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1、 阅读理解
Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert, seeking a million in prize money. To win, they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours. Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all, because these vehicles were missing a key part — drivers.
DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields. But the Grand Challenge, as it was called, just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance. One had its brake locked up in the starting area. Another began by throwing itself onto a wall. Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles.
One turned upside down. One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote control. One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock. The "winner", if there was any, reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long, narrow hole, and the front wheels caught on fire.
"You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things," says Reinhold Bebringer, who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonies, "Even ants can do all these tasks effortlessly. It's very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines."
The robotic vehicles, though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance, had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately. Sure, that very young child, who has just only learned to walk, may not think to wipe apple juice off her face, but she already knows that when there's a cookie in the kitchen, she has to climb up the table, and that when she gets to the cookie, it will taste good. She is more advanced, even months old, than any machine humans have designed.
(1)、Why did the watchers doubt if any of the vehicles could finish the race?A、They did not have any human guidance. B、The road was not familiar to the drivers. C、The distance was too long for the vehicles. D、The prize money was unattractive to the drivers.(2)、What was the purpose of the race organized by DARPA?A、To raise money for producing more robotic vehicles. B、To push the development of vehicle industry. C、To train more people to drive in the desert. D、To improve the vehicles for future wars.(3)、In the race, what was the greatest distance one robotic vehicle covered?A、Almost two miles. B、Six miles. C、About eight miles. D、About one mile.(4)、What does the writer imply in the last paragraph?A、A robotic vehicle can finish a 142-mile race without any difficulties. B、A little child who has just learned to walk can't reach the cookie on the table. C、A robotic vehicle can't deal with a simple problem that a little child can solve. D、A little child can understand the importance of wiping apple juice off her face. -
2、 阅读理解
David loved his grandson Philip dearly. The boy reminded him of himself at an early age. They had a lot of fun together, exploring the backyard and hiking in the nearby park. However, one weekend, Philip felt ill and had to stay in bed. David made sure to keep his grandson entertained by finding a book they could enjoy together.
Before handing it to Philip, he decided to leaf through it and look back at the story. However, while looking through it, he didn't expect to see another piece of his youth, this time in the form of a photograph of him and his old friends. There were four in the picture — David, Steve, Dorothy, and Teresa. They were neighbors and often went to the beach together. In the photo, the four of them were playing on the sand.
Suddenly, David wondered about the people in the photograph, curious to know where life had taken them.
Philip noticed that and asked "What happened, Grandpa?" David smiled, excitedly taking the book and the photo to Philip. "Look, Philip. This is an old photo of my friends and me!" he said. "I wish I could meet them again." Philip suggested looking for them on Facebook. Through Philip's tablet, they searched for David's friends. To Philip's surprise, they weren't on the social media platform.
David decided to go to his hometown to find Steve, Dorothy, and Teresa. The town had changed a lot and he found that Dorothy's and Steve's houses were no longer there. Still hopeful, David decided to visit the last address, which was Teresa's. A young girl opened the door. "I'm sorry, young lady. I was just looking for Teresa Green, but I might have gotten the address wrong," he said.
Suddenly, the girl shouted, "Grandma, you have a visitor!"
(1)、Why did David find a book to enjoy with Philip?A、Because Philip was entertained most by books. B、Because David intended to show Philip a picture. C、Because David remembered something in the book. D、Because Philip was not in good condition on that day.(2)、What surprised David as he was looking through the book?A、A leaf. B、A picture. C、Some friends. D、Some beach tours.(3)、How did Philip help David search for his friends?A、By posting the picture online. B、By visiting them with David. C、By giving away his tablet as a gift. D、By looking for them on Facebook.(4)、What might the following paragraph probably be about?A、David told Philip about the wrong addresses. B、David talked with the girl about some life lessons. C、David and Teresa managed to contact Steve and Dorothy. D、David apologized sincerely for the trouble he had caused. -
3、 阅读理解
While travel may have been brought to a standstill, it certainly didn't stop progress. Here are just a few of the new attractions in some of our favourite places to visit, writes ALENEY DE WINTER.
A fairy tale (童话) first
The first stages of the H. C. Andersen House in Odense, Denmark — the hometown of the famous fairy tale writer — have opened. The site will also soon be home to a kid's space where more fairy tales will be brought to life. hcandersenshus. dk
A floating (漂浮的) flower garden
Team Lab Planets TOKYO in Toyosu, Tokyo, has shown a new Garden Area with two garden artworks. One of them invites you to get close to 13,000 live orchids (兰花). Visitors will find themselves walking through water and floating as they become one artwork with the flowers. planets. teamlab. art
Sunken (沉没的) city
Dubai landmarks haven't just gone high, they've gone deep! The world's deepest dive pool, Deep Dive Dubai, is the latest record-breaking attraction. More than 60 metres deep, the too-cool pool includes an underwater sunken city for divers to explore on their own or with a guide: Whether you've never dived before or you're an experienced diver, those aged 10 and over are welcomed. deepdivedubai. com
New York's newest island
Park life just got a little more interesting in New York. Little Island @Pier55 is a human-built island park next to the Hudson River Park. The new public space is unlike any other in the Big Apple: visitors can take in views of the Hudson River and New York City, along with music, dance and other performances (表演) in its 687-seat theatre. littleisland. org
(1)、Which of the following websites may a flower lover visit?A、littleisland.org. B、hcandersenshus.dk. C、deepdivedubai.com. D、planets.teamlab.art.(2)、What do we know about Deep Dive Dubai?A、It has set a new record. B、It is aimed at grown-ups. C、It is designed for new divers. D、It encourages self-guided touring.(3)、What can visitors do in Little Island @Pier55?A、Visit a museum. B、Buy some artworks. C、Enjoy performances. D、Learn the history of New York. -
4、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、How does the man book the rooms?A、In his company's name. B、In his friends' names. C、In his name.(2)、How will the man's friends arrive in New York?A、By train. B、By plane. C、By car.(3)、What does the man ask the woman to do for his friends?A、To give them two rooms facing the sea. B、To give them two rooms across from each other. C、To arrange a conference room for them.(4)、How long will the man's friends be staying at the hotel?A、For two weeks. B、For one week. C、For three days.
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5、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、What is the topic of the conversation?A、A school festival. B、A music festival. C、A traditional festival.(2)、What do we know about the festival?A、It's only celebrated in southern China. B、It's held on different days in different areas. C、It started in the Qing Dynasty.(3)、How does the woman mainly sound at the end of the conversation?A、Very Sad. B、Much interested. C、Quite frightened.
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6、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、What happened when the man was reading?A、He dropped his book. B、He fell asleep. C、He found a topic for his paper.(2)、What does the man think of the classroom?A、It is noisy. B、It is quiet. C、It is large.(3)、How does the woman help the man?A、She tells him to shorten his paper. B、She advises him to focus on one place. C、She asks him to turn to his teacher for help.
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7、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、Why is Mr. Smith leaving his position?A、To change a job. B、To travel around the world. C、To move to another country.(2)、How does the man feel about Mr. Smith's leaving?A、Surprised. B、Pleased. C、Disappointed.(3)、What will the man do on Friday afternoon?A、Plan for a meeting. B、Visit a lawyer. C、Attend a party.
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8、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、What do we know about the speakers?A、They are a couple. B、They are good friends. C、They are strangers.(2)、What will the man do for the woman?A、Offer her a free meal. B、Make plans with her and her family. C、Help her create a restaurant business.
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9、What will the woman do next?A、Go to sleep. B、Make the bed. C、Do the dishes.
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10、Where is Jason going today?A、His father's farm. B、The basketball court. C、His grandparents' house.
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11、What is the woman doing?A、Working in the office. B、Having a break from work. C、Watching the sunset.
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12、How much should the woman pay if she buys two T-shirts?A、Eight dollars. B、Ten dollars. C、Twelve dollars.
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13、How long will the speakers wait for the bus to leave?A、15 minutes. B、20 minutes. C、5 minutes.
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14、 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
While walking along the street, the bitter cold of a December day in Barrow was ruining my mood. The temperature was below zero so I rushed into the subway station, hoping to get warm.
Warmth came to my body as I settled onto a bench with a cup of hot coffee. Now I was ready to relax and do some serious people-watching. I noticed a homeless man seated nearby. The pleasant smell of delicious food from the subway food court(美食广场) was attracting me to consider an early dinner. From the longing look in my neighbor's eyes, it was obvious that he, too, noticed the good smell. I wondered how long it had been since he had eaten anything, expecting he would approach me for some food. But he never did. My head and heart were battling it out: the former telling me to mind my own business, and the latter urging me to make an immediate trip to the food court for him.
While this inner debate was fierce, a well-dressed young couple suddenly approached. "Excuse me, sir," began the husband. "We just finished eating and our appetite wasn't as big as we thought. We hate to waste food. Can you help us out and put this to good use?" The kind stranger handed a large container with food. "Thank you." came the grateful reply. Feeling good about what I had seen, but disappointed by my own lack of action, I observed my neighbor's response to his sudden good fortune.
He lifted the soup, cupping his hands around the steaming bowl. It was obvious that he was going to enjoy this miracle meal. He opened mouth and suddenly, he stopped.
The reason for this unexpected behavior soon became clear. Entering the hall was a new arrival, in his seventies, without a hat and gloves. His lightweight jacket was a poor protection against cold. His face and hands were red and damaged. People around focused on him with pity and whispered at this sad sight.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My neighbor was the only one taking action.
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I went to buy food from the food court, with tears welling up in my eyes.
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15、 假定你是李华,上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历,内容包括:(1)你完成的作品;(2)你的感想。
注意:(1)写作词数应为80个左右;(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.
……
Yours,
Li Hua
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16、 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese soup dumpling, also referred to xiaolongbao, is one of the most famous and unique dishes in Chinese cuisine. (origin) starting from the Jiangnan region of China, this popular dish is a favorite among locals and visitors alike, which is often considered must when visiting China.
Xiaolongbao is made (use) a dough(面团) that is rolled out thin and then filled with minced pork, seafood or vegetables. After being carefully folded and placed in a bamboo basket they are then heated up and steamed slowly, the dumplings will be served to customers.
xiaolongbao has been treasured for decades, it wasn't until 2006 that the Shanghai government listed the delicacy in China's national category of protected "treasures". In the past few decades, xiaolongbao (establish) its reputation among Chinese and foreigners. Unlike any other dumplings you may have tried, it is a perfect balance of tender meat filling (combine) with savory broth(肉汤). What's more, it is a true reflection of Chinese people always placing (emphasize) on details.
In a word, if you want to experience the delicate and delicious flavors of Chinese cuisine, you must try xiaolongbao. The more you try it, the more likely you are (get) lost in its flavor.
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17、 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Shane Porter knew clearly that he was dying of cancer when he one day came home with a rusty (生锈的) 1969 Jeepster Commando. He planned to 1 it. And it was intended to be a (n) 2 activity that he could work on with his wife and their two sons for the rest of his time.
The family 3 the project and fixed the vehicle until Shane Porter died after three years. The family couldn't finish the project, but they couldn't imagine 4 the car either. It has emotional value.
So the car sat there — until last May, when Bob Mauger, a close family friend, noticed it and saw a (n) 5 . "This would be a good project for my students to complete," Mauger thought, an automotive technology teacher.
He shared the 6 with his class, and the students were 7 on board. The restoration (整修) of the vehicle was the class' most significant project 8 the meaning behind it. It also proved more 9 than the students had expected with engine parts missing and cooling system issues. It took 15 months to 10 all the problems. Many students spent their free time on the project and some even continued 11 the project after they graduated.
Eventually, the car 12 . It became drivable and safe. The students 13 the revived Jeepster to the family, causing tears of gratitude (感激) and emotion. "I know they'll have that car for a long time. It feels 14 ." Judah Castillo, a student, said. For the Porters, the revived car is more than just a vehicle; it is the 15 of Shane Porter's life and the students' devotion.
(1)A 、repaint B 、repair C 、replace D 、return(2)A 、bonding B 、training C 、uplifting D 、wide-ranging(3)A 、expanded B 、monitored C 、postponed D 、conducted(4)A 、getting hold of B 、getting rid of C 、getting ready for D 、getting used to(5)A 、transformation B 、opportunity C 、challenge D 、responsibility(6)A 、discovery B 、adventure C 、kindness D 、idea(7)A 、unwillingly B 、thankfully C 、enthusiastically D 、obviously(8)A 、instead of B 、in spite of C 、because of D 、in case of(9)A 、complicated B 、changeable C 、technical D 、practical(10)A 、record B 、schedule C 、address D 、question(11)A 、contributing to B 、responding to C 、applying to D 、adapting to(12)A 、approached B 、crashed C 、stopped D 、functioned(13)A 、explained B 、promised C 、presented D 、lent(14)A 、surprising B 、rewarding C 、amusing D 、confusing(15)A 、highlight B 、power C 、beginning D 、symbol -
18、 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are many customary differences between the West and the East, of which are some of China's eating habits, which many Westerners would find quite hard to understand.
Not eating food dropped on a table
I've seen the disgust (恶心) in people's faces here when I've dropped food on the table only to then pick it up and eat it. Our thought is, "A tabletop has had nothing but food on it. No one walks on it, sits on it or throws garbage on it. Why is it considered so dirty?" We don't get it.
Westerners don't want their food near the floor. Dust, germs, etc. are far more likely to get into the rice. I've been in several restaurants and nearly everyone I've seen puts their rice cookers on the floor.
Eating dessert before a meal
Every Western child's dream would be to live in China for the purpose that he/she could eat the dessert before they eat their main meal. I'm not sure about this Western tradition of eating dessert last. In China, it doesn't matter. Westerners would find that very strange.
Drinking hot water with your meal
Often, it has been my experience that many. Chinese will not have a drink (water, tea, etc. ) with a meal. But, when they do, it is usually hot water. However, we westerners like cold water or cold drinks.
A.Putting rice cookers on the floor.
B.The following are just some of them
C.Having noodles or rice every day.
D.Americans do eat a lot of hamburgers.
E.You can have ice cream before your meal.
F.I've often heard that hot water is better for digestion than cold water.
G.In the West, we clean our tabletops quite well.
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19、 阅读理解
Is boredom a thing of the past, like black-and-white television? And, if so, is that a good thing? Julie Robinson, a former teacher who now represents the Independent Association of Prep Schools, thinks that boredom is regarded as an enemy of today's children, and they are losing the ability to become thoughtful and reflective (沉思的).
"We should not fear boredom." said Julie Robinson. "Boredom is valuable to children. Quiet, reflective time is just as important as purposeful activity," she added.
Her opinion is that constant (连续不断的) activity for a child, often the result of the dreams of parents, will lead to concerned and worrying adult. The traditional ideas that children should be constantly active could prevent the development of their imagination. So anything that improves a greater thoughtfulness is to be warmly welcomed.
Parents now feel a sense of failure when they hear their children complain about being bored. They seek an electronic devices (设备) to play games at once. And we didn't feel bored during long car journeys anymore by the impatient "Are we there yet?" because all kinds of electronic devices have been taken along to avoid even a minute of boredom. So what chance do children have to allow their thoughts to wander?
But it's not just children who need lessons in reflection. Adults need that, too. On my train journey to work this morning, I couldn't see a single person who wasn't using an electronic device. No one was simply looking out of the window at the beautiful views of the county side. Not time for quiet thinking, even in the quiet library. There were emails to send, texts to read, and games to play. The wider world, seemingly, didn't exist. The mobile phone has changed many things about our lives, and has developed an inability — among adults as well as children — to live in the present. What Julie Robinson regards is a cross-generational phenomenon: the fear of "inactivity". And she is right.
(1)、Julie Robinson thinks boredom is useful because it makes children____.A、find effective solutions to social problems B、improve the ability to learn knowledge C、have time to think and have their imagination developed D、communicate more with their parents and friends(2)、Which of the following is seen as "inactivity" according to the last paragraph?A、Sending emails on a train. B、Playing games with friends. C、Planning constant activity for children. D、Looking out of the window at the beautiful views.(3)、The author mentioned the train journey to show that____.A、the trip on a quiet train was very boring B、the view of the countryside was beautiful C、people had too much work to do D、electronic devices influence people's life greatly(4)、Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A、Both adults and children like to stay alone and recall their past days. B、People fail to leave their children enough time to think and imagine. C、Electronic devices are always good for both children and adults. D、Parents should tell their children how to use a mobile phone. -
20、 阅读理解
As a young girl growing up in France, Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place. Her passion to help others was awakened when, from the age of nine, she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays. There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.
Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification (沙漠化). "Within10 years rich farmers became worse off, and in 10 years from now they will be poor. I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks." A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia's agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.
Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change. She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable (可持续的) crops, using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers (肥料) rather than chemicals.
In 2012, Toumi continued her dream to fight the desert. She moved to Tunisia, and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action. "I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are. Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water."
By September2016, more than 130, 000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms, with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate. Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia's farmland. She expects to plant l million trees by 2028. In the next couple of years, Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco.
(1)、How did Toumi's holiday trips to Tunisia influence her?A、They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. B、They helped her better understand her father. C、They made her decide to leave the country. D、They destroyed her dream of being a teacher.(2)、What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia's farmland?A、Cold weather. B、Soil pollution. C、Low rainfall. D、Forest damage.(3)、Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia?A、To create job opportunities for young people. B、To promote the protection of their farmland. C、To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D、To help the children obtain a basic education.(4)、Which of the following can be the best title to the text?A、Saving Water in Africa B、Fighting Poverty in North Africa C、Holding back the Sahara D、Planting Trees in Tunisia