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For the study, Nicole Brass worked with colleagues at the University of Michigan and surveyed more than 500 middle school students. The students were asked who they thought were the most well-liked among their classmates and who they thought were the most popular. And they were also asked what behavior made their classmates well-liked or popular. About half of the students were together as classmates at the same school since kindergarten (幼儿园), while the other half attended a new middle school elsewhere after kindergarten. The two groups of students liked the same type of classmates. "The kids that the two groups say they like a lot are those who try hard at school and are always nice," Brass says.

However, when it came to the kids considered as popular, there was a huge difference between the two groups. Those students who had been together since kindergarten reported the most popular students were also kind and helpful, while the students who attended a new middle school reported the most popular students tended to be mean and aggressive. This suggests that behavior that is not positive can result in popularity in the short term before students get to know one another well.

"We often think about how friends matter a lot, but there are other factors affecting popularity. We want to discover some of these influences for anybody who works with middle school students," Brass says. The role social media plays in who is popular and who is well-liked among middle school students was not evaluated in the recent research, but it's an area that Brass hopes to study in the future. She believes this area has been very important in the pandemic.

Some adults worry that you're more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the "face-down generation" because you use your phone so much and they wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family. Are today's teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies to become successful in real life — or "IRL", as you would say?

Other adults worry that today's youth are spoilt (宠坏的) and don't want to face the challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by "helicopter parents". They were always there to guide and help them with a busy schedule filled with homework and extra-curricular activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today's youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s.   

Does the face-down generation need a heads-up? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today's teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They also seem to be enthusiastic (热情的) and willing to become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls' rights to go to school.

So if you're one of the oh-ohs, there's reason to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud).

London introduced a public bike-sharing system in 2010. "There can be no doubt that our trusty bicycles have changed that way people get around our great city," Johnson told The Guardian.

In London, bikes are used for more than just taking short trips to and from the subway. Wherever you want to go in the city, riding a bike is usually the quickest and easiest choice. And it's not just shared bikes that the government is encouraging people to ride. In many companies across the UK, the UK government's Cycle to Work plan allows workers to buy a brand new bike without having to pay any tax (税). This means that it's common to see many people cycling to and from work, and some employers even provide showers in the workplaces for their workers. More importantly, a cycle-friendly boss may let you off for being late if you ride a bike to work.

Not only is it great for the environment and our body, cycling is also good for the mind. According to National Geographic, "Bike riding can improve people's happiness."

Schools and universities are the first sources of knowledge. We take that knowledge later on to build our careers after graduation. More knowledge will be gained after you start working, but without an education, that job will not be within easy reach. Knowledge leads to knowledge.

While limited within the walls of the educational institutions, we openly explore other cultures of the world. We come to know that ours is not the only culture. Other cultures have valuable insights to share, enriching our own at last. Education also makes us want to travel and interact with various cultures, broadening our horizons.

When there's a downturn (衰退) in the economy, those who attended college will be more, likely to find a new job than those who only finished grade school and have a limited skill set. The more education you have, the more chances you will get to improve the quality of your life as you have a better job and earn a higher salary.

When you're skillful and knowledgeable, you get to "rub knees" with people of similar backgrounds and tastes. It means a good education leads to excellent networking. Good networking can benefit you a lot in your later life.

A good education makes you a more interesting and confident person. You can talk about ideas and events instead of just listening to other people. An educated person doesn't gossip, have a preference to discuss ideas and listen to what other people have to say.

①学好英语，以便与外国人更好地交流;

②多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独;

③积极参加各种活动，发掘潜力，培养自信。

注意：①词数80左右;

②可适当增加细节。

Dear Mary,

I'm sorry to learn that you have trouble adapting to your new school life in Canada,

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

To some young people, cosplaying（角色扮演）is a hobby. To others, it is a lifestyle. Since cosplay is popular nowadays, a lot of time（spend）in making costumes（服装）for people to join in（activity）. These allow cosplayers（become）their favorite characters. For thoseoften practice the art, cosplay is more than just dressing up- it is about acting as a character and（perform）in front of hundreds of fans.

Young people love the art of cosplay for many reasons. It's fun to dress up asdifferent person and cosplayers enjoy changing（they）into a character of a story. Being someone else helps build their（confident）. Since cosplay focusesthe similarity to the character, much attention is paid to high quality costumes and role playing. In a sense, cosplaying is（exact）like acting, for cosplayers must get into characters and behave like them.

Seconds later, my daughter8. I gasped as she tried her best to get up. Then I watched her9 for her friend's hand, get back on her10, and skate off only to fall three paces later. Over time, her falling became11. When they finally came back to the benches, my daughter said in12: "Mama! I fell 22 times!" I spent the next hour watching my daughter13 the rink (溜冰场). After falling, she got up by clinging to the wall and started to glide until she could make it all the way around without a single fall.14

my daughter stepped off the rink, with a15 smile, "Mama! I did it! I did it!"

You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.

The following methods may work best for you.

·Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.

Write your notes in your own words.

·

Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.

As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand (速记). When you do,   be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.

A. Use words not complete sentences.

B. There are three practical note-taking methods.

C. You must write your notes on separate paper.

D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.

E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

About three months before the final race something unfortunate happened when I fell off during practice and broke my left leg. All I could do was to wait for the injuries to heal (治愈). The worry was that the doctors suggested bed rest for at least two months. A close friend of mine who had just recovered from his leg injury warned me that even if I were able to stand on my feet, I wouldn't be able to ride a bicycle for a few more weeks. It was safe for me to give up because my leg was likely to be injured again during practice or the race.

It was very difficult for me to just stop like this. My father felt bad too. He tried to keep my spirits up during my bed rest. My parents gave me nutritious (有营养的) food to keep me strong. They showed me lots of videos of cycling events to improve (提升) my riding skills. Thus, they were preparing me for the day when I returned to the track. The most important thing they taught me was that while there could be a chance of missing the race, never giving up in such a situation was an example of good sportsmanship.

Two months passed quickly. The doctors were amazed at my complete recovery and supported my participation (参赛). Gradually, I was walking comfortably and exercising too. I practised as much as I could.

Finally, the big day came. I was a little bit nervous but once I was on the race track, the fear had gone. The race began. I tried my best and finally I won the race. The whole stadium (体育场) was clapping for me. This became my most special day.

Frontier Physics

Further your understanding of modern physics and discover how we can solve social problems by developing future technologies. On this course from the University of Washington, you'll explore areas of the latest physics research. You'll also look at some real-world physics applications (应用) to build your skills.

Period: three weeks

Weekly study: four hours

Successful Communication

Build practical communication skills and learn how to use and apply these skills to your life. On this seven-week course from the University of Michigan, you'll discover and practice the four steps to successful communication, and learn strategies to do it better.

Period: seven weeks

Weekly study: two hours

Quality Improvement in Healthcare

Why is quality improvement in health and social care systems so difficult? Why is it so challenging to bring in new and better ways of organizing health and social care services?

Many reasons have been put forward. This course from the University of Chicago explores new and better ways of organizing health and social care services to improve quality.

Period: six weeks

Weekly study: three hours

How to Create Videos for Online Courses

On this two-week course from the University of Edinburgh, you'll learn how to use your mobile phone to create online course videos.

Period: two weeks

Weekly study: two hours

On a weekend, a woman won a big bag of coins at a game machine. She took a break for dinner with her husband in the hotel dining room. But first she wanted to put the coins in her room.

"I'll be right back and we'll go to eat," she told her husband. Then she carried the bag to the lift. As she was about to walk into the lift she noticed two men already aboard.

Both were huge, very huge figures. The woman was scared. Her first thought was: "These two are going to rob me." Her next thought was: "Don't be afraid. They look like nice gentlemen."

But fear seized her. She stood and stared at the two men. She felt anxious and ashamed. She hoped they didn't read her mind. Surely they knew her hesitation about joining them in the lift. It was all too obvious. Her face was red. She couldn't just stand there, so with an effort of will she picked up one foot and stepped forward and followed with the other foot and was on the lift. Avoiding eye contact, she turned around and faced the lift doors as they closed.

A second passed, and then another second, and then another. Her fear increased! The lift didn't move. Panic consumed her. "Oh dear," she thought, "I'm about to be robbed!"

Her heart sank and sweat poured. Then one of the men said, "Hit the floor." Instinct (本能) told her: Do what they tell you. The bag of coins flew upwards as she threw out her arms and collapsed on the lift carpet. A shower of coins rained down on her. "Take my money and spare me," she prayed. More seconds passed.

She heard one of the men say politely, "Madam, if you'll just tell us what floor you're going to, we'll push the button." The one who said it had a little trouble getting the words out. He couldn't help laughing.

Para. 1：She lifted her head and looked up at the two men.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Para. 2：Then, the lift arrived at her floor.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.研学时间和地点；

2.研学活动内容；

3.报名方式。

注意：1.词数80词左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯

3.重庆科技馆 Chongqing Science & Technology Museum   研学study tour

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A man looking at his smart phone while walking across a railway crossing in Nanjing (have) a close knock on Oct. 22. He was so absorbed in his smart phone that he didn't see a train approaching until it brushed past him, (throw) him to the ground. This should serve a warning that people should be aware of their surroundings, especially crossing a road.

(lucky), the man survived a brush with death, but the incident forced the driver to stop the train. 18-minute delay followed the incident, led to a break in the running of other trains on the route.

The smart phone (addict) has spread like an infectious disease. It's evident that it will do great harm to society. What's even (bad), some addicts become impatient with relatives and friends.

Some people blame the smart phone for the tragedy, yet in fact people's weakening self-control and self-discipline are (blame).

During my four years at Northern Arizona University (NAU), I took two years of3 language courses, which was a major marker in my adventure to4 myself.

Through my class, I was introduced to the NAU Chinese culture club, where I5 my knowledge of Chinese culture and connected with international students from China and students who were deeply6 Chinese culture.

Then I had an opportunity to study abroad in Hong Kong for a year. Surrounded by mainly people who looked like me, I did not feel like I7 as I usually do in the US. I became8 connected to Hong Kong and its9. The experience10 me to find beauty and11 in the complexities (难题) of holding many identities.

After returning from my12 abroad, I started to volunteer at the Education Abroad Office at NAU. I13 my experience and encouraged other NAU students to go abroad, as it was such a14 experience and enabled me to better understand myself. I'm15 to call myself an adopted Chinese American.

Home automation is designed to introduce efficiency to a home. An efficient smart home uses sensors to prevent over watering of outdoor gardens and control room temperatures, all of which can reduce expenses. In addition to cost savings, home automation often provides a sense of security to homeowners.

Families with children or elderly adults in the home may be reassured by some safeguards in smart home security, like fire alarms that alert the appropriate agencies in the event of a problem. Lighting activation runs on timers, which can be a life saver if an oven is left on when someone leaves the home.

Home automation is not just for safety, however. With a centralized control unit, a person does not have to leave the couch to turn down the blinds or even order groceries, which can be automated.

Such a home becomes dependent on technology for routine tasks. If something goes wrong with the central automation unit, it is not just one appliance at risk as malfunctions can disrupt systems that are vital to running a home. As a result, for all people, a home can become a place of technical faults that repeatedly require repair.

A. Smart devices can talk to each other.

B. It achieves this by saving homeowners time and money.

C. There are some drawbacks with an automated home system.

D. It can also provide convenience for people living in the home.

E. Through home automation, an entire house can be connected via a smart controller.

F. Besides protecting people, it also offers security for expensive items inside a residence.

G. Home automation enables you to operate your equipment with the sound of your voice.

Poetry has the oldest recorded texts in literature. Although it's impossible to say exactly when it began to be used in the oral tradition, we dare to say that it's accompanied humanity forever. This gives us an idea of the impact that poetic language can have on our emotional and cognitive state. The emotional response to literature in general shares areas of activation with music. However, more areas of the right hemisphere (半球) seem to be related to poetry. The researchers measured the goosebumps resulting from the tingling (强烈感受) sensation in reading poetry. This type of sensation has also been proven to result from music. However, the tingling sensations produced by poetry activate different areas of the brain compared to those activated by music.

Dr. Eugen Wassiliwizky's team collected data on behavioral responses in people reading or listening to poetry. They proved that poetry is capable of causing emotional responses and rich emotional experiences. In addition, a poem expresses the poet's ideas. From a psychological view, poetry is a game of language that manages to group words in a surprising way. We could compare this with how a chef combines ingredients that seem impossible to combine, producing extraordinary results. Poetry is based on rules of construction. It sets up a rhythm, which then breaks, before finally returning to it. The play on the meanings of words, sometimes several meanings in just one word, is extremely intellectually inspiring. We can read a poem a thousand times, and still find its new meanings.

Generally, our passage through the wonderful world of poetry is cut short by a rather reduced exposure during childhood and the overly analytical approach of this literary genre (类型), which is given in most schools. Although the studies that experts have conducted on poetry get a lot of interesting results, poetry still holds a mystery that science hasn't yet been able to investigate. For example, why a perfect cadence (抑扬顿挫) and rhythm can lift the spirit of people is the new challenge for the research.

When the clothing factory closed down in the late 2000s, she became a full-time recycler, picking up cans and bottles to make ends meet.

Marin's story is not unique. Millions around the world make a living from picking through waste and reselling it — a vital role that keeps waste manageable. In New York City, the administrative department collects only about 28 percent of the cans that could be recycled. Rubbish collectors, however, keep millions of additional recyclables out of landfills every year.

Yet collectors are ruled out by government policies. The United States Supreme Court in 1988 stated that household garbage is public property once it's on the street. That enables police to search rubbish for evidence, but that protection hasn't always been extended to recyclers. And in places like New York City, which is testing city-owned locked containers to hide garbage from rats, containers are made clearly inaccessible for collectors.

"There's value in the waste, and we feel that value should belong to the people, not the city or the corporations", says Ryan Castalia, director of a nonprofit recycling and community center in Brooklyn.

Recognized or not, waste pickers have long been treated with disrespect. Marin recalls an occasion when someone living next to a building where she was collecting cans threw water at her. "Because I recycle doesn't mean I am less of a person than anyone else," she says. It's a pity to see that the government doesn't stand by the garbage collector's side, either.

Fortunately, some governments are starting to realize that protecting the environment and humanity go hand in hand. Brazil classified waste picking as an official occupation in 2001. In 2009, Colombia's government granted the right to collect valuable garbage. The U.S. is slowly catching on too. After all, to the government, the garbage is garbage, but to the collectors, it's something they make a living on.

He was diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy (糖尿病视网膜病变). "I lost my sight and the job, but I don't care about that. All I care is about my wife and my daughter," he told CBS News. "How am I going to see my daughter grow?"

Echevarria at first worked on developing independent living skills like walking with a cane (手杖). But he wanted to learn more-like skills that would be useful for a job. That's when he found Lighthouse Works in Orlando, a company that creates jobs for the blind.

"Seven out of 10 Americans who are blind are not in the workforce," said Kyle Johnson, the president and CEO of Lighthouse Works. "And we knew that people who are blind are the most highly educated disability group on the planet. And so, very capable people, who want to work and contribute. So, we created Lighthouse Works to help them do that."

At Lighthouse Works, nearly half of the employees are blind. Echevarria works in the call center. In his work, Echevarria uses a system called JAWS to "hear" the computer. The system reads the computer screen to him in one ear a she listens to a customer call in his other ear. Now he has gotten good at it and can listen to JAWS on a dramatic speed. ""It gives me a purpose. It makes me feel better because I can provide for my family." he said.

His original worry was not being able to be there for his daughter. Now, he is her mentor (导师), because she's an employee at Lighthouse Works as well. He said, "Little kids come to their parents, and all of a sudden when they become teenagers, they go away. Now, we're going back again to those days that my daughter used to come to me all the time. And I still feel needed."

To help you choose the perfect education al books for your child, we've created this handpicked list of the best science books for kids. The titles featured here spark curiosity, encourage leaning, and are lots of fun, too.

About Time: A First Look at Time and Clocks

Author: Bruce Koscielniak; Price: US $8.55

Long ago people used the sun, the moon, and the water to tell time. Soon after we began using our knowledge about the natural world to build clocks and to create calendars made up of months and years. Centuries later, we have clocks and calendars all around us. This book tells the amazing story of how it all happened!

Animalium: Welcome to the Museum

Author: Katie Scott;Price: US $8.99

This book opens the doors of the natural history museum for your child all year round! It features 200 full-color specimens accompanied by lively, informative text and more. Discover the animal kingdom inglorious detail with unique illustrations that combine science and art.

Bang!: How We Came to Be

Author: Michael Rubino; Price: US $16.00

"Bang! And that was it, the beginning of everything." So begins this beautifully illustrated story of evolution. This book conveys not only the facts but also the excitement of the scientific explanation of our world, from the origin of the universe to the present reality of our planet.

Bedtime Math: The Truth Comes Out

Author: Laura Overdeck; Price: US $10.99

This book makes learning about math as fun as dessert after dinner! It combines math and cool facts for one fun and wild adventure. Now kids can discover the science behind all their favorite things: marshmallows, soda, ice cream, and more. With over 100 math problems on a variety of topics, kids will find math isn't just fun — it can be found everywhere!

Lake Titicaca a famous lake in South America, lies on the border between Bolivia and Peru. But the lives of the ancient people, who once lived around the lake and culture was thought to be highly developed, (be) still a secret. Recently, however, scientists (take) part in an exploration project at the lake have found a 1000-year-old temple beneath the water.

Divers from the study group have discovered a building that scientists think is the (remain) of a temple built by the people who once lived beside the lake. The project leaders hope to begin raising (value) materials from the site later this week bad weather forces a change in their plans.

"The scientists have not yet had the chance to study the materials completely," said the project (found), John Aubi. "But some have put forward the idea that the materials date this period because they are similar to found elsewhere.

So far, they (make) more than 200 dives into water 30 metres deep. During these dives, they have been recording the ancient temple on film. There will be a meeting, starting later this year to review the film.