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A comerstone of environmental policy is the debate over protecting nature for humans' sake (instrumental values) or for nature's (intrinsic values). We propose that focusing only on instrumental or intrinsic values may fail to resonate (引起共鸣) views on personal and collective well-being, or "what is right," about nature and the environment. It is time to engage seriously with a third class of values, one with diverse roots and current expressions: relational values. By doing so, we reframe the discussion about environmental protection, and open the door to new, potentially more productive policy approaches.

In philosophical terms, relational values are preferences, principles, and virtues associated with relationships, both interpersonal and as required by policies and social norms.

Relational values can apply to interactions with nature. Some people's identities are rooted in long-term care and stewardship, such as volunteer river-keepers, gardeners or farmers. Other people and social organizations hold worldviews that value kinship(亲属关系) between people and nature. They subscribe to the concepts of "Mother Nature," "Mother Earth," and so on. Also, many people believe that their cultural identity and well-being originate from their relationships with human and nonhuman beings, connected by particular places. Caring for and attending to places can be extremely important for maintaining cultural practices and core values. According to these views, the value of the land is not independent of humans.

Therefore, environmental policy and management should always consider the kinds of relationships people already have with nature, and how these might be engaged to lessen the negative effects of human lifestyles on ecosystems and enhance positive ones. For example, the bond between parent or teacher and child can serve as a channel for social norms, encouraging respect and passion for nature, through activities including fishing and hunting, gardening, hiking, or bird-watching. It is also possible to develop values and relationships through long-term and repeated experiences with peer(同伴) groups, by laboring on the land or taking part in outdoor adventure. Bonding is strengthened through play, struggling, suffering, and celebrating together.

Relational values are finally receiving attention. If activists, researchers, policymakers, and private-sector leaders internalize this message, perhaps environmental decisions will better account for our relationships with nature and many concepts of a good life. Attending to such values is key to the real inclusion of diverse groups in environmental protection, and to achieving social-ecological relationships that provide fulfilling lives for present and future generations.

Have you ever wished you could be better organized or more sociable? Perhaps you're a constant worrier, and you'd prefer to be a little more carefree? Actually at least 2/3 of people would like to change some elements of their personality. In the past, such desires appeared to be fruitless. One's personality was thought to be formed in childhood and to remain fixed throughout his entire life.

Recent research from psychology professor Nathan Hudson and his colleagues, however, challenges this expectation of a fixed personality. With the right psychological strategies and enough effort, they say, many people can successfully shape their desired personality.

Their interventions (干预) typically involve recommending regular activities that reflect the personality traits(特征) people wish to adopt. Introverts who wish to be more outgoing, for example, might have the goal of introducing themselves to a stranger once a week, or making small talk with the cashier in the supermarket. Someone who wishes to be more organized and disciplined might be asked to carefully double-check an email before sending it, or to write a to-do list before going to bed.

While these tasks may seem insignificant, the aim is for the thinking patterns and behaviors they produce to become habitual. And the evidence so far suggests it works remarkably well. In one 15-week trial of 400 people, participants accepted an average of two challenges each week. After they completed those tasks, their traits shifted in the desired direction, according to a personality questionnaire (调查问卷).

The unexpected personality change should be good news for anyone who wishes they were a bit more sociable, organized, or happy-go-lucky. Another potential benefit is that awareness of this research could help improve mental health.

People always believe negative feelings are just part of who they are, and there is little they can do to change them. But what if educating people about their potential for personality change could place them on a more positive track? To test this idea, Harvard professor of psychology, John Weisz, and his partner selected a group of 100 teenagers who had previously shown signs of anxiety or depression. They took a computerized course that explained the science of brain plasticity(可塑性), and were then given worksheets to strengthen what they had learned.

When Weisz checked in on the teens' mental health nine months later, the students reported a significant decrease in their anxiety and depression compared with those who had instead taken part in a course on "emotional expression".

Whether you are struggling with serious issues or simply want to polish off your rougher edges, remember that character is within your own hands and you have the power to become what you want to be.

Anuar Abdullah has always had a special feeling for the ocean. In the 1980s, he settled in Perhentian as a diving instructor and fell in love with corals. Twice daily, he went out to sea, staying underwater for as long as his oxygen supply allowed. He learned the shapes and textures(纹理) of coral reefs long before he knew their Latin names. He studied the living conditions—the water temperature, the sunshine, the diversity(多样性) of ocean life—and saw how just one of those factors could bring about large-scale death.

Abdullah spent two decades experimenting with how to grow coral reefs in the ocean. He didn't have a degree in marine (海洋的) biology or a research lab, but he had his own ways. Almost all the materials he used to grow corals came directly from the ocean. He didn't use steel pipes or bricks—which he couldn't afford—instead, he gathered rocks from the seafloor, piling them so they wouldn't be knocked down by tidal waves. While others might depend on a lab to break live coral into pieces that were in turn used for growing, he searched for broken pieces of coral in existing reefs and fixed them to the rocks using animal-friendly glue. When he needed other materials, he started by searching the beach for waste.

Every day, the locals saw him on his knees examining corals in the ocean. Sometimes, he picked up a rock to which he had fixed a piece of coral several weeks earlier, and said very quietly, "My little acropora (鹿角大珊瑚), how are you doing today?" The locals whispered about how he'd spent days in the water speaking to corals as if they were people. "Everyone thought I was stupid," said Abdullah, "But I knew I was doing the most important thing in the world."

Actually, Abdullah was right. Now, in a world rapidly losing its coral reefs to climate change and environmental damage, he has become an increasingly influential expert on how to bring them back to life. Thousands have traveled from around the world to learn from Abdullah how to grow corals, with some eventually leaving their jobs to join his projects full time. With his 700 active volunteers, he has already saved about 125 acres of coral reefs

Often, there is a false idea that one must be "in-the-know" to truly appreciate artworks. However, fine art opens the door to everyone. Learning how to look at and understand artworks requires us to take the time to view, identify and think.

Look at the Art

As the first step, it's necessary to take a moment to identify the artwork's general features:

● Is it a painting, sculpture or craftwork?

● Does it appear chaotic(混乱的)or organized?

● Are the colors bright or soft?

Identify the Art and Artist

Knowing when or how the artwork was made and learning something about the artist can reveal more context. We all know the famous painting Guernica is a masterpiece created by Picasso in 1937. However, if we can find out Picasso composed the painting to reflect a bombing during the Spanish Civil War, we'll know more about its anti-war meaning.

Even if the historical context of an artwork is not obvious, knowing the year of its creation offers more context.

Think About the Meaning

Use what you observed in the first two steps to think about meanings the artwork could have.

Consider what the title, the subjects, or the symbols meant to the artist when he or she created the artwork. What do the colors say about the artist, and how do they apply to the subjects in the art? For example, the owls in Lebo's works represent wisdom, but why are they so brightly colored?

In addition, ask how the art makes you feel. Many artists have specific meanings behind their art, but also encourage viewers to come up with their own explanations. Still, every explanation is not automatically correct, which is why the techniques described above are helpful in finding clues.

The next time you're admiring a work of art, keep these techniques in mind, and its meaning may unfold before your eyes.

Brad hadn't seen Grandma Joy for six years since their fierce argument. At his brother's wedding, he 1 her again. He saw her walk unsteadily into the church and helped her get to the seat. But they didn't say much.

Six months after the wedding, Brad hiked the Appalachian Trail. He found himself 2 a lot about his grandmother and the time they had spent at Blue Rock State Park, which is close to her house. There, they'd lift rocks in the river to find fish. It puzzled him why that 3 in particular stayed with him. He decided to call Grandma Joy.

It would be their first real 4 in years. She invited him over and he said "yes". When the door opened, everything inside looked the same. But he was looking at a woman who had 5 . They made small talk. Grandma Joy said that she had many 6 in her life. One of them was hat except her time at Blue Rock State Park, she'd never had the chance to see what she called the great outdoors.

Brad left his grandmother's house and went back to his routine. But he couldn't help thinking of Grandma Joy and her sadness of not seeing more of 7 . She just lived a simple life that stopped at the edge of the county line. He thought it would be a lifelong pity if he didn't 8 her. Then he came up with an idea that even he knew was 9 . He would take his 85-year-old grandma on a camping trip to a national park. He told her his crazy idea. The old lady 10 him by asking, "When do we leave?"

Having arrived there, Brad made a campfire. They sat next to each other, feeling the warmth and looking at stars. They 11 the lockbox of their past, talking about families and friends, about loss and pain. They told each other they'd wasted too many years being 12 . So they decided to go on more trips together.

They have now visited 62 national parks. The open road provided time for the pair to 13 their secrets. Grandma Joy highly valued Brad's company during the trips. She said she wouldn't 14 him for anybody. Now, they're not just traveling partners, not just grandmother and grandson, but 15 ,.

A photo taken on March 23, 2022 shows students attending a livestreamed popular-science lecture given by the Shenzhou-13 crew members.  class began at 3∶40 p. m. and was attended by students from three classrooms across China. 

Wang Yaping, was assisted by the other two crew members, conducted several scientific experiments. One of the most (appeal) experiments was the "ice ball"experiment. As she shows, the space station maintains a fixed temperature at all times, she can transform water into "ice"with only a "tap". It turned out to be a crystallization(结晶) effect (cause) by the micro-gravity environment in space. Students (enthusiastic) raised questions concerning their daily lives. The live stream was broadcast by China Central Television, (draw) a total of 3. 3 million views.

A number of countries have engaged in space lectures, but only China and the US (realize) the live streaming of lectures with smooth two-way connections between Earth and space so far. It will not only promote (man) understanding toward the values of manned space flight but more importantly, serve as an (inspire) to youngsters and boost the country's talent reserve in the fields of science and technology.

Columbia high school girls' soccer team had lost every game in the season until a new 1 stepped in two years ago.

Stuart Henley, a former soccer player and now a truck driver, 2  the team and started training hard in February 2020. He 3  the progress of the girls to team-building activities to help them bond on and off the field. He focused on the basics of football like passing, 4 , and movement to try and bring the girls up to a good standard. His 5 ：coaches could give them guidelines, but girls 6  what they felt they needed to work on. 

Obviously, the girls were onto something big in the new season. They 7 the skills they had learned and teamwork into their 8 , which led them to an 9 run of eight games, until they were sadly beaten 3－2 by Wyrley Pumas Team. Although this means they have been 10 the league title, the team have still exceeded(超出) expectation by earning the 11 to the county's top division.

"Whatever brings you down will 12 make you stronger, especially for girls, "Captain Chelsea said. "Stuart has really 13 our girls the philosophy of playing soccer. We're going into next season full of confidence and ready to compete against tougher 14 , but for now we're still very much enjoying our 15 . "

One of the most powerful social desires expressed by teenagers is to be thought of as cool and popular by their peers(同龄人), which is quite natural. 

Often, the terms "cool"and "popular"get used interchangeably as if they were just different labels for the same perception. On closer examination, however, it becomes clear that they are quite different and have a fairly complicated relationship with each other.

Let's start by examining what popularity is all about. At first glance, popularity is easy to define and recognize: A popular person is an individual who is well-known, well-liked, and admired by others. However, the sources of the social power possessed by popular people can be quite different. Specifically, sociometric popularity (SP) primarily reflects "like ability"and it is linked with qualities such as being kind and trustworthy. However, peer-perceived popularity (PP) is based upon a judgment of how popular others think that person is among his or her peers. It reflects what we might call "status"and is often related with less desirable qualities such as being dominant, aggressive, or "stuck-up".

So, popularity is a more complicated concept than it may seem. As complicated as popularity is, coolness is even more so. 

Coolness is a broader category than popularity. One can be cool by having cool stuff, by doing cool stuff, or by just plain "being cool". It is a combination of self presentation, fashion, and attitude. It's push-back against norms and authority that may label itself as not caring about traditional routes to success such as academic achievement and being "too cool for school".

Hence, coolness and popularity represent two completely independent terms. The pursuit of being cool and popular will probably always be part of the human experience, especially among young people. In and of itself, this is neither good nor bad. But it may be useful to be aware of the differences in these qualities and be clear about exactly what it is that we are pursuing. 

Fees & Passes

The entrance fees you pay when visiting Yellowstone make a difference！Under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act, national parks keep 80% of all fees collected and use that money to fund critical projects that improve services and protect resources. In Yellowstone, entrance fee income provides $8. 8 million a year for improvements, campgrounds, roads, native fish restoration, and more. 

Entrance Fees

Whether you're planning a single visit or coming back multiple times a year, enjoy the convenience of purchasing a Yellowstone National Park site-specific digital pass on Recreation. gov before you arrive. You have immediate access to your digital pass and can easily download it on your phone or tablet. Your pass will also be emailed as a PDF and can be printed out for display when you arrive.

Learn more about your pass options, find the right Yellowstone National Park pass for you, and buy your pass online. 

Visitors entering Yellowstone's south entrance will be traveling through Grand Teton National Park first；separate entrance fees are charged.

The following passes are sold at all entrance stations. 

Seven-day Pass

Good for entry into Yellowstone National Park for seven days from the date of purchase. 

·Private, non-commercial vehicle：$35

·Motorcycle or snowmobile：$30

·Individual (by foot, bicycle, ski, etc. )：$20/person

Annual Pass

Annual pass provides free entrance into Yellowstone National Park for one year (valid through the month of purchase). On a snowmobile, this pass admits the signer(s). When travelling by snowcoach or shuttle, this pass admits a signer and up to three additional persons (16 and older) for a total of four people. 

·Yellowstone National Park Annual Pass：$70

April, a girl of six, and her brother, Jesse, lived in the city. On her seventh birthday, April' s mother gave her a puppy named Tiny as the present. The thrilled brother and sister couldn' t wait to walk the puppy and play with their new friend outside. In the big and busy city which they lived in, however, they could think of nowhere to go. They were deeply troubled and turned to their mother for help. 

" The city owns the empty lot across the street, " said their mother, pointing to the piece of land. " Let' s ask the government if we could put a pocket park there. " 

" What kind of pocket has a park？" Jesse was confused. He pulled a penny out of his pocket. " No park here, " he said. 

" A pocket park is a small park, " their mother explained. April and Jesse thought a pocket park was a great idea. 

In order for that to happen, their mother went on explaining；they would need a petition(请愿书) signed by all their neighbors, stating that they all wanted a pocket park. They would have to show it to the officials when they went to the city hall. 

Having written the petition, their mother led April and Jesse to pay a door-to-door visit to the neighbors. Much to the pleasure of the trio, everyone was very enthusiastic about the idea. As a matter of fact, they had been harboring the idea for quite some time, and it was April' s family that took the first step. So they promised to make whatever contributions they could when the construction started. 

With the signed petition in their hands, the mother took her kids to the city hall, where they showed the paper to the officials. The kids explained that their new friend Tiny desperately needed a playground, and that everybody in the neighborhood would benefit from it. They were very persuasive. Later, a worker gave their mother some forms to fill out. When everything was done, they were told to go home and wait for the news. 

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

A few weeks later, they received a letter from the government. 

The next day, the whole neighborhood met at the lot and the construction started.