相关试卷

When you explain someone's behavior based on internal factors, like assuming the person who cuts you off is a rude person, but attributing (把……归因于) your own behavior to external situational factors, you are engaging in the actor-observer bias.

So why does the actor-observer effect occur? The general explanation is that it occurs as a defense mechanism for maintaining high personal dignity. We would rather believe that our faults come from factors we cannot control because then we cannot change them and it is easier for us to accept the outcome.

The actor-observer bias is the cause of many arguments between the actor and the observer as a result of a misunderstanding of the effect of external and internal factors. How can we stop thinking this way and become more sympathetic to the people around us? This is where it gets tricky because the observer's internal attributions are an automatic process which means they occur almost immediately and unconsciously (无意识地).

In order to become more sympathetic towards surrounding people in situations, we must make the attributions a controlled process. A controlled process is when the observer purposely focuses attention on something and is consciously aware of the process, unlike an automatic process. Knowing what the actor-observer effect is and how it can influence your own attributions is a good step toward becoming more sympathetic and kinder to people you interact with.

But even with such a powerful imagination, Liu, 55, probably hadn't expected that he would become the first Asian to win the Hugo Award, science fiction's highest prize, in 2015. Perhaps neither did he think that former US president Barack Obama would read his novel The Three-Body Problem, nor that on Nov 9 in Washington DC, he would win the 2018 Arthur C. Clarke Award for Imagination in Service to Society. It's the first time a Chinese writer has ever won the award.

In his acceptance speech, Liu said that he owed his imagination to Arthur C. Clarke (1917—2008), a famous UK sci-fi author. He said that reading Clarke's 1968 classic novel 2001: A Space Odyssey in the early 1980s had a great effect on him.

"My mind opened up like never before. I felt like a narrow river finally seeing the sea," Liu said. "That night, in my eyes, the starry sky was completely different from the past. For the first time in my life, I was awed (充满敬畏的) by the mystery of the universe."

But no matter how far away Liu's imagination takes him, somehow his novels always stay rational (理性的). In The Three-Body Problem, for example, Liu tells a tale of aliens invading Earth. But unlike other alien stories, Liu talks more about relationships between civilizations, rules of survival, and the meanings of life. And in The Wandering Earth, Liu looks ahead to the day when our solar system comes to an end and humans have to look for a new place to live. However, all his visions and solutions are based on "hard science". Liu's works aren't simply daydreams.

"I think that understanding just the roots of where our food comes from and how it gets to our table is meaningful," said Jeremy Lyche, principal of Bernardo Elementary School. "You saw the kids' excitement today. They love it."

The students in Paul Erickson's class have been in the program for over a month. "We've been doing multiple lessons where we're learning about and teaching about local farms in our community, as well as some healthier choices like produce(农产品), just getting students to join in farming." Erickson said.

Once a week for the past five weeks, Alexis Anderson from the Farm to Institution Center has been coming by to teach these kids more about farming and what it takes to get fresh produce to their tables. Wednesday was the students' last session in the program. She said the main takeaway for the kids is learning where their food comes from.

"Eat and support local food because it not only benefits their community economically, but also benefits their health and just education overall of knowing what's available," Anderson said.

After Wednesday's lesson, the students went to the school garden for a game of bingo to identify the things they've learned. One of the goals of the school garden is for the students to try new things. For Escondido Union School District, the ultimate goal for the school garden is for the produce to end up in the cafeteria for the children to eat. But there are some health regulations the district still needs to overcome before that can happen.

Course overview

It will be an interesting design experience at the Royal College of Art School of Architecture. The Architecture Summer School offers a challenging and attractive programmer of design studio experience, visits, lectures and skill training.

Admission criteria

Participants must:

◇have an undergraduate degree in design or a creative background;

◇have a good level of English language;

◇be 18 years or over.

How to apply

We do not accept applications at the moment. The below information does not apply until the course is live again. To apply, please complete our online application form. This online form requires you to:

◇submit your Curriculum Vitae (简历);

◇submit a 300-word statement of interest outlining your relevant experience or practice and why you would like to join the Architecture Summer School.

If your application is accepted, you will be emailed with a booking link so that you can make payment of the course fee. The place will be held until the payment deadline, and if you do not make payment by this date then your place will be offered to another participant.

If your application is unsuccessful, we will inform you by email. Unfortunately, we are not able to provide personal feedback due to the great number of applications that we receive.

If the course is fully booked and your application is successful, we will add your name to a waiting list.

Application deadlines

Applications will be assessed by the RCA course team every two weeks or until the course is fully booked. We will inform all applicants by email within two weeks after they submit an application. Participants are advised to apply early to avoid disappointment as places are strictly limited.

Eight o'clock on a May morning, and Mary, my 17-year-old daughter, was in our study upstairs. It had served as her classroom ever since schools moved to remote learning due to the COVID-19.

From the kitchen, I listened to the sound of her tapping on the laptop or her communicating in their Google Meet session s with her friends and teachers. I resisted the desire to check on her. Way too often, I would find Mary texting friends and commenting on their Snapchat and Instagram posts about the fun they were having together. I felt it safer not to care. After all, we'd barely left the house for 10 weeks straight.

"Mom, everyone is hanging out today!" Mary's voice came from upstairs. "Why can't I?" I went up the stairs. Mary was lying on the floor, her laptop, school iPad and cell phone in front of her. "It's unfair," she said. "I have no one I can be with. I can't wait until I'm 18. and can do what I want."

We'd had this conversation before. Still, I couldn't help but feel sorry for her. I was sick of isolating (隔离) too. Even though Mary and I were at home together more than we had been in years, we might as well have been living in separate worlds.

"Wanna watch Netflix later?" I asked. "Bake some cookies?" "No, thanks." Mary shook her head,   as if the idea of doing something together was quite beyond her. I was used to Mary's rejection, but it still hurt. Teenage independence is healthy, but I worried that if I didn't find a way to bond with my girl soon, I might never be close with her again. She'd be 18 in the fall and had already convinced herself she didn't need me anymore. Maybe she was right. No matter what I did, I couldn't seem to reach her. That evening, I logged onto Facebook and saw a friend's family playing with their new kitten together. My mind went back to the difficult period when I was in high school and our family moved to the new city. It was a gray tabby (虎斑猫) with which Mom surprised me that brightened my days and got me through that difficult, lonely time.

注意：1.续写词数应为 150左右;

2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。

It suddenly occurred to me that having a cat in our house might help.

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We immediately decided to take the cat from the shelter home.

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介绍这一事物；发表你的看法。

注意：1.词数100左右；   

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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When it comes to Australia, we can't help(think) of kangaroos and koalas. Kangaroos are thought to be able to survive in a difficult environment. Often baby kangaroos(find) in their mother's pouch — a kind of pocket — to stay safe and warm. They sleep and drink milk in that(protect) environment until they are about seven or eight months old. Koalas are quite cute, but they are very(sense) creatures who can easily panic because of even small changes in their environment. They spend quite a lot of time eating, sleeping, and hanging onto tree trunks, so(interact) with humans can cause them a lot of stress. Because of this, the government began to make laws touching koalas. If you want to hold a koala, you have to go to certain licensed zoos animal experts make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in good state for human contact.

Australia also has the duck-billed platypus. Do you know what's(real) strange about a platypus? The platypus doesn't use its senses of sight or smell to find food. It has a capacity to find food in the water by using electrical(sensor) in its bill. There are only a small handful of animals in the world that can do that!

You don't have to be a soccer expert to know that the World Cup is the sport's biggest international event. That's right—it's even bigger of a deal than participating in the Olympics. While most other sports see the Olympic games as the grandest stage, soccer holds its World Cup to a much higher1. You may feel surprised but this is exactly the truth. In fact, the two events are set apart by a fair share of2

The calendar year

Many of the sports that have their own Olympic events have3that revolve around when the Games would be, so when it comes time to compete, the athletes are available. This isn't the case for some of the bigger sports,4, and soccer is one of them. When the World Cup qualifiers(预选赛)5with the Olympics, even though there is a FIFA contingent(国际足联团队)that organizes soccer at the Summer Games, FIFA may not encourage its6players to compete at the Olympics.

Countries participating

The World Cup hosted 32 national teams in Russia in the 2018 tournament.(This is also what allows the World Cup to host so many games over the span of a month. )7, the Olympics only hosts about half of that, with 16 men's teams and 12 women's teams participating in 2016Summer Games in Rio de Janiero, Brazil.

8requirement

You can't put all the9on FIFA for players not participating in the Olympics when the Games also put restrictions on who can play at the event. Each team participating in the Olympics can only have three players over 23 on their roster(参赛名单), which has led to the Games being mockingly referred to as a U-23 tournament. The World Cup,10, doesn't have such a limit.

Because of the age limit, many think the level of skill displayed at the Olympics isn't a good11of what the world's best soccer players are capable of. Keep in mind that FIFA is part of the organizing committee for soccer at the Olympics. So it always has the final12in whether the best players in the world can participate. As the New York Times summarized in 2008, FIFA's message to the Olympics is clear: Soccer is one sport in which you will never be allowed to13an event with the best in the world.

Fans

Part of the World Cup's appeal is that it runs over the course of the14, and viewers who don't watch certain teams on a regular basis can become more familiar with the competition. The Summer Games15the games—again, made up of fewer teams—onto a much shorter schedule with less time for fanfare.

Teach them how to budget. If your child has not yet been taught how to budget their own money, then now is the ideal time for them to learn. It can also be a good idea to try and determine how your child will deal with having their own money at university.

Offer them cooking lessons. Your child might already be able to cook a few simple meals that will stop them from surviving on noodles for the foreseeable future. So why not spend the next week or so teaching them a few nutritious meals.

If you are worried about your child's departure, then this is probably nothing compared to how your child is feeling. Not only are they leaving home for the first time, but they will also be starting a new life and having to make new friends.Therefore, just before they leave, it can be really helpful to sit down and talk to them about any concerns or worries they may have.

Get the missing link. What memory or association between the two of you stand out the most? Find a present that is symbolic of this. Thus, every time your child sees it, he or she will be reminded of you and the love that you share.
​​​​​​​

A. Have an open discussion.

B. But you may even feel terrified.

C. All of this is normal and understandable.

D. However, there is always room for more recipes.

E. It's helpful to think of the connection you share with your child.

F. A fun way to do this is to get them to take a money management quiz.

G. Now it is also a good time to take them out shopping for basic daily appliances.

This midweek celebration isn't a vacation day; it's more like a pause or break after work on Wednesdays to do something like enjoying a meal with your family or just watching an interesting TV show. "You let yourself enjoy something," said Hanna Hedenius living in Stockholm. "You can see people celebrating on social media. On Instagram, you'll see a picture of a glass of wine and some cheese, or ice cream, on Wednesday because people have a reason just to do it."

There's a national radio show that plays popular music on Wednesdays and there's a podcast with topics that connect to the celebration of "little Saturday". While not every Swede practices lillördag, most do see the pause as a way of getting through the workweek.

Self-care is important for people's body and mind. Paula Gill Lopez, a professor of Fairfield University in Connecticut, told Everyday Health that the need for self-care is conspicuous. "We have an epidemic of anxiety and depression," she said. "Everybody feels it."

Self-care and wellness activities can range from eating healthy foods, to exercising, to taking time to relax. Many people don't make time to care for themselves and that's where lillördag comes in.

"Something like lillördag can be quite wise in helping people relax," said Constanze Leineweber, associate professor at the Stress Research Institute of Stockholm University. "You can become encouraged with smaller goals within the week which you can reach and get a reward for."

So if you're feeling stressed, have a happy lillördag!

In a cafe for people surviving the fire, I met brave children who now have to live with terrible scars, physical and emotional. I met a man who could not even speak to me, his eyes filling with tears.

I was expecting to hear a lot about loss; I was not expecting to learn so much about the attribution (归因) of blame. I came to understand how desperately people needed to blame a tangible entity (实体) –a person, a group of people, the government. Indeed, this was understandable and reasonable. The outbreak and mishandling of the fire needed to be explored, looked into and dealt with.

What surprised me, however, was that the survivors were completely silent over any mention of the climate crisis and global heating. It was made clear to me that this subject was unacceptable. Survivors felt that these issues had nothing to do with what they had suffered, and that the people actually responsible needed to pay.

But when it comes to climate breakdown, blame did not come to just one person, one corporation, one country. In Greece, the fire didn't rage so hard because someone had set off a spark—— it raged so hard because years of global heating had dried up the land, part of a set of unsustainable (不能持续的) practices and inaction that had set our planet on fire. And now the fires are even worse.

The more I spoke to people, including climate scientists, the more I came to see that there is often a gap that separates science from public awareness. In her book "Engaging With Climate Change" Sally Weintrobe says that "many people who accept global warming continue to regard it as a problem of the future". To my astonishment, this seemed to apply even to people who had themselves been affected directly by wildfires.

"You will never find out from the Colobus monkeys," I said to him, "they live in the tops of the trees and are shy and difficult to shoot.It would be the greatest luck should you get the embryo you want."

The Professor was hopeful. He was going to stay out till he had got his foot, he said, even if it was be for years. He had applied to the Game Department for permission to shoot the monkeys he wanted. The permission he was, in view of the high scientific object of his research, certain to get, but so far he had had no reply.

"How many monkeys have you asked to be allowed to shoot?" I asked him

He told me that he had, to begin with, asked for permission to shoot fifteen hundred monkeys.

Now I knew the people at the Game Department, and I assisted him to send in a second letter asking for a reply by return of post, since the Professor was keen to get off on his research. The answer from the Game Department did, for once, come by return of post. The Game Department, they wrote, were pleased to inform Professor Landgreen that, in view of the scientific object of his research, they had seen their way to make an exception from their rules, and to raise the number of monkeys on his license from four to six.

I had to read the letter over twice to the Professor. When the contents at last were clear to him, he became so deadly shocked and hurt, that he did not say a single word. To my expressions of sympathy he made no reply, but walked out of the house, got into his car and drove away sadly.

Start your day at Bayside Marketplace. There are plenty of shops and souvenir stands here for all members of the family. Kids will particularly enjoy Art By God, a shop devoted to natural stone, especially fossils(化石).

From Bayside Marketplace walk two blocks north to visit what is perhaps Miami's most famous historical landmark, Freedom Tower (located at 600 Biscayne Boulevard). It is a great place to expose your kids to the Cuban heritage that is so much a part of life in Miami.

Then you will visit Miami's Little Havana, and since it's probably getting close to lunch time, drive yourself to Versailles Restaurant(3555 Southwest 8th Street) in the heart of Little Havana. Then take some time to simply walk the streets and take in the music, the art and the personality of the people and their neighborhood before returning to your car.

On your way back to the hotel, visit the Miami Science Museum, where there are complete science and natural history museums. Or you may visit the Miami Seaquarium (水族馆).Though there are many such theme parks more modern and in better shape than this 1955 pioneer, it's still worth a visit for their dolphin, sea lion and killer whale shows. Kids can also get face to face with the endangered manatee(海牛)or watch specialists feeding 200-pound sharks.