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Have you ever been on social media and seen your favorite celebrity (名人) talking about a product? These promotions are actually a vital part of the marketing process. The question is: How do social media influencers influence what you buy?

Human desire for social positions and making friends, combined with our need to belong to a group, makes us willing to be "socially influenced". Companies often use that desire to have a similar lifestyle to a celebrity they admire to launch or sell a product. So, what do these promotions actually do?

Firstly, they can be used to build brand awareness. A social media influencer should have a strong understanding of the platform (平台) they operate on, and therefore can create attractive content that not only sticks to the brand image, but develops their followers' interests in a product they might never have seen before.

Secondly, influencers can improve a company or product's relationship with their customer base. According to In Moment's 2018 US Retail CX Trends Report, 77% of buyers have been faithful to a brand for more than ten years. This is also true of 60% of young people. A popular celebrity can target key groups of people and talk or blog about a product, which can create an immediate and lasting bond with the consumers.

Lastly, influencers can improve customers buying habits with seemingly "unbiased opinions". We are more likely to respond to "peer (同辈) recommendation" than traditional ads, meaning the fact we see an influencer as a "friend" who can make us less likely to doubt about what we are seeing.

So, the next time you see a celebrity talking about a product, you might want to consider that this could be a carefully designed marketing strategy which targets your needs. If you find yourself thinking about a product you've seen on social media, you may have been well influenced.

I can't miss the little old lady with her kerchief (方头巾) on her head, a black umbrella blowing all over. I can tell she is freezing. She is standing at a bus stop, and I'm driving by, late for my early morning shift. I decide to stop and offer her a ride.

Of course, she declines, but when I ask again and insist, finally, she gets in the car. I take her to her destination, and by the time she gets out of my car, she is smiling and thanks me.

I was late for work that day, but I was so glad that I stopped. That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new habit, one that continues when I'm out driving in bad weather.

If there's someone at a bus stop, especially if it's an elderly person waiting at off hours and in bad weather, I will pull over and ask if they need a ride.

Once, a young doctor jumped in. She had finished a long shift and had been waiting and waiting at the bus stop. She had no hesitation and, for the first time, I was able to help someone who performs miracles (奇迹) on a daily basis. That felt good.

But the best part of my ride offers is the conversation. I do tend to ask a lot of questions: where are you from, where are you going, family, background, pets and whatever else comes to mind. Surprisingly, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. "What a shame!" I often think when they hop out, as the stories were just getting started.

Now as retirement approaches, I believe I have found my calling. I will be happy to join a community driving program to take people to one appointment or another – or perhaps just to the coffee shop to sit and listen for an hour.

As the years pass, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who rolls down a window and offers me a seat for a little ride. I will continue to take that leap of faith in the kindness of strangers.

While tea may have originated in Asia, now there are many countries all around the world that have tea woven into their food culture and traditions. This is one of the very special parts of tea as it has a way of connecting people all over the world in different ways and ceremonies that finally all results in a group of people sitting together and enjoying a cup of tea.

Chinese tea culture

Since China is viewed as the birthplace of tea, it is no wonder that Chinese tea culture is rich with history and traditions. Today, Chinese tea continues to be used in Chinese medicine and is commonly consumed on both casual and formal occasions both for personal enjoyment and to represent Chinese cultural traditions.

Japanese tea culture

Japan also has a long history with tea, especially Japanese Matcha, which is a kind of ground green tea that is commonly used in Japanese tea ceremonies and only in recent years became popular in western culture.

British tea culture

When many people think about tea, British tea culture is what comes to mind. A hot cup of English Breakfast or Earl Grey tea serves with a little milk and a biscuit in the afternoon as a pick-me-up for the day. Even though tea may not be native to England, this British tea tradition is still going strong today.

Moroccan tea culture

When you visit Morocco, it is hard to miss the outstanding tea culture that is such a large part of Moroccan hospitality. Before any gathering, negotiation, or sale of a product, a pot of mint tea is always prepared and served among the host and guests. This is an expression of Moroccan tradition and hospitality, which should always be accepted by guests as a sign of appreciation and respect to the host.

A couple, whom we shall call John and Mary, had a nice home and two lovely children. One day, John and Mary decided to go on a trip to another city, so they found a kind woman to look after the children and left.

Several days later, they returned home a little earlier than they had planned. As they drove back to their hometown, John and Mary noticed smoke and went to see what it was. They found a house was on fire. "OH, well, it isn't our house. Let's go home," Mary said.

But John drove closer and screamed in surprise, "That's Jordan's home. He works in a factory. He wouldn't be off work yet. Maybe there is something we can do to help."

"It has nothing to do with us," cried Mary. "You have your good clothes on, so let's not get any closer."

John didn't listen to Mary. He drove up and stopped. They were both shocked to see the whole house was on fire. A woman was crying in the yard, "The children! Get the children!"

John seized her by the shoulder and shouted to her, "Don't cry! Tell me where the children are！""In the basement（地下室），"cried the woman，"down the hall and to the left."

John used water to get his clothes wet and put a wet towel on his head before rushing to the basement. The house was full of smoke and fire, and it was very difficult for him to find the children. But he made it. He held one under each arm. As he left, he could hear some more crying. He took the two kids out of the house and into the fresh air, and then asked the women how many more children were still down there.

注意：1．所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好，请按照如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答；

The woman told him there were two more.

……

As he took them out, he felt something strangely familiar about the little bodies.

注意：1．词数80字左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir,

……

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be very difficult to let go of your anger. But forgiveness is possible-and it can be(surprising) valuable to your physical and mental health. So far, researchshow)that people who forgive can have more energy, better appetite and better sleep. "People who forgive show(little) anger and more hopefulness, "says Dr Fred Luskin, who wrote the book Forgive for Good. "So it can help reduce the tiredness and allow people(feel) more energetic."

So when someone has hurt you, cool down first. Take a couple of breaths and think of somethinggives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love. Don't wait for an(apologize)."Many times someone who hurt you may never think of apologizing," says Dr Luskin. "They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see thingssame way."

Next, keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean(accept)the action of the person who upsets you. Instead, learn to look for love, beauty and kindness around you. Finally, try to see thingsthe other person＇s perspective（角度）．You may realize that he or she was acting out of ignorance（无知）.To gain perspective，you can write a letter to(you) from that person's point of view.

A few weeks ago, my 3-year-old granddaughter Frances asked, "Why don't cardinals （红雀）migrate？"Frances＇s question 1 me，not only because I had no idea what the 2 was but also because she knew enough to ask it. When I still3 to find correct explanations after I had thought for a moment, Frances got bored with me and4 intending to ask others.

Preschoolers love thinking about possible5 of interesting things. They feel6 to wonder about anything, and they do so with 7 However, after entering primary school, discouraged by most adults, including teachers, most children    8  asking how or why questions.

Fortunately, there's no reason why we can't all be lifelong learners. I'm 69, but I still experienced the same thrill of9 I had as a child when I tried to10 information on the Internet to answer Frances's question about cardinals. I learned that Cardinals don't migrate11 they have enough food, and that they choose to stay together in winter months to keep them12 .After I learned about this, I was eager to see Frances again to13 the knowledge with her while also14 her further investigations.

By embracing children's acts of wondering, you become their15 in finding answers. Joining in the learning process, you will find countless opportunities to explore the colorful world all around you.

Every day, a sea of decisions stretches before us. It's impossible to make a perfect choice every time. But there is one particularly effective technique to improve our chances: critical thinking.

Prepare your question.

For example, if you're wondering whether to go for fitness, there are many factors that will cloud your reasons. But, if you know clearly what you can get by body-shaping that'll help you decide whether it really suits your needs.

Gather your informative

There's lots of it out there, so having s clear idea of your question will help you determine what's relevant If you're trying to decide on s diet to improve your nutrition. You may ask an expert for their advice or seek other people's epinions

Consider the implications.

Imagine you're chosen a business based on his promise to make to cheaper for drivers to fill upon gas. At first glance, that seems greatIf gasoline use is less restricted by cost, this could also cause a huge surge in air pollution-an unintended consequence that's important to think about.

Ask yourself why so many people are drawn to countless travel trips or destinations. Even if you disagree with everything that travel agencies say, exploring the viewpoints might explain way some routes that don't seem valid to you appeal to ethers. This will a low you to explore alternatives evaluate your own choices, and ultimately help you make more informed decisions

This above process is just one tool, and it certainly won't remove difficult decisions from our livesAnd, if enough of us use it, it has the power to make the world a more responsible place.

A. Explore other points of view.

B. Apply the information collected.

C. In other words get to know what you're looking for.

D. Then what about the long-term environmental effects?

E. But it can help us increase the number of positive choices we make.

F. Therefore, ask yourself about what interests you most and what is needed.

G. It helps you weigh different options, moving you closer to a wiser decision.

What kinds of rooms are your favorite spots for studying? We are going to guess that they are probably not painted bright red or yellow.But maybe they should be.Imagine.You are suddenly asked to prepare for an exam.You have two rooms to choose from. One is a pale blue,and the other is a bright red. Which one do you settle into for study? Is one going to get your brain fired up for learning, or let you relax into a best state of concentration?

According to researchers at Curtin University in Australia, it might be the best to camp out in the bright red room when you are looking to store information. It might sound strange, since we often think of pale rooms-soft blues or light greens-as relaxing, or even reassuring（令人安心的）.And they seem to be：The Curtin University study showed that pale colors made participants feel more relaxed and calm,while bright colors increased heart rate. But calming and relaxing, it turns out, may not always be the best environment for deep concentration or knowledge gaining.Reading comprehension（阅读理解）was much better in the bright rooms than in the paler rooms.Although participants reported that they generally preferred the pale rooms to study in as an approach to relax into work,the researchers saw just the opposite-that the bright-colored rooms seemed to lead to greater concentration.

While this might seem only surprising,the finding gets into a rather controversial area of psychological（心理学的）study.The Yerkes-Dodson Law says that a little bit of stress is good for achieving best performance, while too much stress negatively affects it. The higher heart rate and the reports of the bright colors creating a heavy atmosphere might just suggest that a little stress was good for the brain.

My PhD adviser informed me I had failed my qualifying exam at my third attempt, which meant the dismissal（开除）from the program.How was it possible that one exam-one hour of my life-could define me as unfit to be a scientist?

I wasn't sure what to expect when I started my PhD program.I struggled with my classes during my first year, spending coutless hours studying in the library. I ended that year with increased confidence.But soon my confidence went away when I made my first attempt at the qualifying exam.I had switched research projects 5 months earlier, after my first adviser left the university,so I wasn't so confident of going into the exam.Besides,I had never taken an oral exam before,so the experience was terrifying.

Once it was over, my committee told me I'd conditionally passed,which meant I had to take more time to study and prepare to talk about the topic further.I was shaken but still hopeful.But when I retook the exam,I failed again.That's when I was told I'd have one more chance.

For the next 5 months,I asked my committee chairs for guidance and practiced answering oral questions. I even stopped doing lab work to focus on my exam preparations.I was all in.

When the exam was over, I left the room feeling a mix of fear and relief. But those feelings changed to disappointment the next day after I learned I'd failed.I speak Spanish at home,but I have difficulty translating even the simplest scientific concepts into Spanish. This held back my ability to comfortably speak the expected"language of science".

My adviser requested to reinstate（使重返岗位）me＇to the PhD program，and I＇m now back to working on my doctorate.I still have a little voice in the back of my head that I' not good enough.But I try to stop it by surrounding myself with professors who support me and by staying focused on developing into the great scientist I know I can be. I am much more than that one-hour exam.