相关试卷
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1、 阅读理解
Are you a fan of birds? If so, you may have admired their beautiful colors and sweet songs. But do you know these feathered friends can actually do more than that?
A new study published in the journal Scientific Reports finds that exposure to birds, either in the home or outdoors, can boost people's moods.
Researchers at King's College London used a smartphone app built by the school's Urban Mind project to collect the real-time feelings of study participants upon seeing or hearing a bird. A total of 1,292 people living in the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States participated in the study which was conducted between April 2018 and October 2021.
The app asked participants three times a day whether they could see or hear a bird followed by a series of questions on their mental well-being. Participants were also asked questions about whether they could see trees, plants or hear any water to see if people were experiencing better mental well-being due to being in or seeing nature, and not just because of exposure to birds.
According to the study, the mental well-being of study participants with and without depression was significantly improved after seeing a bird or hearing birdsong compared to not seeing or hearing a bird.
There is a growing number of studies that link spending time outdoors (either in green leafy places or next to bodies of water) to improved mental health. But there are few studies that look at how different aspects of nature can play into humans' mental well-being.
And while the study adds to the small pile of research on birds and mental health, the report marks the first time researchers have studied the responses to birds and mental well-being in real-time, according to Ryan Hammoud, lead author of the study.
"They kind of examine nature as a single object when nature includes many different characteristics and features like trees, plants, water, birds," said Hammoud, "We choose to focus on bird life to try and understand which specific characteristics of nature benefit mental well-being."
(1)、What is the purpose of paragraph 1?A、To introduce a phenomenon. B、To bring in the topic. C、To ask an interesting question. D、To provide background information.(2)、How did the researchers conduct the study?A、By analyzing previous studies. B、By observing the behavior of birds. C、By gathering feelings of participants. D、By studying people's effect on birds.(3)、What does Hammoud think of the new study?A、Pioneering. B、Interesting. C、Conventional. D、Practical.(4)、What is the main idea of the text?A、Bird watching has become a popular hobby. B、Exposure to birds can improve mental well-being. C、Nature is the best medicine for mental health issues. D、Spending time outdoors can impact mental health positively. -
2、 阅读理解
On Nov.13, 2023, the Kenyan government announced a surprise public holiday for a nationwide tree planting day, part of its plan to plant 15 billion trees by 2032.
"This Monday on Nov.13, the public across the country were expected to plant trees as a contribution to the national efforts to save our country from the terrible effects of climate change," said Kindiki, the Home Minister of Kenya.
Kenya's present forest coverage stands at about 7%. Deforestation speeds up climate change, which is worsening droughts in the Horn of Africa, including Kenya, where rains have failed for five seasons in a row. So the government has set aside more than $ 80 million this year, managing to augment tree coverage to more than 10%.
"It is a moment for Kenyans to stand together in the defense of our environment," said Soipan Tuya, the Environment Minister. He referred to the day as "a ‘hummingbird(s)' contribution day". Hummingbirds are small birds, but they play an important part in the environment by pollinating(授粉)flowers.
He added, "Having been planting trees for most of my life, I thought I was doing rather well, but the government's plan to plant 15 billion trees by 2032 was ‘an unprecedented(史无前例的)show of promise by the government towards our climate action duties.'"
(1)、What is the purpose of the public holiday?A、To increase economic income. B、To encourage people to plant trees. C、To allow people to get more rest. D、To remind people to get close to nature.(2)、Which word is the closest in meaning to "augment" in paragraph 3?A、Increase. B、Figure. C、Record. D、Stop.(3)、What does Soipan Tuya want to say by referring to the day as "a ‘hummingbird' contribution day"?A、We should get on well with birds. B、No contribution is too small to leave an impact. C、Each animal is important to nature. D、It is time to protect hummingbirds.(4)、What is the best title for the text?A、Kenya Is Taking Action to Protect Wildlife B、Kenya Is in Face of Environmental Problems C、Kenya Improves Relationships with Their Neighbors D、Kenya Surprises the Public with a Holiday to Plant Trees -
3、 阅读理解
On a Saturday morning last November, I got up at 5 to be at the Armory track on 168th Street in Harlem, a neighborhood in Manhattan for the girls'4×2 relay race (接力赛).
I joined the team when I was a freshman at Abraham Lincoln High School. I hadn't considered it until a girl came up to me and said, "You look like a good runner. Would you like to join the track team?" She thought I would make a good runner because she saw my legs and arms were built, but I was just naturally slim.
I was excited and surprised, "I don't know. What do I have to do?"
"It is a lot of hard work and devotion. It's not easy."
She was right. My team had practice every day from 3:30 to 6 except for Fridays. When we didn't have practice, I'd run on my own on the boardwalk. I got faster and focused. Track helped me get away from troubles. Arguments with my mom, problems with schoolwork, and dramas with the kids at school. I felt calm every time I ran.
I got to the Armory at 7. My team was already there. We gave each other hugs and high fives. When the officials called for the relay race, I went out to the starting line. Then the gun went off. As I pounded the track, I was focusing so much on myself. I started running away from my problems. I couldn't see anyone or anything but the finish line. Everything else was just a blur. I fought to the finish line. I wasn't only fighting against the other teams; I was also fighting to win my battle against my stress.
I could feel the wind blowing against my skin. I felt like I was flying. My stress disappeared. I came in second as I passed the baton (接力棒) to my teammate.
(1)、Why did the author take up running?A、By chance. B、Due to stress. C、Out of interest. D、For weight loss.(2)、What benefit did the author get from running?A、Having a regular life style. B、Escaping from her problems. C、Doing well in school work. D、Getting along well with Mom.(3)、What does paragraph 6 mainly talk about?A、The running process. B、The team spirit. C、The training hardship. D、The race purpose.(4)、What can we learn form the passage?A、Every dog has its day. B、Challenges build character. C、Talent is the key to success. D、Accidents can lead to the right path. -
4、 阅读理解
Newport, a beachfront city of beauty and excitement, is popular among tourists. Check out the top things to do in this wonderful city.
The Wedge
Whether you're a passionate surfer, or you simply want to relax and watch the daring wave runners and body surfers, the Wedge is the perfect place to spend your afternoon. The Wedge has some of the largest waves in Southern California, measuring up to 30 feet. Obviously, it's not a place for beginner swimmers or young children.
Balboa Fun Zone
The small park is full of fun activities for children, and with views of the Pacific, they are sure to enjoy their time. This boatyard-turned-amusement park has been in operation since the mid-1900s. Over time, more and more activities have been added, and nowadays there are enough features to keep you busy for hours.
Fashion Island
Fashion Island is a shoppers' paradise, featuring more than 100 brand-name stores, including large chain stores like Macy's and Neiman Marcus. It also shelters a variety of local and upscale dining options, a Whole Foods Market and a movie theater. Children can enjoy playing with the little games scattered around the area while parents are shopping.
Newport Beach Whale Watching
Newport Beach is one of the country's best whale watching destinations. In winter and early spring, you'll catch sight of gray whales migrating south to give birth to their calves; they'll turn around and head north around April or May. In summer and fall, blue whales are often found swimming in the waters surrounding Newport Beach.
(1)、What's an advantage of the Wedge?A、It offers free swimming lessons. B、It features fun activities for children. C、It is popular for family vacations. D、It is a great beach to enjoy surfing.(2)、Which is suitable for those who want to taste the local specialties?A、The Wedge. B、Fashion Island. C、Balboa Fun Zone. D、Newport Beach Whale Watching.(3)、When can visitors see gray whales and their calves?A、Around April or May. B、All year round. C、In winter and early spring. D、In summer and fall. -
5、 假定你是李华,为了弘扬科学精神,你校将举办一场主题为"科学就在身边"的英语演讲比赛。你希望参加比赛。请根据以下要点撰写一篇英文演讲稿。内容应包括:1.你对科学的定义;2.科学在身边的实例;3.呼吁科学探索与实践。
注意:1. 写作词数应为100左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear fellow students,
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6、 根据文本内容从方框中选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填入文本图示中,每词限用一次,有两词为多余项。
Poor Bobby was getting cold sitting out in the backyard in the snow. With only one dime(10美分硬币) in hand, he could not come up with an idea for his mother's birthday gift. Ever since his father had passed away, the family of five had struggled. Although the family was short of money, they had love and family unity(团结).
Bobby had three sisters, all of whom had already made beautiful gifts for their mother. Wiping tears from his eyes, Bobby kicked the snow and started to walk down to the street where the stores opened.
Anyway, he wanted to try his luck.
Bringing together all his courage, he walked into the first store he saw. His heart quickly turned cold when salesperson after salesperson told him that he could not buy anything with only a dime. Finally he saw a flower shop and went inside to wait in line. When the shop owner asked if he could help him, Bobby presented the dime and asked if he could buy one flower for his mother. The shop owner looked at Bobby and his dime. Then he put his hand on Bobby's shoulder gently and said, "You just wait here and I'll see what I can do for you." Then the shop owner left. All alone in the shop, Bobby began to feel alone and afraid.
After a little while, the shop owner came out with a bunch of red roses, with leaves of green and tiny white flowers all tied together with a big silver bow.
How might the shop owner feel when he heard Bobby's words?
How might Bobby react when he saw the roses? Why?
What might the shop owner do next?
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7、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The market for wearable technology in the past few years has been on a rapid rise. We seem to have too much attachment to data accessible on those devices. is it a good thing that we're relying on technology more often than not, recording every step we take? Can those tools really maximize your workout benefits? The real questions surround not the (wear), but the wearer.
The challenge for athletes (look) to up their game with data is finding the type of information that is most helpful. If you are hoping to run faster and want to try moderating your pace based on heart rate "zones," a wearable can help you do so. However, for professionals and those who are new working out, less is more.
Earlier this month, Sara Hall, a professional marathon runner competing in the U. S. Olympic marathon trials, actually (throw) away her GPS watch midrace (avoid) distraction. Similarly, for beginner runners, it's more important to learn to listen to your body's signals — tiredness, (ache), bursts of energy—— to track your pace or heart rate. Depending on what those goals are, there might be ways to achieve them that are more cost (effect), more fun, more convenient. Dr. Ethan Weiss, a physician at the University of California tells his patients that a different item (attach) at your wrist, like a leash, is more likely to pull you toward more activity.
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8、 阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、 C、D 四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For the past 18 years, my daughter has been around me all the time. Now that she is in college, the1 of our relationship has totally changed and our relationship is completely 2 . I'm not going to be there every morning to have breakfast with her. I won't know when she's mad or when she's happy. Here's a little story of our new 3 .
A week ago, my daughter wanted to 4 so she called me during the day as I was in meetings. I5 her later on, but she was in class. At midnight, she reached out 6 to ask if we could talk. Well, guess what? I was 7 . I thought we would talk the next day, but she was not 8 .
Research shows that parents are 9 when their children are grow n up, but for me that is when I start to get concerned. I am always left to 10 , how can I, as a parent, remain 11 to my daughter to guide, support and love through life's changes?
We may have to 12 the way we communicate. My daughter encouraged me to go digital. That's how I ventured into the world of social media, following her updates and occasionally sharing my own experiences. Through this 13 presence, the physical gap is 14 and I feel I still have an active role in her life. This experience serves as a reminder that 15 , however scary, holds the promise of growth in our shared journey.
(1)A 、 problem B 、 progress C 、 goal D 、 context(2)A 、 cold B 、 special C 、 different D 、 casual(3)A 、 normal B 、 idea C 、 approach D 、 solution(4)A 、 catch up B 、 take over C 、 check out D 、 break away(5)A 、 visited B 、 touched C 、 tried D 、 emailed(6)A 、 by taxi B 、 by text C 、 in private D 、 in person(7)A 、 stupid B 、 angry C 、 excited D 、 asleep(8)A 、 available B 、 interested C 、 ready D 、 guilty(9)A 、 saddest B 、 busiest C 、 happiest D 、 best(10)A 、 decide B 、 wonder C 、 investigate D 、 distinguish(11)A 、 kind B 、 appreciative C 、 sensitive D 、 relevant(12)A 、 voice B 、 ignore C 、 shift D 、 continue(13)A 、 human B 、 virtual C 、 physical D 、 permanent(14)A 、 widened B 、 formed C 、 broken D 、 bridged(15)A 、 college B 、 relationship C 、 change D 、 communication -
9、 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It's no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news. Like, would you rather bite into a lemon, or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade?
The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert(警觉的)to what's going on around us. While reading traditional, more negative news is important, consuming good news is also part of staying informed. And it also brings meaningful benefits, like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement, community building skills, and inspiration for creating a better world. Plus, knowing what to look for in the good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news consumers.
In fact, good news, known as solutions journalism, is becoming more popular, as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories. Good Good Good is one of them. Ateam of reporters and editor s there work daily to deliver stories that make readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.
"If it bleeds, it leads." has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence, death and destruction draw readers' attention. The thing is, however, there's also good stuff out there—the delightful and kind parts of humanity. "Beautiful stories are happening worldwide.When you do find them, the world can suddenly feel like a very different place. Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the world and solving the world's problems." Hervey, one of Good Good 's editors said.
A. Share good news with people around you.
B. It's just that we don't hear as much about them.
C. But the "bad news" has its place in the world.
D. It provides a more balanced view of the world.
E. And so, negative news stories are everywhere on news media.
F. Heartwarming stories make you cry and feel good.
G. The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.
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10、 阅读理解
When middle school math teachers completed an online professional development (PD) program that uses artificial intelligence to improve their math knowledge and teaching skills, their students' math performance improved.
This online professional development program relies on a virtual facilitator to present problems and provide feedback, aiming to enhance teachers' master y of knowledge and skills required. It covers why mathematical rules and procedures work and focuses on helping students employ instructional tools and strategies to overcome common struggles.
An experiment was conducted in which 53 middle school math teachers were randomly assigned to either this Al-based professional development or no additional training. On average, teachers spent 11 hours to complete the program. We then gave 1,727 of their students a math test. While students of these two groups of teachers started off with no difference in their math performance, the students taught by teachers who completed the program increased their mathematics performance by 0.18 points on average. This is a statistically significant gain that is equal to the average math performance difference between sixth and seventh graders in the study.
Teachers often have limited access to high-quality PD programs to improve their knowledge and teaching skills. Time conflicts or living in rural areas that are far from in-person professional development programs can prevent teachers from receiving the support they need. Additionally, many existing in-person professional development programs for teachers have little impact on student achievement. AI-based PD programs include opportunities for teachers to observe teaching practices. Teachers also receive real-time support from the program facilitators. The Al-supported virtual facilitator acting as a human instructor gives teachers authentic teaching activities to work on, asks questions and provides real-time feedback and guidance.
Advancements in AI technologies will allow researchers to develop more interactive, personalized learning environments for teachers. More importantly, AI-based PD programs can collect rich, real-time interaction data, which help make programs more effective. Despite billions of dollars being spent each year on professional development for teachers, research suggests that how teachers learn through professional development is not yet well understood.
(1)、What was the goal of the online professional development program?A、To create widely accessible methods B、To improve teachers' teaching skills. C、To solve students' common problems. D、To analyze students' math performance.(2)、How did the students taught by the teachers of the AI-based PD program perform?A、They exhibited statistically significant improvement. B、They performed even better than the seventh graders. C、They solved the math problem faster than the average. D、They started with lower performance but ended higher.(3)、How does the author highlight AI-based PD programs in paragraph 4?A、By listing current shortcomings. B、By clarifying essential concepts. C、By providing theoretical models. D、By comparing different trainings.(4)、What can we infer from the last paragraph?A、There is a demand for larger investments in professional development. B、AI technologies have helped us figure out how teachers learn in trainings. C、The expected benefits of teacher training programs have yet to be realized. D、It is a must for teachers to complete the professional development programs. -
11、 阅读理解
Her face is framed by wavy brown hair extensions, her filled lips pursed towards the viewer. It could be a description of an Instagram post, but the touched-up (修改过的) beauty is Diana Cecil, an English noblewoman who belongs to a powerful family at the Jacobean court. Experts at English Heritage have discovered that her portrait had been altered by restorers to enhance certain features, suggesting that our modern beauty standards might not be so modern after all.
The great-grand-daughter of William Cecil, Lord Burghley, one of Elizabeth I's closest advisers, Diana was considered one of the great beauties of her age. Yet it seems a later artist had other ideas. A restorer, probably in the 19th century, worked on the painting after it was damaged from being rolled sideways. It seems they also took the opportunity to alter the noblewoman's face, enlarging her lips and lowering her hairline to reduce the size of her forehead.
Now, following careful conservation work, Cecil's original appearance has been restored, with the full-length portrait-painted by Cornelius Johnson when Cecil was about 31. The conservation team discovered the changes made to the Johnson painting after removing a yellowing layer of oily liquid that had covered its original, more vivid colors. They also surprisedly found the artist's signature, and a date that had been signed in the portrait's curtain suggesting it was finished in1634 and not 1638 as previously thought.
According to Alice Tate-Harte, a conservator at English Heritage, it was not uncommon for people to ‘sweeten' old paintings in the 19th and early 20th centuries. "Conservation wasn't a profession, they weren't working in institutions with salaries," she said. "They were artist restorers and they had a bit more flexibility to prettify and beautify, whereas we have a lot more ethics today. we must keep our retouching to a minimum. I hope I've done Dian a justice by removing those additions and presenting her natural face to the world."
(1)、What does the discovery of experts at English Heritage suggest?A、Prettiness is in the eyes of the viewer. B、Every great artist was once an amateur. C、Past norms may repeat themselves at present. D、Beauty souls shine brighter than appearances.(2)、What do we know about the original portrait of Diana Cecil?A、The original beauty failed to entertain the restorer B、The portrait was in fact painted for William Cecil. C、The painter intended to hide the beauty of Diana. D、The age of Diana was exposed by her hairline.(3)、Which of the following is an unexpected finding from the conservation work?A、The addition of the bright color. B、The portrait's date of completion. C、The removal of the artist's signature. D、The extent of damage to the painting.(4)、What does Alice think is the duty of art conservation?A、It means an artistic way of living. B、It depends on artists' preference. C、It requires ethical considerations. D、It represents the fashion of time. -
12、 阅读理解
In the late 1930s, people could donate blood, but very few hospitals could store it for later use. Whole blood breaks down quickly, and there were no methods at the time for safely preserving it. As a result, hospitals often did not have the appropriate blood type when patients needed it. Charles Drew, a Black surgeon and researcher, helped solve this monumental problem for medicine, earning him the title "Father of the Blood Bank."
In 1938, while obtaining his doctorate in medicine, Drew became a fellow at Columbia University's Presbyterian Hospital in New York. He studied the storage and distribution of blood, including the separation of its components, and applied his findings to an experimental blood bank at the hospital.
As Drew was finishing his degree at Columbia, World War II was erupting in Europe. Great Britain was asking the United States for desperately needed plasma(血浆) to help victims. Given his expertise, Drew was selected to be the medical director for the Blood for Britain campaign. Using Presbyterian Hospital's blood bank as a model, Dre w established uniform procedures and standards for collecting blood and processing blood plasma from nine New York hospitals. The five-month campaign collected donations from15,000 Americans and was considered a success. His discoveries and his leadership saved countless lives.
With the increasing likelihood that the nation would be draw n into war, the United States wanted to capitalize on what Drew had learned from the campaign. He was appointed as the assistant director of a three-month pilot program to mass-produce dried plasma in New York, which became the model for the first Red Cross blood bank. His innovations for this program included mobile blood donation stations, later called bloodmobiles.
(1)、What problem did hospitals face in the late 1930s regarding blood donations?A、The shortage of blood donors. B、The inability to preserve blood. C、The challenge of blood infection. D、The failure to identify blood types.(2)、How did Drew contribute to the Blood for Britain campaign?A、He gathered different standards for the blood collection. B、He worked on the bloodmobiles for easy access to donors. C、He helped send life-saving drugs overseas to aid in the war. D、He organized the collection and processing of blood plasma.(3)、Which of the following best describes the three-month pilot program?A、Groundbreaking. B、Unpredictable. C、Economical. D、Controversial.(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?A、The life of Dr. Charles Drew. B、The inventor of the Blood Bank. C、A Savior of Lives during Wartime. D、A Pioneer in Blood Transportation. -
13、 阅读理解
Clifton College's The English Experience
Location: Bristol
Ages:12 to 17
Fees:2 Weeks:£2740;3 Weeks:£4110;4 Weeks:£5480
Start Dates:9,16,23,30 July & 6,13 August 2023
The English Experience challenges students while building their confidence in English and many other skills that are useful inside and outside the classroom. At the beginning of each week, students are put into small groups and given a complex problem to work through to find a solution and present it in their chosen way. Teachers are there to guide the students, which is why class sizes are 12 at most.
In the afternoons, students choose an elective(选修科目) to follow for 6 hours per week. These include such courses as news reporting, presentation skills, a Mini UN, and creative writing. Extra electives such as professional golf, tennis, and football coaching, as well as horse riding and exam preparation, lead to an additional cost.
Students go on two full-day excursions(短途旅行) per week. Mid-week excursions are planned around that week's topic, so on the environmental week we go to a local environmental activity centre, while the theatre week involves a trip to a West End show with a drama workshop. Saturday excursions are more relaxed but still engaging, and include set time for shopping. Sunday excursions are shorter but also include an entrance to a local attraction.
(1)、What do we know about The English Experience?A、It has six different time periods. B、It admits 12 students at most. C、It divides students into two groups. D、It only trains students' English skills.(2)、What will you have to do if you choose horse riding in the afternoon?A、Quit a full-day excursion. B、Try to learn it for 6 hours. C、Pay some extra money. D、Choose another course.(3)、Which will you choose if you hope to experience the week's theme?A、Pre-week excursion. B、Mid-week excursion. C、Saturday excursion. D、Sunday excursion. -
14、 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学的学生吴磊,你校英文报《英语拾零》(English Sidelights)正庆祝创刊十周年,请你写一篇文章投稿,内容包括:
● 读报的经历;
● 喜爱的栏目;
● 期望和祝福。
(文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称)
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15、 主席不仅致力于打造一个科技强国,还号召人们加强科技创新园区的建设,并推动绿色制造业的发展。(call on)(汉译英)
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16、 与这位家喻户晓的建筑师一起工作是一次难忘的经历,是我职业生涯迄今为止的一个亮点。(highlight) (汉译英)
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17、 为了培养学生地道的口音,该大学计划从国外聘请一些英文老师。(handful)(汉译英)
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18、 校餐也要以其他食品的推销方法推销给孩子。(the same way)(汉译英)
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19、 Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
For thousands of years, Chinese people have valued the large family with three, four, or even five generations living under the same roof. That's what we call an extended family. Now it is changing. Compared to extended families. nuclear families which involve only two generations living together are becoming the trend. Apart from family size, these families are also featured by reduced dependence on the last generation. Young people are able to make decisions on their own and children are less likely to be brought up by their grandparents.
The reason for the tendency of nuclear families can be reflected as follows. It's a time when young people think highly of individual freedom. Young people like to have personal space that won't be disturbed by the old generations. In this way, they are more likely to avoid conflicts caused by different living habits from their parents.
It's also a time when social welfare institutions are highly advanced for old people to lead a comfortable life . Senior citizens can live together in some nursing homes and be taken good care of by specialized nursing workers, which may base young people's heavy burden of attending their aging parents.
However, the problem concerning attending to children turns up as the number of nuclear families increases. Young people are busy with their work and spend less time with their children. As a result, lacking enough care both from their parents and grandparents during their growth, children may develop mental illnesses like loneliness and depression. Many young people, therefore, hire babysitters to look after and keep company with their children, which adds a financial burden to them.
Facing the problem above, young people can seek help from old generations, communities and government. Old generations are welcomed to take care of their grandchildren, especially when young people are asked to work overtime. Communities ought to organize some volunteers to look after unattended kids. And government can set up special loads for young people to relieve their financial problem. With the joint efforts, nuclear families are expected to fit in well with the development of the society.
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20、 Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
It is certainly difficult to make money. But should money be difficult to give away? In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller worried about waste and misuse; Carnegie wrote in 1889 that $950 of every $1,000 that went to charity was "unwisely spent". Donors ran lengthy application processes, provided funds and fulfilled painstaking reporting requirements. In 2006 The Economist called it "philanthrocapitalism (慈善资本主义)".
The 400 richest Americans have given away just 6% of their combined fortunes, according to Forbes. At the last count in 2022, almost $1.2 trn was sitting in American private foundations and $230bn in donor-advised funds, a sort of savings account for donors. Plenty of money is being marked for charity. But it is not getting to worthy causes fast enough.
Fortunately, a new generation of donors is once again shaking up the world of big philanthropy (慈善事业). Leading the mission is MacKenzie Scott, who simplified the process of giving and is donating billions of dollars a year with few conditions. This "no-strings giving" is changing mega-donors' long-held assumptions.
One is the recognition that philanthropists do not have to do everything themselves. An upside of a decades-long trend for businesslike philanthropy is that armies of consultants have emerged to help donors draw up a strategy and conduct due diligence on potential recipients. Donors can team up and share the work, too.
Another lesson from the no-strings crowd is that philanthropists can trust recipients to put money to good use once the proper due diligence is in place. That means analyzing a nonprofit organization's annual reports and interviewing its leaders and other funders.
A. It offers lessons for those struggling to get money out of the door.
B. In addition to that, her charity work is too numerous to mention.
C. However, this idea that charities' money is wasted has been proven wrong by evidence.
D. Mega-donors no longer need to endure the trouble of setting up a foundation and hiring staff.
E. Two decades on, however, it's become clear that all this paperwork puts the brakes on giving.
F. Around the turn of the millennium donors looked to data and rules as a way to stop waste.