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So that's the theory, but what does this look like in our everyday lives?. But should we let these experiences stop us from trusting people in the future? Schopenhauer's advice would probably be "yes".For example, a previous study found that individuals with strong social connections have a 50% increased likelihood of survival. Additionally, the National Institute on Aging reports that the health risks of long-term isolation (隔离)are equal to smoking 15 cigarettes a day.Psychological therapist (心理治疗师) Hilary Sanders explains that behaviors like isolation or anger can serve as survival strategies during childhood. These defenses may protect us for a short time, but if they last too long, they can stop us from making real connections.

In conclusion, the natural longing for connection drives us to seek out meaningful relationships, even when we know that weakness can lead to emotional pain. Unlike hedgehogs, humans don't have the quills.So when we learn to lower our defenses for safe people, there's a chance we actually can have it all—the warmth of true relationships without the fear of being hurt.

A. However, modern research offers a different perspective.

B. This metaphor shows how important it is to fit in with nature.

C. Most of the defensive reactions originate from early experiences.

D. These experiences can make it difficult to trust others in the future.

E. Many people share stories of emotional pain from close relationships.

F. This is similar to humans' struggle to balance closeness and self-protection.

G. We have the ability to choose whom we trust and how we protect ourselves.

Cameras showed an "amazing" drop in the number of animals up to 23 days before a major quake hit their rainforest home at Yanachaga National Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, from Anglia Ruskin University, said, "The results showed that just before the earthquake, animals' activity dropped right down."

On a normal (正常的) day the cameras placed around Yanachaga National Park record between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days before the earthquake, the number of animals dropped to five or fewer per day. No animals were photographed at all on five of the seven days immediately before the quake.

Another study showed that animal activity remained normal in the park over a different period when seismic (地震的) activity was low. Co-author, professor Friedemann Freund, said, "The cameras were located at an altitude of 900 meters. If air ionization (电离) occurred, the animals would escape to the valley below, where there were fewer positive ions (离子). With their ability to sense their environment, animals can help us understand small changes that occur before major earthquakes."

Other evidence suggested that before the earthquake, the air around the high mountain sites is filled with positive ions that can be produced when rocks are placed under stress. Positive ions have been known to cause ill effects in humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made to feel uncomfortable by the positive ions, leading them to avoid the area. They are thought to have escaped to lower ground, where the air was less ionized. The findings may help experts develop better short-term seismic forecasts.

Students in three different courses, almost 400 participants, completed a survey about their use of AI on at least five reflective writing assignments. All three courses used an identical AI policy and students had the choice to use the tool for their writing.

While only about one-third of the students used AI, the majority of users, 81 percent, reported their GenAI use was inspired by at least one of the following factors: speed and ease in completing the assignment, a desire for high grades and a desire to learn. About 15 percent of the students said they were motivated by all three factors, with more than 50 percent using it to save time on the assignment.

"There is a lot of speculation (猜想) when it comes to students' use of AI," MacNutt says. "However, students in our study reported that GenAI use was motivated more by learning than by grades, and they are using GenAI tools selectively (有选择地) and in ways they believe are ethical and supportive of their learning. This was somewhat unexpected due to the common view that undergraduate students have become increasingly focused on grades at the expense of learning."

MacNutt says continued research in this area can only provide a better understanding of student behaviour and attitudes as GenAI technologies continue to advance. She also suggests, while AI continues to be used more frequently, that institutions and educators adopt an approach that reflects "collaboration with" rather than "surveillance of" students.

Knowing I hadn't yet experienced what real scuba diving is all about, I spent hours researching where the best places to dive were. Before I knew it. I was on an airplane to Belize. Less than a day after I arrived, and just a few minutes into my first ocean dive. I was already diving straight down and found myself 80 feet underwater. It's the kind of extraordinary water having such great visibility (能见度) that you can see clearly for hundreds of feet around you.

Within minutes our 4-person dive group was surrounded by numerous nurse sharks, a moray eel (海鳗), large groupers and sea turtles. I was madly in love with scuba diving. As we reached the bottom, a lone nurse shark swam right under me. More started to arrive. Just as I was shooting pictures of the action and not paying attention to anything or anyone else around, I looked up to see a bright green threatening face headed straight for me. He wasn't the least bit shy. He had apparently never heard of personal space. After he decided to swim by me without causing any bodily harm, I was both relieved and excited.

This will always be that one special dive that changed everything and I get to watch it any time I find myself missing the water.

Alton Towers-Staffordshire, England

Alton Towers is the most visited theme park in the UK. It offers rides such as the popular 800-meter-long roller coaster. If you want to experience the feeling of flying, head for the famous ride Air, where you'll need to avoid objects and trees as you soar through the sky. The park also features many other attractions, including live shows.

Tickets: £43 per adult and £21 per child. Children under the age of 3 enter for free.

Ferrari World-Yas Island, Abu Dhabi

Abu Dhabi in the Middle East is home to the world's largest indoor theme park. Its main attraction is Formula Rossa — officially the fastest roller coaster in the world. The ride goes from 0 to 239 kilometers per hour in less than five seconds. The force is so strong that those brave enough to try it have to wear safety glasses.

Tickets: £40 per adult and half price for children under 1.2 meters tall.

Disneyland Paris-Paris, France

Disneyland Paris creates a fantasy world that both children and adults can enjoy. Disneyland Park gives children the chance to meet their favorite Disney characters and even explore Sleeping Beauty's castle. Exciting roller coasters keep the whole family entertained for hours.

Tickets: £85 per adult and £81 per children. Children under the age of 3 can enjoy the Disney Parks, free of charge. For big fans of Disneyland, a Disneyland Pass is recommended — £289 for adults and £223 for children per year — allowing unlimited access to 170 days per year.

Oakwood Theme Park-Pembrokeshire, Wales

If you're eager to experience high-speed turns and sudden drops, this is the park for you. Be brave and try the Megafobia roller coaster, a wooden ride that's sure to make you scream.

Tickets: £48 per adult and £22 per children. Children under the age of 3 get in for free.

When I first moved to the new community, I found it difficult to adapt. Everything was unfamiliar, and I felt like an outsider in a place where everyone seemed to know each other.

One day, I returned from a morning walk with my dog. At the front door, I dug around in my pockets for the keys, only to realize that I had lost them. As all of them are tied together including my car key, I decided to return to the paths we'd taken. I spent an hour looking, brushing aside tall grasses, but the keys remained lost. I was beginning to get upset as I thought of the consequences of losing them, so I continued to retrace (折返) our steps, but the result was disappointing.

Back home again, I pulled the backup key from its hiding place, let myself in the house, and fell on the chair in exhaustion (筋疲力尽). The house key wasn't that important as I had an extra. I had a spare car key, but there was often something wrong with it, and the key would be expensive to replace. The iron heart made by my grandson was precious beyond measure. Thinking of it being gone forever made tears come to my eyes.

That night, it turned colder and we had a snow. Suddenly I heard the noise of my car alarm from the garage (车库). I rushed to the car, put the extra key into the door and finally opened it, and then I hurriedly tried my best to stop the alarm. I felt red-faced as I imagined my next-door neighbours being disturbed and annoyed.

I went back in the house but the alarm started again. I turned it off, went back inside, and the alarm sounded again. I repeated the process. Back in the house, I waited, but the next sound was the front doorbell. Thinking it was a neighbour ready to complain at me, I opened the door cautiously(谨慎地). To my surprise, in the light snow stood three neighbours from several streets away.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

The warmth and kindness radiating from their smiles instantly melted (融化) away any sadness I had felt earlier.

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Feeling grateful and relieved, I invited them inside for some hot tea.

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(1)讲座的时间、地点和目的；

(2)讲座的内容；

(3)大家的感受。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为80个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

An Inspiring Lecture On Technology In Our School

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The Mongolian art of singing: Khoomei (呼麦), or Hooliin Chor (throat harmony), is a style of singing in a single performer produces a diversified harmony of multiple voice parts, including a continued bass (低音) element (produce) in the throat. These singers may perform alone in groups.

Khoomei (practise) today among Mongolian communities in several countries, (especial) in Inner Mongolia in northern China, western Mongolia and the Tuva Republic of Russia. Traditionally performed on the occasion of routine ceremonies, songs express respect and praise for the natural world, for the ancestors of the Mongolian people and for great (hero). The form is reserved for special events and group activities such as horse races, archery and wrestling tournaments, large banquets and sacrificial ceremonies. The timing and order of songs is often strictly regulated. Khoomei has long been regarded as a central element (represent) Mongolian culture and remains a strong symbol of (nation) or ethnic identity. As a window into the philosophy and aesthetic values of the Mongol people, it has served a kind of cultural emissary (使者) promoting understanding and friendship among China, Mongolia and Russia, and has attracted attention around the world as unique form of musical expression.

Born in 1960 in Netherlands, Bouman is now a professor at Tongji University in Shanghai. A 45-kg bag and an 18-kg1 are all that carried Bouman on the long2 that crossed about 300 rivers,3 over 100 mountains and travelled through three deserts and regions with 16 different languages. "From Amsterdam to Shanghai, the journey was never just about the4 . My bicycle became a companion, and a way to5 the world up close. I am6 to learn more about the relationship and interconnection between the East and the West, so curiosity is my7 , " writes Bouman in his blog.

Among the many8 that he faced were heat, cold, headwinds, distance, mountains, floods, bad roads, wild animals, and sometimes the necessary distrust to get out of a situation9 , according to his blog.

He10 people to search for cycling experiences to go on a long tour, as it can bring them closer to11 and reality. For travellers, he advises them to12 respect to local customs and manners and to listen and13 more. For young people, he emphasizes the14 of seeing things by making15 efforts and cultivating their memories rather than absorbing ideas on computers.

Water is one of the few substances necessary to sustain (维持) life, but pure water may be difficult to find. Exhaustion (疲劳) will cause you to sweat heavily, resulting in a salt shortage that causes dehydration (脱水). An easy way to collect water is to collect dew (露水) in the morning for water.

Feeling of hunger can be ignored with a positive attitude. Some people have to eat insects, earthworms and other animals that are easy to catch. Plants, however, should not be eaten unless they are not poisonous. Knobby berries, such as blackberries and raspberries, are also simple to identify.

In heavy rains or snow, you can build a shelter with branches and ropes. Use as many branches as possible for added stability and protection against the wind and weather. If you are in a desert environment, try to build an underground shade shelter to avoid sun exposure.

Remember calm is extremely important in any emergency. Find a water source, identify food to gather and find shelter. By focusing on these basics, you can turn yourself into a survivor.

A. Nuts are easy to identify and are nutritious.

B. Water can set the line between life and death.

C. Keep your body temperature as normal as possible.

D. If there is a shortage of water, do not exhaust yourself.

E. Protection from extreme temperatures is another concern.

F. Come up with a plan and don't waste time or energy by getting upset.

G. But food is another necessity if you are lost for a longer period of time.

The Voyage 2, first launched in 1977, has been helping scientists study faraway planets and understand how the heliosphere (日球层) protects Earth. With Voyage 2's power supply running out, NASA was about to shut down one of its five science instruments on the spacecraft. To keep it going, engineers had already given up heaters and other nonessential parts that used power.

However, engineers have now found a way to use reserve power from a safety mechanism to support Voyager 2. The move will enable the mission to put off shutting down a science instrument until 2026, rather than this year.

Ed Stone, who was the chief scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab, has spent over half his life dedicated to the Voyager programme. He said, "What it revealed was how complex the solar system really is. Before Voyager, the only known active volcanoes were here on Earth. And the only known oceans in the solar system were here on Earth. But we have known more since the Voyager programme started."

Voyager 2 and its twin, Voyager 1 (launched the same year), are the only spacecrafts to have ventured beyond the heliosphere. Voyager 2 is 12.3 billion miles away from Earth and counting. Voyager 1, also facing an expiration (到期) date as it also loses power, is 14.7 billion miles away.

"The science data that the Voyager are returning gets more valuable the farther away from the Sun they go, so we are definitely interested in keeping as many science instruments operating as long as possible," Linda Spilker, the Voyager programmes project scientist at the Jet Propulsion Lab said.

NASA, meanwhile, has been working to make sure the Voyager doesn't end up with a slow failure, with officials weighing expensive and complex suggestions from several groups for a new, long-term probe.

The researchers said ARTEMIS is one of only a few humanoid robots that can run. It can also jump and walk on different kinds of surfaces without losing its balance. The robot also can kick a ball and remain standing even when kicked or hit. The engineers who built the robot said it can walk at a speed of 2.1 metres per second. This could make ARTEMIS the world's fastest walking humanoid robot.

The team said the goal of the project was to create a robot that can perform many human-like activities, particularly playing the sport of soccer. To do this, engineers said they modeled the devices that control the robot after human muscles. ARTEMIS uses a series of sensors and cameras to help it move and position itself.

Dennis Hong is a UCLA professor of engineering and the director of the university's Robotics and Mechanisms Laboratory. He explained in a statement the reason ARTEMIS can keep good balance even when walking and running over uneven surfaces. It is because the robot is "getting both feet off the ground while in motion," Hong said. He added, "This is a first-of-its-kind robot." Another difference between ARTEMIS and other humanoid robots is that it is controlled electrically instead of by hydraulics (水力学). The developers said this makes the robot quieter and cleaner running. Over the next few weeks, they will work on perfecting the robot's soccer playing skills.

One member of the team, student Justin Quan, said his personal goal is engineering robots that can improve people's lives. "Seeing these robots helping push the robot technology to that next level is really rewarding because you're like, oh, the dream, it gets closer," he said.

Now Renee is a member of the Carmel Fire Department, where she is required to be an Emergency Medical Technician. She should also be ready to deal with any emergency, like fighting a fire, dealing with a car accident or helping someone who's sick. Sometimes she is in the driver's seat or using the water pump. Renee works nine to eleven days a month on 24-hour shifts. She also has a family to care for, as her husband is also a busy fire fighter. Dealing with housework and working so much can show her great determination.

When I asked Renee what the best part of her job was, she replied, "Helping people and saving lives." I think that shows signs of being a true hero. She's always willing to do anything for anyone in need. Renee says that her job is frightening at times, but extremely exciting. "The worst part of my job is that I see death. Actually, sometimes people die in the accident, for which I am very sorry." With 140 people in her station, Renee is one of the only three women, but that doesn't bother her. She says everyone can get a fair shot and do the same jobs.

I was inspired by this because I knew I would be very scared to do her job and didn't know if I could handle seeing people die. We would never live without people like her who have the courage to risk their lives. Renee's determination rubs off on me and makes me believe that I can do anything.

Corduroy

It's about a little bear, Corduroy, in a toy shop. He has lost one of his buttons. This makes him very sad because he wants to be taken home by a kid. So he decides to find a new button. Corduroy contains some hard words. So you'd better use a dictionary while reading it.

Price: $18; a 10% discount on Sunday

Curious George

Curious George, a monkey, is a little too interested in everything, which causes humans to bring him from the forest to a big city. However, there he calls the fire department, is sent to prison, escapes from prison and is carried into the sky by balloons. Though the book uses a lot of short and simple sentences, some of its words are not simple.

Price: $20; a 20% discount on Sunday

The Story of Ferdinand

Ferdinand, a bull, loves to smell the flowers in the grasslands. One day people come to pick a male cow for bullfights. Ferdinand doesn't want to be chosen, but a bee stings (蜇) him. It causes him to jump around crazily, so he's picked. In Ferdinand's first fight, he lies down to smell the flowers instead of fighting. So he is sent back to the grassland. The book has many similar stories that bring laughter. And it has everything that makes a children's book great for English learners—simple and hard words.

Price: $16; a 10% discount on Sunday

Green Eggs and Ham

In this book, a cat named Sam really likes green eggs and meat. So he offers them to a friend. Read the book to see if his friend likes the meal or not. This book is a poem. Despite the simple vocabulary, the words are used in a way that feels smart.

Price: $15; a 5% discount on Sunday

It was in the 1930s, and things were tough. Mum had a hard time raising us on her own in our small community of New Westminster, BC. My dad had drowned in Pitt Lake, five years ago.

Looking back, I realize what Mum went through sending us kids to school. Every morning she would put a new piece of cardboard in our shoes, because the bottom parts were worn out. When we got home, Mum would have "French toast" ready for us. Constant moving was typical for my family in those times. Rent was 25 dollars a month, but Mum couldn't pay it, and we knew we would be evicted right after Christmas on the first of January.

Christmas was approaching, and we were entitled to a twenty-five-dollar Christmas fund from social services. The inspector came to our house, and searched it from top to bottom to be sure we didn't have any food hidden away. When he didn't find any, he issued the cheque to Mum.

Mum said that instead of buying food, she would use the 25 dollars to pay back rent, assuring all of us a roof over our heads for a little while longer. She told us then there would be nothing for Christmas.

Unknown to Mum, I had been selling Christmas tree, cleaning snow, and doing part-time jobs to earn enough money to buy a new pair of boots. Boots that weren't patched, boots with no cardboard in the soles. I knew exactly which boots I wanted. They were ten-inch Top Genuine Pierre Paris and they had a price of 23 dollars.

Well, the big day came on the afternoon of Christmas Eve. I was excited, as I hurried up the road to the shoe store, but on the way I noticed a house with Christmas lights and decorations. It was then I realized at our house, we had no lights, no decorations, nor any money for Christmas meals. I knew that we would have no turkey or ham for Christmas, and I felt sad.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右;

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

As I continued walking, I began to reconsider my plan.

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With great excitement and tears, I knocked on the door of our house.

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1. 你的建议；

2. 你的理由。

注意：词数80左右。

Dear radio station,

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You have heard about tea's health benefits, but not all the news（be） good. The latest study, led by Farhad Islami, from the American Cancer Society, has found that（drink）too hot tea may double your risk of esophagus（食道）cancer.

While previous studies have found a link hot drinks and this type of cancer, this is the first study to（accurate）figure out the temperature at which a hot liquid becomes risky. Dr. Islami and his colleagues find that the constant damage of stomach（cause）by swallowing the hot liquids may speed up the growth of cancer. While the（result）are unsettling, it may help you to know that out of the more than 49,000 tea drinkers in study, only 317 developed esophagus cancer. In other words, the overall risk is still small.

The study has also showed that although black and green teas have antioxidants（抗氧化剂） can help reduce cancer risk, there are other unknown compounds（化合物）in the teas that may have a harmful effect on your body when they（make）too hot. Before drinking hot teas, is wise to wait until they cool down.

In 2006, Doyne took a trip in Nepal, Asia. Having grown up in New Jersey, Doyne was2 to see so many orphaned children living on the streets. One day, she saw a little girl named Hema carrying3 to and from the village. She earned two dollars a day to support herself. She later found out that there were 80 million children across the globe living like Hema. She thought to herself, "4 the 80 million. What if I start with Hema?" It was then that she decided to take Hema under her wing and pay for her education.

But helping Hema was not enough for Doyne. Doyne used her5   to buy an acre of land. Then, she built the kids a home, the Kopila Valley Children's Home.

Now, the Do Something Foundation is doing something for Doyne. The organization provides resources and support for teens that want to make a(n)6 in the world. On Thursday night, the foundation7 Doyne the $100,000 prize winner of the 2009 Do Something Award.

The Kopila Valley Children's Home8 opened its doors in 2008. Doyne, now 22 years old, has helped more than 700 other orphans find families. She also9 a program that provides scholarships for10families to send their children to school. The children learn basic skills such as sewing and cooking. They also grow their own food in their garden and raise farm animals.

Doyne11 that she didn't have it all12 when she first arrived in Nepal. "I just felt that there was something there for me," she said. Her parents were13 of her.14 it was a challenge to persuade other adults that an 18-year-old girl could complete such a big project, Doyne never gave up on fund raising. In just over a year, she had enough money to build her dream home.

Doyne's story is a good15 that although we cannot solve all the world's problems on our own, we can take the first step of solving one problem.

With winter approaching, people begin to complain about cold weather. There' s plenty to love about cold weather. And there' s plenty of evidence that cooler temperatures can be part of a healthy life.

First, cooler temperatures can help you lose weight. It can also help you sleep better. You might feel uncomfortable at first if you cool your bedroom down. But if you, for example, switch your bedroom temperature from 72 down to 62 degrees gradually over a few weeks, your body will adjust.

I have long kept my winter house temperature at 62 degrees. How did I find that number? Well, I experimented on myself about eight years ago. I started at 66 and turned it down one degree every few days until 60. I found when the temperature was colder than 62, I couldn't focus. But 62 was perfect. Another benefit for me was that it also kept me clear-headed while working at home.

Interestingly, science also says 62 degrees is the magic number for brainwork. It said 62 degrees was the temperature at which the schoolboy subjects of the study functioned perfect. And while we' re speaking of work and school, other research shows that people study better when the weather outside is "bad".

But according to a Harvard Health Letter from 2010, proper cold temperatures could be good for skin because it trains blood vessels in the skin to be responsive. So, rosy cheeks ! There' s no reason to be afraid of winter weather. Hug it and you, too, can enjoy the season.

A. I recently read a 1972 study.

B. And you'll save money on energy costs as well.

C. Many people like to use cold water to wash their face.

D. At that time, I worked at home and liked warm temperature.

E. Most of us think cold weather leads to dry skin and wrinkling.

F. The reason was that I hated spending money on heating bills.

G. But if you' re active and healthy, it doesn't have to be a negative thing.

This strange case got the attention of David Dunning, a psychologist at Cornell University. He asked his graduate student Justin Kruger to help figure out what was going on. They found that almost everyone thinks their abilities (like social skills or thinking skills) are good, but some people mistakenly believe their abilities are much better than they really are. This wrong sense of confidence is now called the "Dunning-Kruger effect."

To study this, Dunning and Kruger did experiments with college students. In one test, they asked students questions about grammar, logic and jokes. Then they had the students guess their scores and how they did compared to others. The students who scored the lowest overestimated their abilities the most. For example, those at the bottom thought they did better than two-thirds of the other students!

It's common for people to overestimate their abilities. But the problem with unskilled people is that they not only make bad choices — they also can't tell they're making mistakes. In a year-long study, good students could better guess their future exam scores if they got feedback (反馈) on their grades. But poor students still didn't realize they were doing badly, even when they got clear, repeated feedback. Instead of thinking about their mistakes, they insisted they were right. As Charles Darwin wrote in The Descent of Man (1871): "Ignorance more frequently begets confidence than does knowledge."

Interestingly, very smart people also can't assess their abilities accurately. Just as D and F students overestimate their skills, A students underestimate theirs. The difference is: if given helpful feedback, skilled people can adjust their self-assessment — but unskilled people can't.