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About sixty years ago, researchers linked the bystander effect with two factors: the diffusion (分散) of responsibility and social influence. The first factor means that when more people are watching, individuals will feel less responsible to step forward and help. Social influence means that people watch what others around them do to decide how they should react.

When the bystander effect happens, those who fail to get help may feel lonely, suffer more pain and lower self-respect, as well as experience stressful feelings later. Besides, trust problems may appear, making it hard to build relationships. As a result, these people will stay away from social life because they are afraid of being ignored.

One way to deal with the bystander effect is to act as if you are the first or only person to notice a problem. Often, when one person takes action, even if just to shout "Hey, what's going on?", others may be inspired to help people in trouble as well. That is to say, an active bystander works best when they believe that they themselves are the only person in control.

It is also important for people to develop good moral qualities. Try to understand the situation from the victims' perspective. Worry less about the results of helping others and think more about the good example you set for younger people. If you are the victim, choose one person in the crowd and look them in the eye. People's natural wish to be kind and helpful may make it hard for them to refuse your request for help.

AI art creation has unique advantages. First, it is highly efficient. A professional AI program can produce hundreds of art drafts within several hours, which saves artists plenty of time. Second, it is full of creativity. AI can mix different art styles and cultural elements that human artists may hardly imagine. For example, it can combine Chinese ink wash painting with Western abstract art, or connect the folk art of the 2026 Year of the Horse with future sci-fi elements. Third, it is easy to access. Ordinary people without professional art skills can also make their own AI artworks by inputting simple keywords. Thus, art creation is no longer only a privilege (特权) for professional artists.

However, AI art also causes heated debates and faces challenges. Some people argue that AI art lacks "human emotions". Art is usually a reflection of people's inner feelings and life experiences, but AI only creates works based on data and algorithms (算法), with no real thoughts or emotions of its own. Others worry about copyright problems: it is difficult to define who the real creator is when AI produces an artwork based on thousands of existing works.

In fact, AI art is not a replacement for human art, but a new partner. More and more artists now take AI as a tool to support their creation. They use AI to make drafts first, and then add their own emotions and ideas to improve the works. AI also plays an important role in protecting intangible cultural heritage. It can digitize ancient artworks to avoid their loss and help young inheritors carry out innovations on traditional art forms.

In the new era, the combination of AI and art is an unavoidable trend. What we should do is to make good use of AI technology, guide its healthy development, and let it work together with human creativity to produce more amazing artworks for the world.

A few years later, Ryan arranged a weekend trip to the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and asked Grandma if she'd like to join him. To his delight, his grandmother accepted the invitation at once. At 85, she finally saw her first mountain, climbed her first mountain trail and experienced outdoor camping for the very first time.

Though he had worried that the pleasure of the journey might be ravaged when he traveled with an elderly person, Ryan soon found himself totally wrong. Quite the opposite, moving at a relaxed pace allowed him to appreciate the beauty of nature more fully and made the whole outdoor experience far more meaningful and memorable.

That first trip lit up Ryan's heart with a new kind of joy, and he was excited to see how much his grandma enjoyed the experience. Determined to keep their adventure going, the pair made a plan to travel to the other 62 National Parks across America together.

The journey was an incredible challenge, even for regular hikers, let alone an elderly woman with little hiking experience, so they took their time and spent nearly eight years completing the whole tour. Ryan said his grandma viewed the world with a special attitude — she never thought she would come back to any place again, so she lived every moment more fully and sincerely.

After reaching their final destination — the National Park of American Samoa in the South Pacific in 2023, they became closer than ever and eventually set an even more challenging goal: to travel to every continent in the world.

Sunstroke, sometimes called heatstroke, is a result of the body temperature rising above the safe level. When this happens, the body's normal systems start to break down and fail to work properly.

It's usually easy to avoid sunstroke, as long as proper action is taken. In that case, you need to act as quickly as possible to return that person's body to a safe temperature. Here are some basic tips to help treat sunstroke.

Call for help

Call an ambulance as soon as possible. This should be your first step, especially if the sunstroke person has fainted (昏倒). In a public place, ask people nearby for help. If no ambulance is coming soon, call someone who can reach you quickly. Ask others to bring as much water as they can.

Move the person to a cooler area

If there's a building nearby, aim for that. Anywhere with plenty of air conditioners and water is perfect. If there is no building, move the person to a place with shade.

Cool the body with water

If the person is still conscious, get him or her to drink water. If there's a bathtub, fill it with cool water and put the person in it. If water is not enough, wet a towel or a piece of clothing and place it on the patient's body. Pay special attention to the face, neck, and chest.

Fan the person

Moving air over the body helps lower body temperature quickly. You can use anything available—a towel, a sheet, a piece of cardboard, or even your hands. More people can take turns to fan the whole body.

It was a rainy Saturday afternoon. Lily, a shy 14-year-old girl, was organizing her grandfather's attic (阁楼) when she discovered an old, leather-bound diary hidden inside a wooden chest. The cover was faded, but the lock was broken. Curious, she opened it and found the first entry dated 1944. The diary belonged to a young soldier named Thomas. As she turned the pages, she read about his fears, hopes, and a promise he made to his best friend, Jack, to return a silver pocket watch to his family if he didn't survive the war. The last entry was unfinished, ending with, "Tomorrow we march into the forest. I have a bad feeling, but I must keep my promise…"

Lily's heart raced. She remembered her grandfather mentioning a great-uncle named Jack who never returned from World War II. Could this be the same Jack? She rushed downstairs with the diary, her hands trembling. Her grandfather was drinking tea in the living room. "Grandpa," she said breathlessly, "did you know someone named Thomas?" Her grandfather's eyes widened. He took the diary gently, his fingers tracing the worn pages. "Where did you find this?" he whispered. "Thomas was my father's brother. He disappeared during the war. We never knew what happened to him." Lily felt a mix of excitement and sadness. She knew she had to find out the rest of the story — and perhaps fulfill a long-lost promise.

注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1: Lily decided to search for more clues about Thomas and the pocket watch.

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Paragraph 2: Months later, a surprising letter arrived at Lily's house.

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1. 你校晨读的现状； (早读课很安静，……)

2. 大声晨读的重要性； (提高发音和流利度；增强用英语的自信心；更有效地记住单词和句子；……)

3. 你的期望。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答；

3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。

(参考词汇：improves our pronunciation and fluency; boosts our confidence in... )

The Importance of Reading Aloud in the Morning

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During the growth of teenagers, it can be easy for some teenagers to form bad habits. These bad habits, if (leave) unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. is essential to prevent harmful habits from dominating a teenager's life. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.

To change bad habits (be) never easy. In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. Soon these choices become automatic and form habits that are hard to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand habits work. There is a habit cycle. It works like this: Firstly, there is a "cue" that acts a signal to do something. Secondly, there is a "routine", the regular action you take in response to the cue. Thirdly, there is the "reward", the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.

(facilitate) a positive change in their bad habits, teenagers must first examine their bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them by combining the information from their habit cycles with their own positive ideas. Besides (change) bad habits, teenagers can also use the habit cycle to create good habits.

The most (success) way to change bad habits is not suddenly, but over a period of time. To reach the goal of change, teenagers must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small (step). They have the power to build a happy and (health) life full of good habits!

Last summer, our school organized a community service program. I was assigned to visit Mr. Clark, an elderly man who lived alone. I felt a mix of excitement and nervousness as I walked to his small house. When I knocked on the door, a thin man with gentle eyes opened it. I introduced myself, but he just nodded and gestured for me to come in. The house was tidy but very quiet. I tried to start a1 but he responded with short answers or silence. I felt awkward and unsure. Maybe this was a2 idea.

The next week, I visited again. This time, I noticed some old gardening tools in the corner and3 that he might like plants. So, on my third visit, I brought a small pot of sunflowers. His eyes lit up slightly. He pointed to the backyard, where I saw a few dry rose bushes. "I used to… but my hands…" he said slowly, looking at his4 fingers. I finally understood — he loved gardening but couldn't do it any more.

From then on, our5 changed. Instead of trying to talk, I started to6. I would water the plants, and he would sit nearby, giving short instructions. One hot afternoon, after we finished, I was sweating. He7 inside and came back with a glass of cold lemonade. "For you," he said with a small smile. That simple act8 me deeply.

One day, he pointed to an old photo album. We spent the whole afternoon looking at pictures. His voice was filled with9 as he told stories. I just listened. At that moment, I felt a strong connection. I wasn't just a volunteer; I was a friend sharing his memories.

On my last visit, he gave me a handmade wooden birdhouse. "For your10," he said. I was moved. Through this experience, I learned what empathy truly means. It's not about pity. It's about11 someone's situation, being patient, and12 a connection through understanding.

13 I was young and he was old, we found common ground. His backyard was no longer a14 place, but a space where we built15. This experience taught me that empathy is a bridge built with kindness and attention, not just words.

First, pay attention to your self-talk. The words you say to yourself matter. When you make a mistake, instead of thinking "I failed," try thinking, "This is a chance to learn." For example, if you get a low score on a math test, a fixed mindset would say, "I'm bad at math." A growth mindset would say, "I need to find a better way to study this topic."

Challenges are not threats; they are opportunities to grow. When you try something hard, your brain forms new connections. Don't avoid difficult tasks. Embrace them. Start with small challenges and gradually take on bigger ones. Each time you push through, you prove to yourself that effort leads to improvement.

Another key is to value the process over the result. Praise yourself for the hard work you put in, not just for a perfect outcome. Did you practice piano for an hour every day? That's worth celebrating, even if the recital wasn't flawless. This shift in focus makes you more willing to keep trying.

Finally, learn from others. Talk to people who have overcome obstacles. Read stories about famous scientists or artists who failed many times before succeeding. Their journeys remind us that struggle is a normal part of the path to mastery.

Remember, developing a growth mindset is a journey itself. It won't happen overnight. But by practicing these steps, you can train your brain to see possibilities instead of limitations.

A. This simple change in language can shift your perspective.

B. However, you can choose to develop a different way of thinking.

C. Therefore, you should always ask for help immediately.

D. Second, see challenges as opportunities.

E. For instance, watching others succeed can make you feel jealous.

F. It's important to focus on your effort and strategies, not just the final grade or score.

G. Surround yourself with people who have a growth mindset.

Why is critical thinking education so necessary now? First, AI provides us with huge amounts of information, but not all of it is true or useful. For example, AI tools can write articles or create videos that look very real, but they might contain mistakes or even false information. Without critical thinking, people, especially students, might believe everything they see online, which can be dangerous. Second, many jobs that involve simple, repetitive tasks are being done by AI. Future jobs will require humans to solve complex problems, make ethical decisions, and create new ideas — all of which need strong critical thinking skills. Simply memorizing facts is no longer enough.

So, how can we teach critical thinking effectively? Schools should change their methods. Instead of only asking for correct answers, teachers can encourage students to ask "why" and "how." For instance, in a science class, after learning a fact from an AI-powered search, students should be guided to check other sources and discuss whether the information is reliable. Classroom debates and group projects on real-world issues, like "Should AI be used to make important decisions?" are excellent ways to practice analyzing different viewpoints and building logical arguments. Parents also play a role. At home, they can discuss news stories with their children, asking questions like, "Who wrote this?" and "What evidence supports this claim?"

In conclusion, AI is a powerful tool, but it is a tool that we must control with our minds. Critical thinking is the key to using AI wisely and safely. By making critical thinking a core part of education, through interactive teaching and daily practice, we can prepare young people not just to live in a future with AI, but to shape that future thoughtfully and responsibly.

On the positive side, social media allows teenagers to explore different interests and ideas. They can join online groups about music, art, sports, or study, which helps them understand what they like and who they want to be. For example, a shy student might find confidence by sharing his drawings online and receiving encouraging comments. This can strengthen his sense of self.

However, there are negative effects too. Many teenagers feel pressure to look perfect online. They see edited photos and exciting videos of others' lives, which can make them feel inadequate (不足). They might start comparing their own lives to these highlights, leading to low self-esteem. Some teens even change their behavior or appearance to get more "likes" and followers, which means they are letting others' opinions shape their identity.

Moreover, the constant feedback on social media — likes, comments, shares — can make teens too focused on online validation. They may start to believe that their value depends on how many people approve of their posts, rather than their real qualities and achievements.

In conclusion, social media is a powerful tool that can both help and harm teenagers' self-identity. It offers chances for self- discovery but also brings risks of comparison and over-reliance on others' opinions. The key is for teens to use social media wisely, remember their real worth, and balance online life with offline experiences.

Elena decided to observe the swallows more closely. She set up a small camera near a nest and recorded their flight for weeks. She discovered that the swallows had a special way of seeing. Their eyes could notice tiny movements and judge distances very quickly. This helped them change direction in a flash. Elena realized that this ability could be useful for technology.

Back in her lab, Elena and her team worked hard to create a small sensor that copied the swallow's vision system. They tested it on a mini-drone. The drone, equipped with the new sensor, could fly through a maze of obstacles without hitting any. It was a success! Elena's invention, inspired by birds, made drones safer and more efficient. Her story shows how observing nature can lead to amazing scientific advances.

Are you an international student eager to dive deep into authentic local culture while sharing your own? The "Bridge the World" Cultural Exchange Program, hosted by the City Youth International Association, is now recruiting (招募) participants for the upcoming summer session!

This two-week program offers a unique immersive experience, which is a platform for mutual cultural immersion and sharing. You will be paired with a local host family, and participate in traditional craft workshops (like pottery and calligraphy) . More than just sightseeing, you will collaborate with local students on a community project, fostering mutual understanding and lasting friendships. We also organize weekly cultural showcase nights where you can present your home country's customs, food, or art.

Applicants should be currently enrolled university students, proficient in English, and have a genuine interest in cultural exchange. The program fee is $800, covering accommodation, most meals, and all activity costs. Scholarships are available based on merit and need.

Don't miss this chance to be a cultural ambassador! Apply before May 31st by visiting our website: www. bridgetheworld-cyia. org. For inquiries, contact us at apply@bridgetheworld-cyia. org. Let's build bridges together!

1. 人物简介；

2. 尊敬和爱戴的原因。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

The people I respect the most

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The Chinese invented block printing more than 1,400 years ago. The original characters were carved on wood and ink was then applied. Block printing is time consuming and( cost) a lot of manpower and materials. Misprinted characters cannot be( easy) corrected. These shortcomings were only overcome after the appearance of movable type printing,greatly improved the speed and quality of printing.

Bi Sheng of the Northern Song Dynasty invented the movable type printing. He carved the Chinese characters on small(cube) of sticky clay. He baked them in the fire until they became hard and movable. In the course of presswork, the movable characters were placed into. iron frame until it was full. He then took a smooth board and pressed it over the surface so that the block of type became even: Then ink was applied and it was readyprinting. To be more(efficiency),he prepared two iron boards. When one was being used for printing, the other could be used(put) characters in order for the next page. The two boards were used alternately.

Although what Bi Sheng invented was simple when(compare) to today's letterpress printing; it already bad the main traits of modern printing. So Bi Sheng's(contribute) to printing cannot be overstated.

I remember one1 girl who truly enjoyed being in our class and getting to play with the other little kids. Unfortunately, she also suffered from severe separation anxiety. She would cry when she was dropped off. This led to a(n)2 situation: a child that loved to be in our classroom and yet cried3 she was being tortured (折磨).

I had one game I really4 playing with the kids during snack time. I would go up to the children and tell them not to smile, and commented if they were starting to smile. Since the girl happened to have the most beautiful smile, capable of5 a room, she was almost always one of the kids I'd do this game with just to6 that smile.

Eventually, she got to the point that just telling her not to smile would lead to a giant smile. Not wanting to7, she would cover her face with her hands. So then the game was to see if I could "find" the smile she was8.

The trick was so9 that I started to use it on her whenever she was dropped off. She would always be handed to me10 loudly. I'd find some way to11 her attention so she would listen to me. Then I would tell her not to smile. Her hands would12 go to cover up a big smile, and after a brief game of "hunting" for the smile, she would stop crying. Then she would forget all about her13 from her mother and happily run off to find some kids to play with.

I still have fond memories of that sweet little girl, her beautiful smiles, and how she14 her mother that I was a(n)15 worker.

Exploring the answers to this question can open windows to worlds you never knew existed. You will find something here that will get you interested, or get you thinking about its significance.

History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper glimpse into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots can provide.

History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living a long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same.

History makes us more empathetic(具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.

History can inspire us to learn more. It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of related questions. Study the 19th century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere for anybody.

A. History grounds us in our roots.

B. It stimulates a curiosity that pulls us deeper into the past.

C. History is an essential part of human civilization.

D. What's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons.

E. Being empathetic means listening to and understanding someone else.

F. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures.

G. Learning from our ancestors' wisdom makes us better at handling life's challenges.

Many ground robots move by rolling or walking. But it's more efficient for robots to jump over obstacles (障碍物) than to go around them. Although jumping can offer some robots a competitive edge, engineering that ability has been a challenge for robotics researchers. Some soft robots that store energy can perform a single impressive jump very infrequently. Some lightweight soft robots that don't store energy can jump frequently but can't jump high or far enough to successfully cross an obstacle.

For inspiration, the researchers looked to gall midge larvae (瘿蚊幼虫) that miraculously throw themselves across distances 30 times as long as their loglike bodies. A gall midge larva bends its body and squeezes the liquid in its body to one end, making it rigid (僵硬的). The accumulation of liquid builds up pressure, and releasing the pressure sends it soaring (飙升). The robot's body doesn't resemble (像) that of a gall midge larva, but it jumps like one. Its body is made of two small plastic bags printed with electrodes; the front bag is filled with liquid and the back one is filled with the same volume of air. The robot uses electricity to drive the flow of liquid, which causes the body to bend and generate force with the ground, resulting in a jump. And the air bag imitates the function of an animal's tail, helping the robot keep a stable position.

While the robot is currently restricted to Earth, it might be right at home exploring another planet. If this is true, the researchers robot might jump over dusty rocks and large holes on the moon or Mars, going where no pancake has gone before.

Let's consider the approach. These people are being standoffish. Rather than selling themselves, they're shifting the burden onto someone else to make the sale. If I need a writer, I should reach out to them. If I need a story, I should ask them for an interview. If I need a customer service solution, I should ask them for details. "Let me know if you ever need a ... " sounds like an invitation, but it's really a shrug.

Imagine the situation where I'd assign (分派工作) a story to the writer who used the nine words, "Let me know if you ever need a writer." I would have needed a writer. Just any writer. Just anyone who can string words together. I would have needed to be in a panic, so desperate for someone to contribute to our magazine that I'd stopped thinking about great writers or good writers, or even serviceable writers and simply settled for a writer. This isn't a situation that exists. The world is full of good options! We are not living in times of shortage. If we need a job done, there are plenty of qualified people to do it. Our question is: Who's the best?

If you want to create opportunity for yourself, answer that question convincingly. The first thing to do is show someone you are the opportunity. Hiring you can help them. We also need to stop hiding behind ourselves. Get out in front! Sell yourself and your amazing abilities. Understand someone's problem, and explain exactly why you are the solution. Avoid saying "Let me know if you ever need a ... " Instead, start with: "Let me explain how I can help you."

After several twists and turns, Al Hussein managed to escape from war-torn Syria to Athens, Greece. With no money left on him, he had to sleep on the streets and look for fruit in trees or eat grass from the park. Luckily, he later found work cleaning toilets at a local cafe. He worked every day of the week with no breaks and was proud to be supporting himself. But he was missing something — sport.

Al Hussein used to be a sportsman. As war broke out in Syria in 2011, all sports stadiums were forced to close, but now settled and safe in Athens, he was desperate to return to physical activity. In May, 2015, his prayers were answered. A swimming club gave him permission to train there.

"When I looked at the address I realised it was the Athens Aquatics Centre," says Al Hussein, who, at the age of 16, had watched the 2004 Olympics unfold on a small TV in his cosy Syrian home. "Seeing those Olympics gave me motivation to do sport and although it was a flashback to the past, it was also a look to a better future because I had made it to the pool I'd watched and dreamt of swimming in."

For much of 2015 he swam in the morning and then worked at the cafe until late in the evening. It was tough, but it worked for him and, in early 2016, he secured two medals at the Greek Para Swimming National Championships. People began to take note.