" in paragraph 3 mean?A、Mixed. B、Amazing. C、Similar. D、Disturbing.(4)、What does the author's experience show?A、Teaching is learning. B、Still waters run deep. C、Knowledge is power. D、Practice makes perfect. -
4、 阅读理解
The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation – which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is "a little bit mind-blowing," says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. "We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used," says Wipke.
(1)、What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018?A、11.6%. B、45.1%. C、74.5%. D、86.1%.(2)、Which mode of transport can go green comparatively easily?A、Planes. B、Trucks. C、Trains. D、Ships.(3)、What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition?A、Limiting fuel consumption. B、Putting more effort into renewables. C、Improving energy efficiency. D、Making electricity more affordable. -
5、 假设你是李华,你打算利用假期出国旅游。请你就此给你
美国笔友 Michael发一封电子邮件,谈论你出国旅游的原因,并邀请Michael有时间来中国。要点如下:
1.出国旅游很有意义;
2.开阔眼界,了解国外的风俗和历史;
3.和来自不同文化背景的人交朋友,学习外语
4.放松身心,欣赏美景
注意:1.词数80左右(信的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Michael.
How are you? These days, I am planning to travel abroad during the vacation.
……
Yours truly,
Li Hua
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6、 我希望你在桂林玩的开心。(汉译英)
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7、 李华每天花一个小时运动。(汉译英)
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8、 我们应该对我们说过的话负责。(汉译英)
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9、 期待很快能见到你。(汉译英)
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10、 这里美丽的风景给我的朋友们留下了深刻的印象。(汉译英)
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11、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On March 3, 2022, Jiang Mengnan(receive) the "Touching China" (感动中国) award for 2021.
In 1992, Jiang Mengnan was born in Hunan. When she was six (month) old, she lost her hearing. From then on, she couldn't hear anything at all and (she) world became silent. Her parents began to teach her to read people's lips (嘴唇) and speak. It was not easy, but her parents never gave up. After a lot practice, Jiang Mengnan learned to speak.
When Jiang Mengnan(be) old enough, she went to school. She tried to understand what the teachers said by (read) their lips. She worked very hard and overcame a lot of difficulties. She (final) became a top student. In 2011, she got a high score in gaokao and went to Jilin University. In 2018, she was accepted by Tsinghua University as a PhD (博士) student.
"I think I am(luck). I want to thank my parents, teachers and friends, have been helping me all the time. And best way to pay them back is to do something good for society," Jiang Mengnan said.
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12、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tim Cameron lost his wallet. Luckily a kind man went out of his way to get his lost wallet back to (he) in a creative manner.
Tim Cameron lost his wallet on the way home from work and person who found it got in touch with him through his bank account. He sent four transfers (转账) of £0.01 each with a reference (附注) spelling out the (intend) of contacting the person who received it.
Deeply (move) by the man, Tim Cameron shared it on Twitter. He said, "I lost my wallet on the way home from work accident. I didn't have many things in the wallet (indicate) my personal information, so the kind man got in touch with me through four transfers of £0.01 each with a reference up to 18 characters and (eventual) returned my wallet to me."
The lovely tweet (view) by more than 33,000 people. One viewer, James Dartnell, said, "It is an absolute legend, makes me realize that there are truly good people out there. It is (amaze) to see not everyone is untrustworthy (不可信的)."
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13、 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
On August 23, my son went biking in the mountain with his friends. 1 , we were waiting at home with lunch ready around noon. At 12: 15, he still didn't 2 . Then we got the 3 news that he was badly hurt when doing a relatively easy jump.
We 4 up the mountain in the car and got him to the 5 for X- rays. We were told that one of his leg bones was broken and that he had to 6 for at least 6 weeks. My son is a (n) 7 boy, who loves soccer, biking, running, climbing, swimming, etc. When all the outdoor activities were 8 put on hold (暂停) , I taught him to regard it as a chance to 9 about the inner world. We started talking about beliefs, feelings, 10 , trust, and kindness. He was 11 used to his new life.
My son fell because he didn't focus his attention. He told me that it was a super- easy jump so he didn't spend any time 12 . Kids may not be very focused because they are always trying to test their limits, showing off, or getting lost in their thoughts. This injury (受伤) helped our son see the 13 of focusing his mind and body.
I would never wish an injury in anyone; yet it is an immediate way to learn how to be patient in our life. My biggest 14 has been that my son may have learned more from this injury than anything else he's gone through this year, and, hopefully, this 15 will be memorized by him forever in his life.
(1)A 、 In all B 、 By mistake C 、 In short D 、 As usual(2)A 、 show up B 、 set off C 、 turn around D 、 look up(3)A 、 interesting B 、 terrible C 、 encouraging D 、 boring(4)A 、 cycled B 、 jumped C 、 walked D 、 raced(5)A 、 hospital B 、 camp C 、 theatre D 、 park(6)A 、 search B 、 rest C 、 exercise D 、 train(7)A 、 independent B 、 shy C 、 athletic D 、 smart(8)A 、 secretly B 、 hardly C 、 suddenly D 、 regularly(9)A 、 worry B 、 bring C 、 argue D 、 learn(10)A 、 fears B 、 prizes C 、 clothes D 、 balls(11)A 、 safely B 、 slowly C 、 blindly D 、 sadly(12)A 、 reading B 、 listening C 、 preparing D 、 communicating(13)A 、 sign B 、 danger C 、 possibility D 、 importance(14)A 、 comfort B 、 failure C 、 joke D 、 risk(15)A 、 match B 、 experience C 、 resource D 、 drama -
14、 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The freezing cold winter really prevents me from going to Beibei District, Chongqing. You really can't imagine how cold a southern China city can be until you experience a winter there. However, while beneath three quilts (被子), I found it still first wet and then cold. Without the wetness, there will be no coldness, for which spicy (辛辣的) food has been popular since very long time ago.
The hotness and wetness is really beyond imagination. While you are out, with shade everywhere but useless to prevent the high temperature, what you have to put up with is wetness added to hotness. Among the famous spicy foods, hotpot is the most preferred by both natives and newcomers from other provinces as well as foreign countries, as can be seen from the fact that Chongqing is an international city.
As the home of beauties and bridges, it is also a charming city of mountains and rivers, of which I prefer Jialing River most with its green water running smoothly.
People there are very kind especially the old people enjoying a comfortable life either in the shade of trees swinging their fans or playing chess on a square. Living in Chongqing is not a bad choice.
A. The steaming hot summer prevents me from going there, too.
B. The winter in Chongqing is pretty cold, which is beyond my imagination.
C. All in all, what I had experienced there really left me a deep impression.
D. I still remember when I was in Southwest University, I had to keep warm with three quilts.
E. Beauties in Chongqing are quite charming as well as knowledgeable.
F. Although it has disadvantages, Chongqing has many advantages over other cities.
G. Ancestors in Chongqing were so intelligent that they knew spicy foods could make the weather easy and enjoyable to tolerate.
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15、 阅读理解
Summer in Europe is very nice for us to visit one of our favourite cities for a break. Below we have put together a short list of our favourite summer break locations (地方) that offer a great balance of culture, sunshine and fun.
Berlin, the second most populous city in the European Union, gets the third place on our list. It has three famous airports: Tegel International Airport, Tempelhof International Airport, and Schonefeld International Airport.
The capital of Germany is on this list not only because it is a fantastic place to go on holiday but also since it teaches a very important lesson to humanity (人,人性). The Berlin Wall, the better part of which still remains well kept for educational and amusement (娱乐) aims, reminds us of the extra costs paid by everyone. Today, the undamaged part of the Wall, known as the East Side Gallery, shows striking murals (壁画); if you are interested in this chapter (时期) of the city's history, there is also a Berlin Wall Memorial you would want to visit. The Potsdamer Platz, divided into two by the Wall, is a newly developed area that is famous for a large shopping center and movie theatre complexes (混合体), and adds a bit of modern colour to Berlin's historical value.
Much like the other places that made the list, Berlin is also a city of art. The city has over one hundred and fifty museums in all, and a few of the ones providing an extraordinary experience include the Art Center Berlin Friedrichstrabe, the Museum of Indian Art, and the Museum of East Asian Art. Appreciating Berlin's art is much like taking a university course in itself and it can only be truly appreciated in several trips.
(1)、Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in this passage?A、Berlin is a city with a large population in Europe. B、Berlin has many parks and bridges. C、Berlin is a city with many museums. D、Berlin is the capital city of Germany.(2)、From the passage, visitors can enjoy ____.A、beautiful sights B、striking murals C、art museums D、all the above(3)、What is the main idea of the third paragraph?A、The reasons for Berlin to be chosen on the list. B、Berlin's modern developments. C、Berlin's historical feature. D、The significance (意义) of the Berlin Wall.(4)、If Peter is interested in German history, he should visit ____ .A、the Art Center Berlin Friedrichstrabe B、the Museum of Indian Art C、the Berlin Wall Memorial D、movie theatre complexes -
16、 阅读理解
This is a story between a woman and a tree in America.
Julia Hill was born in 1974. As she grew up, she realized it was important to protect trees. At the age of 23, she heard some bad news one day. A company wanted to cut down part of a forest in California. In the forest there was a 1,000-year-old redwood tree, which was 70 metres tall! Julia wasn't happy about this. She thought, "If I sit in the redwood tree, the company can't cut it down."
So she traveled to California to protect the redwood tree. In order to stop the company, Julia climbed up the redwood tree, built a small treehouse and lived in it. Her friends cooked food for her every day. Many news reporters came to interview her. Julia talked to those reporters by mobile phone.
Many people supported Julia, but other people were not on her side. They tried to stop her. The company used a helicopter to fly around her treehouse. It made a lot of noise and brought strong wind. But nothing could stop Julia. She stayed in the redwood tree for two years and eight days.
In the end, Julia was successful. The company agreed not to cut down the redwood tree. Julia and her friends became very happy.
(1)、Where did the story happen?A、In England. B、In C、In Australia. D、In America.(2)、Why did Julia travel to California?A、To make a speech on TV. B、To visit her friends. C、To protect the redwood tree. D、To have a meeting.(3)、What does "other people were not on her side" in Paragraph 4 mean?A、Other people did not support her. B、Other people liked her idea. C、Other people did not talk to her. D、Other people agreed with her.(4)、What would be the best title for the text?A、A Woman and a House B、A Woman and a Tree C、A Woman and a Phone D、A Woman and a Helicopter -
17、 阅读理解
Peter's uncle lives in the country. He is a man full of humor (幽默). One day, Peter went to see his uncle. His uncle drove his car to the station to meet him. On their way home, they saw many people. His uncle waved (挥手) to everybody. Peter was surprised (惊奇) and said, "Uncle, you wave to everybody. Do you know all of them?"
"No, Peter," answered his uncle. "When I wave to someone who knows me, he'll feel happy. When I wave to someone and he doesn't know me, he will feel surprised and then he will have something to think about, he will make his road seem shorter (更短). So I can make everybody happy."
(1)、Peter's uncle is____.A、a strange man B、a humorous man C、a kind man D、a happy man(2)、Peter and his uncle went home____.A、by car B、on foot C、by hike D、by train(3)、Peter's uncle ____there.A、knows some of those people B、doesn't know anybody C、knows everybody D、doesn't know those people(4)、Peter's uncle wanted to____.A、make someone unhappy B、make someone happy C、make everybody unhappy D、make everybody happy -
18、 阅读理解
My name is Zhou Luyang. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and I. I'm a twelve-year-old girl. I like listening to music. I often read books in the evening after doing my homework. So I am good at learning Chinese, and I can finish my Chinese homework well.
My favourite colours are green, pink and red. I like listening to music when I amtired. I like Jay Chows songs. I can sing many of his songs.
My father is a maths teacher. He works in a primary school. He usually goes to work on foot because the school is near our home. When I meet some difficult maths problems, I often ask my father for help. My mother is a worker in a big factory. She sometimes works at night and sleeps the next day. I love my parents very much.
I have many friends because I like to help others. I can get help from my friends too. This is me, a happy girl.
(1)、How many people are there in Zhou Luyang's family?A、3. B、4. C、5. D、6.(2)、What subject does Zhou Luyang's father teach in a primary school?A、English. B、 C、Maths. D、PE.(3)、Which of the following is NOT true?A、Zhou Luyang has many friends. B、Zhou Luyang likes reading books very much. C、Zhou Luyang likes green, pink and red very much. D、Zhou Luyang's mother never works at night. -
19、 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In a small village in the Philippines, there lived a family of five. The parents, Juan and Maria, had three children: two boys and a girl. They lived in a small house made of bamboo, surrounded by many trees and the sound of the nearby river.
Juan and Maria lived a happy life with their three children: Miguel, Jose and Ana. The eldest son, Miguel, was a hardworking young man who helped his father with the farm work. He was responsible and always took care of his younger brother and sister. The couple always told their children that they were happy as long as the family was together. Though Jose and Ana were too young to understand that, Miguel, who treasured a photo of his family, bore that in mind.
One day, while the family was having dinner, they heard a loud knock on the door. It was the village chief. who had come to deliver some bad news: The village was in danger of being flooded due to heavy rain, and they needed to evacuate(撤离)immediately.
Juan and Maria quickly gathered their children and some essentials, and they set off towards the evacuation center. Before leaving for the center, Miguel took the precious family photo in a hurry. The journey was long and full of danger, with the rain pouring down heavily and the wind beating them violently. The children were scared and tired, but Juan and Maria held their hands to reassure them, telling them that everything was going to be alright.
When they finally reached the evacuation center, they were greeted by other families who had also been forced to leave their homes. The center was crowded and uncomfortable, but the family was grateful to have a roof over their heads and some food to eat.
Days turned into weeks, and Juan and Maria grew restless. They missed their home and their farm, and they were worried about what would happen to their crops. Several weeks later, the day came when the floodwaters slowly receded(消退).
注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Juan and Maria decided to take their children back home.
……
"No! We still have something precious," said Miguel.
……
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20、 假定你是李华,你的留学生朋友William邀请你参加他本周六的生日派对,但你因故无法前往,特提前给他邮寄了一份礼物。请你给他写封邮件,内容包括:
1.表达歉意并说明原因;
2.提醒他查收礼物。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear William.
……
Yours,
Li Hua