相关试卷

A recent study in Japan has revealed that a wearable soft robot, named Reliebo, can improve the experience of patients in medical treatments, such as injections (注射) and other unpleasant therapies. The purpose of the robot is to help ease pain and defend people against anxiety. The study, led by researchers at the University of Tsukuba, was inspired in part by the numerous needles people had to endure while being vaccinated (接种疫苗) against COVID-

19. Some people felt an intense dislike for these needles, which led to fewer people getting vaccinated.

The robot is soft and covered in fur. It contains small airbags internally that inflate (膨胀) in response to hand movement. Participants in the study who wore the robot while subjected to a medium heat stimulation, experienced less pain in the test than those who did not wear the robot. The test proved that the pain and anxiety being felt could be reduced sharply by lessening the experience of pain through using the robot.

The research team checked the effectiveness of the wearable robot while being handled by participants under certain conditions, based on the clenching (攥紧) of the hand. The team placed painful heat stimulation on the other arm that was not holding the robot. They then measured cortisol levels from the participants' saliva (唾液) samples, suggesting levels of stress hormones.

The pain felt by the patients was given specific ratings and was also recorded using an assessment scale. The people in the study were given a survey test to assess their fear of injections before and after the experiment with the wearable robot was completed.

The study proved that holding the robot can ease the experience of patients who were receiving injections. The research team hopes to use this study to advance the robot for use during painful situations. such as getting medical shots or similar conditions.

The tomato leaf miner moth (潜叶蛾) originates from Peru and is common throughout South America. However, it has spread through Europe since 2007 and has become one of the largest pests in Mediterranean regions, threatening food supplies. Experts around the world are currently struggling with new ways to battle the moth, but it has developed resistance to pesticides (杀虫剂), leaving farmers helpless to stop the damage. A new study from the University of Portsmouth has shown that the answer may lie in the tropical tent web spider.

Scientists carried out laboratory tests and found that the spiders banded together to form webs that easily caught the flying insects, which they then ate. Dr Lena Grinsted, the lead author of the study, said, "The tropical tent web spiders operate in large groups and can create giant joined-up webs capable of catching insects in the air. This could potentially lead to a reduction of reliance on chemical pesticides, resulting in less pollution in soils, waterways and food chains in the future."

Crop damage is also caused by the larvae (幼虫), which directly attack the tomato fruit, making the crop ugly and thus unmarketable. Larvae live inside the leaf until they begin the process of turning into a moth, making them difficult to control. However, scientists expect that targeting the adult moth population will reduce the number of eggs being laid. In addition, the spiders build the biggest webs during the summer, which can benefit the tomato planting and growing season in May and June.

The researchers said the study would "open doors for the use of group-living spiders to control agricultural pests" but warned that more work was needed to check the spiders did not change the ecology of regions. "Future studies are needed to investigate whether the spiders may negatively impact crop pollination (传粉) by also catching bees and other key pollinators." Dr Grinsted added.

Home to students from all over the world, IH London offers a truly international learning environment with English courses available for beginner, intermediate and advanced learners. If you want to advance your English, there is a wide range of courses that you can choose from.

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Course content:

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General English for over 30's

English level: A1 and above

Course content:

This course is designed for international adults aged 30 and over who want to learn or improve their English while exploring London and making new friends from all over the world. Lessons are based on a range of relevant and motivating materials. London is used as a resource with learners putting their language into practice regularly while exploring London.

General English 20 Lessons

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This is an intensive course for all levels to improve your English with extra focus on speaking. Students will work together to explore and review grammar in context through role plays, discussions and presentations. Topics, language areas and materials will reflect the interests and needs of the class.

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This course encourages students to explore contemporary leadership skills such as debating, critical thinking and teamwork. Students work in groups with a mix of nationalities and will be split into project management groups to work through seminars and business challenges. If you would like to know more information, please contact us at sales@illondon.com.

For my family, a vacation in Penang is a yearly event. My mother and father were raised in Penang, so they loved Penang cuisine. Each December, we'd go to the island and take a three-day tour of their favorite places for meals.

This year we began the trip to the north on a Friday morning. It took us six hours to arrive at our destination. We always stayed at a hotel in Batu Ferringhi. The beach was only a few steps away from the hotel, and our rooms had a beautiful ocean view. We spent our first night playing on the beach. Then, we went back to the hotel rooms and started playing games. My parents had a rule for our holidays that we should spend time doing something together. There was to be no television and no Internet.

We reached Bukit Bendera the following day, and then wandered around the town for the rest of the afternoon, visiting our favorite shops. We were drinking tea in a cafe when we heard someone discussing an earthquake off Sumatra, an Indonesia n island. After we returned to our hotel, we left for the beach. We went for a stroll on the beach, collecting shells along the way. When I looked up, I could see that the sunlight was more brilliant than I had imagined. Far away, I could see a big tree shaking under the sunlight. We didn't think anything terrible was going to happen. All of a sudden, I realized something strange. It was as if the sea was moving away from the coast. I called my dad to check on this strange event. My dad took a look and his face went pale. In the distance we could see a gray line approaching the coast. It seemed to grow taller by the second.

注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

Paragraph 1: My dad shouted at us to hurry back to the hotel.

Paragraph 2: We waited a long time before going downstairs. 

内容包括：1. 表示歉意；2. 说明原因；3. 预祝活动成功。

注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Paul

Yours，

Li Hua

Cheering, dancing and singing, local people and tourists gathered around the fire during the Torch Festival of the Yi People in Bijie, Guizhou, on Aug 12. The festival  （list） as a national intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） in 2011.

There are different stories about how the festival started. But （probable） it was because of the natural worship（崇拜） of fire by the Yi people. Fire was important since their ancestors could use it to bring light as well as （warm） and cook food. One Yi ethnic proverb says, "Everything you eat must‘see' fire." This is due to old practice. Before bringing meat into the home from the outside, a small fire must first be lit outside and the meat should be smoked on the fire. In farming, fire was used （light） piles of branches and leaves, were later buried in the ground.

The Yi people used to celebrate the harvest, as a way to pray for a good harvest and drive away evil from their homes and farmland. Today it has become a  （society） event where people come together to light torches and join in various  （activity） such as building bonfires, horse racing, wrestling, bullfighting and beauty contests. The festival also provides people  A chance to expand their circle of friends. Through the festival, the Yi people not only share their joy and thanks for their good life,  get more people to understand their lifestyle and traditions.

A crowd cheered Kunle Adeyanju as he turned off his motorbike engine after completing a tiring 41-day trip. The 44-year-old left London on April 19 and arrived in Nigeria's commercial center Lagos on Sunday after travelling more than 8,000 1  Across 13 countries. He started the impressive journey to 2  funds for Rotary International to deal with polio（小儿麻痹症）in his native Nigeria.

Accompanied by a dozen 3 for the last part of the journey from the Republic of Benin, Adeyanju was welcomed by supporters in Ike ja, in central Lagos. Adeyanju, called "Lion Heart" by fans, won 4 Among the public by 5 daily pictures with comments about his journey on social media. At every stop along the way, he was 6 by enthusiastic supporters.

He did face some 7 , like the one in Mali where one of his wheels 8 . "I was standing in the middle of the night, alone in a bush, not knowing what to do, 9 speaking the language," he said, explaining he had to walk to the nearest village. " 10 , the locals helped me." Not all of the challenges he faced were solved 11 . "Mauritania, a country in northwest Africa, was ‘terrible'," he said, after he got 12 of hundreds of euros. "The worst experience," he added.

The former Shell employee self-funded his trip with $ 20,400 in savings, hoping to collect up to $48 million for Rotary International. "I have been suffering from a lack of sleep lately 13 I slept only three to four hours per night. But I feel 14 because I finished this challenge."Adeyanju said just after he arrived, wiping the sweat off his face. Adeyanju added that he is now planning to have a 15 cycling trip to Ghana or a bike ride to Israel to help raise more funds. And he has another dream: to climb Mount Qomolangma.

The years 1347—1351 saw Europe suffer from the worst disease—the Black Death. At least one third of the population in Europe lost their lives. Even the Catholic priests（牧师） with all their influence could not survive either.  

Against this background, Giovanni Boccaccio, an Italian writer, decided to collect stories from history to both comfort victims and challenge the church.  

In the book,10 people get together at a faraway place to stay away from the disease and share stories there to deal with boredom.  After each one finishes their turn, the others then share their ideas on the stories. In this way, we not only enjoy the book's interesting stories, but also get to know the values held by people at the time.  As Chinese President Xi Jinping said, works like The Decameron（《十日谈》） stand against the ignorance of the Middle Ages and reflect the people's hope for spiritual liberation.

So I could fully understand the characters'feelings of panic when what they used to believe in suddenly fell away. For people in medieval times（中世纪）, it was their belief in church. For us today, it might be the certainty of our global systems. But it was from the mess of the Black Death that the Renaissance and humanism were born. In today's post-pandemic society, new lifestyles, technologies, and other changes have come to life. My most valuable lesson from The Decameron is this: We must learn from the past to better shape our future.

A. Each person prepares a story based on certain themes everyday, including wisdom and love.

B. The Decameron, as a symbol of the Renaissance（文艺复兴） period, has an influence that goes far beyond one specific country or area.

C. It was no surprise, then, that people's belief in the church began to break down.

D. Everyone can learn a lesson from the book.

E. When I first read this book, the world was fighting against COVID-19.

F. This is what inspired his most famous book, The Decameron.

G. The Decameronis one of the most famous literary work in the Italian Renaissance period.

Phones, tablets and smart watches will be mostly banned（禁止） from classrooms in the Netherlands from Jan 1,2024, Sky News reported.

The move is meant to limit distractions from social media, messaging and other sites. Devices will only be allowed if they are needed for the lesson, for medical reasons, or for people with disabilities.

"Scientific research showed that mobile phones are a disturbance（打扰）. We need to protect students against this," said Robbert Dijkgraaf, Minister of Education, Culture and Science of the Netherlands. "Students need to be able to concentrate and need to be given the opportunity to study well." Dijkgraaf noted that schools could manage the implementation of the ban themselves. However, he added that laws would follow if the results are not good enough.

The United Nations also warned of the risks of smartphones in schools, the BBC reported.

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization（UNESCO） said that too much mobile phone use was linked to reduced educational performance. And high levels of screen time have a bad effect on children's mind, noted The Guardian.

UNESCO said its call for a smartphone ban sent a clear message that all digital technology including artificial intelligence should always be less important than a human-centered vision of education and can never replace face-to-face interaction with teachers. Based on its analysis of200 education systems around the world, UNESCO estimate one in four countries and regions had laws or policies banning phones in schools. Besides the Netherlands, France introduced its policy in 2018, and Finland had a similar decision in June. In 2021, the Ministry of Education in China banned mobile phones, tablets, and other digital devices in the classroom, Xinhua reported.

According to the policy, if such devices are brought to school, then they should be stored together in the same place. Meanwhile, the use of the devices for teaching purposes should not be over 30 percent of the total teaching time.

"Our school has strict rules to ban phones in class, Students who break the rules may lose their merit student qualification or admissions eligibility（保送） for college," Dai Ting,a17-year-old student from Chengdu, told Teens.

Walking in the city is very different from walking in the park. A small psychology study suggests urban（城市的） environments can slow your step and possibly increase your mental load. A walk through nature, on the other hand, appears to ease your mind and quicken your pace. The findings show that natural settings may potentially reduce cognitive （认知的）tiredness and improve reaction times straight away. The study, which includes two experiments with two different approaches, was conducted among 65 university students in the lab.

The first of the two experiments in the new study focused on people's way of walking and cognitive load. During this trial, participants were fitted with sensors and a dozen motion control cameras were set up to watch them repeatedly walk down a 15-metre room at their natural speed. The wall opposite them showed an image of either a nature scene or a city scene. After each walk, participants were asked to rate their feelings of discomfort in the visual environment. On the whole, when walking in city settings, people reported more discomfort and they walked at a slower pace, indicating a higher cognitive load.

The second experiment dug into some of the higher-level cognitive processes that might be at play. In the trial, participants were asked to distinguish between basic visual shapes on the computer while also in the presence of a natural or urban image（the same ones from the first experiment）. Measuring reaction times in both natural and urban settings, the team found results to support their idea. In urban environments, participants were slower in distinguishing between simple shapes. The authors think this is because urban environments are more distracting（令人分心的） for our brains and take longer to process, but more research is needed to prove that idea.