相关试卷

We all love butterflies. Their beautiful wings attract us, and their presence lights up our garden. Well, that's our view of butterflies, but have you ever wondered what plants think of them?

The butterflies' eggs lie on the underside of the leaves. The eggs themselves don't damage plants. However, upon coming into contact with the eggs, the plants become oversensitive. It means that once a plant recognizes a pest, it will cause death in the contacted plant part. When these dead leaves or partial leaf parts break away from the plant, the eggs on them fall off. Along with the hypersensitivity response, plants also produce something special, which can attract animals to cat the eggs, thus preventing damage in the future.

After the baby butterflies come out of their eggs, the caterpillar (毛虫) stage begins. Most caterpillars feed on the leaves of the plants, damaging some of the plants in your own garden. Incredibly, they are major plant pests that bring about major losses to farmers. The next stage is pupa (蛹). The caterpillars begin their change into an adult. They don't depend on the energy that the leaves provide. Finally, they become adult butterflies that have wings and move from one plant to the other. They feed on the sweet liquid produced by flowers.

While on their search for food, the butterflies carry pollen (花粉) on their body. They are key pollinators that place pollen from one flower to another in ecosystem. Plants that have flowers will create some special features to draw these pollinators' attention. Certain plants have flowers giving off smells that can charm butterflies when they are looking for a mate. Some plants even have flat flowers to assist butterflies when landing.

Butterflies aid in pollination during their final adult stage. Thus, they change into beneficial insects to plants. This change makes butterflies an important friend of plants, despite being a hated enemy in previous life cycle stages!

A new study warns that more than a fifth of all reptile (爬行动物) species are threatened with extinction, which may have a bad impact on the planet.

The largest ever analysis of the state of the world's reptiles, published in Nature, has showed that 21% of the reptile species are facing extinction. The study says from lizards to snakes, such a loss could have disastrous impacts on ecosystems around the world.

Although many reptiles live in dry environments such as deserts, most species occur in forests, where they suffer from threats such as logging of land for agriculture. 30% of the forest-dwelling reptiles are at risk of extinction, compared with 14% in dry habitats. Hunting is also a major threat to reptiles, especially turtles and crocodiles, many of which are at risk of extinction. Another major contributing factor is the introduction of invasive species.

"If we removed reptiles, it could change ecosystems fundamentally, with unfortunate knock-on effects, such as increases in pest insects," said Neil Cox, co-leader of the study. "Biodiversity, including reptiles, supports the ecosystem services that provide a healthy environment for people."

Our hope is that this first-ever assessment of the world's 10,000-plus reptiles helps put them in the spotlight and goes some way to highlighting this diversity, and just how much we have to lose. As well as controlling rats, mosquitoes and other pests, reptiles deliver many other benefits. "They help spread seeds, especially in island environments," said researcher Hoffmann. "We've also achieved many medical advances from studies of reptiles."

The results of the study are not all doom and gloom. Scientists have found, surprisingly, that if they set out to protect places where threatened birds, mammals and amphibians (两栖动物) live together, they'll meanwhile protect many more threatened reptiles.

Sarah was not an early riser. But what made the annoying early morning hours bearable was the comforting smell of fresh coffee floating in the air. Her favorite coffee shop was just a few minutes away from her apartment.

One sunny morning, Sarah rushed to get dressed. Having a job interview, she felt anxious, afraid to be late. She grabbed her car key, dashed out of the door and made her way to her familiar coffee shop as usual. As she joined the line of cars at the drive through, the smell of roasted coffee beans and the thought of the first taste of coffee were her little daily luxury. The line inched forward, and soon, Sarah found herself at the drive-through window. She reached for her purse to pay, but before she could hand over her credit card, the coffee shop assistant smiled and said, "Your coffee has been covered by the car ahead of you." Sarah was taken aback. "Really?" she asked, feeling astonished and grateful. The assistant nodded. The unexpected act of kindness put a smile on her face, making her upcoming interview feel a little relaxing.

As she exited the drive-through, Sarah glanced in her rear view mirror (后视镜) at the next car approaching the coffee shop window. An idea began to come into her mind. Maybe she could do the same and brighten someone else's morning. She decided to return to the coffee shop. Inside, she approached the cashier and said, "I'd like to pay for the coffee of the person in the car behind me." The assistant smiled and nodded again.

As Sarah eventually left the coffee shop, Sarah couldn't help but wonder how the next driver would react. A wave of satisfaction washed over Sarah as she witnessed the continuation of the coffee chain. She knew she had just initiated a chain of generosity and kindness.

Bristol Old Vic

When the Theatre Royal (now Bristol Old Vic) was built, electricity hadn't been discovered. For over 250 years the people who have owned, worked inside and visited the theatre have kept records about their activity. These are kept safe at the University of Bristol Theatre Collection, and you'll discover a range of documents which record the history of the theatre, from its foundation in 1764 up until the present day. Here are some of them.

BEGINNING

In 1764 businessmen Alexander Edgar and Thomas Symons suggested building a new theatre between Baldwin Street and the back of Coopers' Hall in King Street. The estimated cost was £2,000 to be split among 40 subscribers, but the building work cost more than expected. Owning shares allowed them to influence decisions about the theatre.

SILVER TICKET

Each of the original Bristol Old Vic shareholders was given a silver ticket that promised sight of any performance held at the theatre. As the holders were clever businessmen, they insisted that the silver tickets could be loaned or traded. This enabled them to make some extra money but made it extremely difficult for the theatre managers to keep track of who was allowed to see shows for free.

250TH BIRTHDAY

In May 2016, the theatre celebrated its 250th birthday! As the oldest continuously-working theatre in the English-speaking world, it deserved a proper party, so Bristol-based Limbic Cinema was hired to create a film of the theatre's historical highlights which was projected (放映) onto the theatre itself.

It was the beginning of spring and Lucy was in the backyard with her grandchild, Jack. Jack was playing soccer when Lucy asked, "I'm going to start planting my garden. Do you want to help me?"

"What are you going to plant, Granny?" asked Jack ."I like big, yellow sunflowers."

"I'm going to plant vegetables. That way we can have them to eat when they are ready," Lucy replied.

"How long does that take?" asked Jack. He sometimes liked vegetables, especially carrots.

"It will take a few months before anything is ready to eat, "Lucy answered. Jack was surprised.

"Months? Why would you do all that work and then have to wait so long?" Jack said. "You should just go to the store and buy them."

"Be patient, my dear! Don't you know food always tastes best when you grow it yourself?" Lucy said. "And if you come to help, it won't be too much work."

"I'll help you, Granny, "offered Jack. He put down the soccer and went to look at the gardening tools Lucy had prepared.

Lucy taught Jack how to use a trowel(铲) to dig small rows for the seeds. Then, Lucy showed Jack how to place the seeds into each hole and how to cover the holes with soil. Lastly, Jack wrote the names of the vegetables on sticks that Lucy pushed into the ground. "This way we can remember which vegetable seeds we planted, "Lucy explained.

Once everything was planted, Jack filled the watering can so that Lucy could make the soil nice and wet for the seeds to start to grow.

"Now we just water them a little bit every day, and with time and sunlight, we'll have delicious things to eat in the summer, "Lucy said. They had never been so excited for summer before.

注意：1. 续写词数为 120 左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

注意：1. 总词数应为80 左右;2. 邮件首句和结尾已为你写好；3.文中不出现你的真实学校名字。

Dear Mike,

How is everything going on with you?

……

Hope my suggestions can be of great help.

Yours,

Li Hua

Tang Sancai (唐三彩) is a type of beautiful Chinese pottery (陶器). It mainly has three colors, yellow, green,  white As the treasure of ancient Chinese pottery arts, it is said that Tang Sancai was first discovered in the last century,  a railway was being built in Luoyang, Henan Province.

Tang Sancai was made  adding metallic oxides(金属氧化物) and firing the object  (create) different colors  great variety of colors appeared in the mixture of different metals The materials in it  ( gradual) took on different colors when heated, producing an  (impress) effect with an artistic attraction 

With unique shapes, Tang Sancai pieces cover almost every field of life, from (model) of buildings to articles of everyday use, from horses, plants to toys. Figures on Sancai pieces are mostly women in the palace,  (show) the colorful life and the splendid culture of the Tang Dynasty Tang Sancai  (sell) to foreign countries in the early Tang dynasty and won great favor. It has always been famous for its bright colors and pleasing shapes.

Last September, I entered high school. I was upset since everything seemed to be1  to me At home, I was also very 2  My older brother and sister had their friends They both 3  Why couldn't I?

Recently, my grades had gone down along with my lack of 4  One day, when I was doing my homework in the bedroom, I kept making mistakes. So I tore(撕) the paper out of my notebook and 5  it Soon the floor was littered with paper It gave me a sense of 6  to see the mess as if it 7  all my weakness When my mom passed by and blamed(责备) me for the mess, I was even more upset. What had happened to Mom who used to love me with complete 8  ? I didn't try to 9  my pain Angrily, standing up, I shut the door 10  without a word 

The next day, I came home and found no one. I was happy not to be met with Mom's11 I opened my bedroom door and was 12 to see the clean floor Then I noticed the note on my bed I 13 Mom's perfect handwriting at once, "Dear Karole, I'm truly sorry that I have been very 14 with you lately I only expect you to be happy Love, Mom "At that moment, a weight seemed to be 15 from me I suddenly realized Mom still loved me the same way, and that I should love myself too.

How to Stay Awake During School

If you've ever pulled an all-nighter or had a bad night of sleep, you know it's difficult to stay awake in class when you're tired So how to keep yourself awake?   

·Taking part in class

 They are great ways to force yourself to stay awake because they require your mind and your body to work together. To effectively listen to your teacher, you should try to maintain eye contact, face the speaker, and pay close attention. Also, group discussions are a great time to keep yourself awake. Try to sit yourself near people who always volunteer in class and have a lot to say in discussion.

·Keeping your body active

Walk around before or after class  For example, go outside during breaks and get your blood moving to keep your body awake. Besides, you can stretch a little in your chair to help you feel refreshed. You can start by rolling your wrists, shoulders, and neck. After you stop moving, you might feel tired again, but it can help a little bit.

●

Whether your class is in the morning; afternoon, or evening, eating three regular and balanced meals per day will help you fight tiredness But you should avoid heavy foods right before class as they can make you sleepy. By the way, especially in a class, a bottle of cold water can kick in right when you might start sleeping. Come to class with a bottle of cold water. You'll also get a little energy from the coldness every time you take a drink.

A. Preparing a little bit drinks

B. Staying awake with food and drinks.

C. Here are some creative strategies you can get with

D. Physical activity tells your body it's not time for sleep

E. The food will give you energy and help you stay awake

F. You'll be near people who are more likely to join the class

G. Listen actively to the lesson and discuss with your classmates

Young children are always growing bigger than their shoes, which create s a lot of waste. However, a company, Woolybubs, came up with new shoes that don't get thrown away when they no longer fit the owners; they get dissolved(溶解) instead.

Woolybubs was created by Megan and Jesse Milliken, once a shoe designer in a famous company, who are the parents of three young children. They know firsthand how much waste a family creates. Sure, clothing and shoes can be handed down to younger children but there comes a time when they end up in a landfill(垃圾填埋场). So JesseMilliken and his wife started talking about changing their lives and doing something to help the planet. Therefore, Milliken left the company where he worked. Then he and his wife began to focus on one of the most wasteful parts of the clothing market ——shoes.

The new shoes are actually made of 100 percent silk that is coated with a special form of plastic called PVA that is used in lots of other products. The shoes are made to last long enough to be handed down to a second child. "It took us almost a year to develop this special material," Milliken said. The baby shoes won't dissolve if you handwash them, or if you get caught in the rain; they only decompose if they are boiled for 40 minutes The liquid(液体) that remains after boiling is safe.

Woolybubs also has shoes that are made from other recycled materials. When these shoes wear out, they can be sent back to the company to be recycled. The company decided to continue searching for new ways to make its products greener ."We are always looking for new solutions to reduce the environmental influence on the planet, "Milliken said.