相关试卷

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.

A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.

Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.

He explained that the scientists then studied how the cheeses changed over 45 days of ripening and they found that none of the three strains significantly affected the composition of the cheese, in terms of fatty acid and protein profiles, which were confirmed to be safe for human consumption and probiotic. Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.

"This kind of microorganism is easy to produce industrially," Barreto continued. "Research along these lines is relevant to the needs of the cheese industry, which has significant growth potential"

Barreto said that, while large companies had the microbial culture technology to supply probiotics to Brazil, smaller companies would benefit from being able to produce these probiotics themselves so their traditional products could compete on the market. However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.

Reports confirm that children under five account for 39% of all cases in the country, and babies as young as two weeks are being diagnosed with this viral illness.

Why is the DRC outbreak affecting children so badly? Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention. As a result, it's hard to control infectious diseases like mpox.

In addition, children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems, especially under the age of five. Besides all the above factors, living in a country where mpox is consistently present, exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission, and not having the benefit of a vaccine also contribute to the problem.

To protect the vulnerable from the mpox outbreak, children must be specifically targeted. This is because they are a primary population of concern that can develop severe and fatal disease. The health system and healthcare workers must make it as easy as possible to get parents or caregivers to bring children in. This includes addressing the inconveniences of leaving their communities to seek care.

Another factor which might prevent the infected from getting the care they should have is the stigma connected to mpox. The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care. The media, including international media, have been feeding into this – especially for African people with mpox — and it needs to stop.

Finally, a vaccination program focused on the young needs to be rolled out to stem transmission. But there still exist major challenges.

By Charles F. Sabel

The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential.

Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy

By Lee C. Bollinger

The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author's view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose "extraordinary risks" to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary.

The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine

By Thomas Helling

It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author's own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible.

Make it a point to always be working toward at least one goal that's meaningful, Hellman advises. In other words, it shouldn't be something you have to do but something you want to do. "Goals can be anything that's important to us," he says.

Brainstorm solutions. If you've set a goal that's meaningful to you, but you can't figure out a way to achieve it, you'll probably feel pretty hopeless. People who are high in hope, meanwhile, tend to generate lots of ways. If you're struggling to make a plan, Hellman suggests sitting down with a pen and paper and giving yourself an hour to brainstorm solutions.

Seek out success stories. It's said that people cultivate hope by seeking support from their parents and specific teachers. But they also got a lot out of learning about other people who have done well for themselves. Hellman says, ""

Tap into your imagination. Hellman thinks of imagination as "the instrument of hope". Let's say you set a goal for the week. Spend a few minutes reflecting on or talking about what would happen if you achieved it. "How does it impact you, or how would it benefit others?" he says. " And when you can see yourself in the future, that is the very essence of hope."

A. Do something meaningful.

B. It can be taught and nurtured.

C. Think in a goal-oriented way.

D. With these good examples, people are bound to be successful.

E. So, if one doesn't work out, they have an alternative at the ready.

F. By seeing other people succeed, they feel like they could succeed.

G. You and I have this wonderful capacity to play a movie in our head.

1. 英雄人物简介；

2. 成为你心中英雄的原因；

3. 向英雄学习。

注意：1. 词数 100 左右；

2. 短文题目与首句已写好，不计入总词数。

The National Hero In My Heart

As we know, most people have a national hero or heroes in their hearts.

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It that the book Tom shouldn't had been put on the desk of Mary's.

the work is, he is determined to complete the tasks, simple data organization to complex plan formulation.

Although , he still to change himself.

With more and more foreigners , more than five hundred Confucius Institutes all around the world.

I the friend always , and his help means a great deal to me.