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Nobel Prize winner Tu Youyou helped by ancient Chinese remedy

Tu Youyou, in China, is being called the "three noes" winner: no medical degree, no doctorate(博士头衔), and she's never worked overseas. However, it was she that was the first female Chinese scientist who had won the Nobel Prize. When it comes to her work, she is totally devoted.

In 1967, malaria(疟疾) spread by mosquitoes was killing Chinese soldiers fighting Americans in the jungles of northern Vietnam. A secret research unit was formed to find a cure for the illness and Tu was instructed to become the new head of Mission 523. She went to the southern Chinese island of Hainan to study how malaria threatened human health. For six months, she stayed there, leaving her four-year-old daughter at a local nursery. Her husband had been sent away to work at the countryside at the height of China's Cultural Revolution, a time of extreme political disorder.

Despite much failure, finally, she with her team members found a brief reference to one substance, sweet wormwood (in Chinese Qinhao), which had been used to treat malaria in China around 400 AD.

The team tested the drug but they didn't succeed until Tu Youyou returned to the original ancient text. After another careful reading, she heated the extract without allowing it to reach boiling point.

Without any hesitation, Tu Youyou volunteered to be the first human recipient of the new drug." As the head of the research group, I had the responsibility," she explained to the Chinese media. Tu Youyou is typically described in China as a "modest" woman. Her work was published anonymously(匿名地)in 1977, and for decades she received little recognition for her research.

In any case, Tu Youyou is consistently praised for her drive and passion. One former colleague says Ms Tu is "unsociable and quite straightforward", adding that "if she disagrees with something, she will say it".

Another colleague who has worked with Tu Youyou for more than 40 years, describes her as a "tough and stubborn woman".

She is actually stubborn enough to spend decades piecing together ancient texts and apply them to modern scientific practices. The result has saved millions of lives.

Caves in the Sahara Desert

In today's lecture we will center on the people who lived five thousand years ago in the Sahara Desert. Most of these desert people moved across the countryside throughout the year. But if the journey was long, extra food and tools were sometimes stored in caves. One of these caves is now an exciting historic site. Even though the cave is very large, it was certainly too dark and dusty for people to live in, but it was a great place to hide things. And huge amounts of food supplies and daily tools have been found there. The food includes dried fish and nuts. Some decorations were also found in the caves. There are necklaces, earrings, and so on. Most of them are made of bone. From the above talk, we can see that there are really a lot of differences between ancient people's lives and our lives today.

The Houston Museum of Natural Science

 Welcomes all school groups to explore technology and the natural environment on a field trip designed to meet the learning needs of the students.

You can visit the museum from Monday to Saturday from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Groups must have at least one teacher for every ten students. Students must be supervised at all times, and teachers are responsible for their behavior inside the museum. Unsafe behavior is not permitted and will result in the entire group being asked to leave.

No backpacks, headphones, candy, gum, or lunches are allowed inside the museum. Lunches may be eaten outside in the park. We regret that the museum is unable to provide a place to have lunch indoors. In the event of bad weather, please plan to eat in your vehicle.

Computer programmer David Jones earns $35,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank ready to let him have a credit card. Instead he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18. The 16-year-old works for a small firm in Liverpool where the problem of most young people of his age is finding a job. David's firm releases two new games for the fast growing computer market each month.

But David's biggest headache is what to do with his money. Even though he earns a lot, he cannot drive a car, take out a mortgage, or get credit cards. David got his job with the Liverpool-based company four months ago, a year after leaving school with six O-levels and working for a time in a computer shop. "I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs" he said. David spends some of his money on records and clothes and gives his mother 50 pounds a week. But most of his spare time is spent working.

"Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school", he said. "But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway" David added, "I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear."

The last thing Jack wanted to do was wake up early and go to work on Monday morning. Getting out of the bus, Jack found there was still 30 minutes before his 1 began, so he2 to take a walk around the block to adjust(调整) himself to another busy working day. 

While walking, he3 a young couple talking to each other in a foreign language. "Excuse me! Could you help us please?" the woman called to him in strange English. "We are tourist, lost. Need ‘Dolphin' hotel. You know where is?" She was courageous as she spoke a (an)4 language.

"I'm sorry, I don't know. I'm in a hurry," Jack said, and moved off. He was so upset about his problems that he5 without thinking. Having walked about 100 feet, he felt he was wrong and6 back. Luckily, the couple were 7 there. He walked up to them. "I remembered where the ‘Dolphin' hotel is. I'm sorry, I just got 8 : there are hundreds of hotels in New York. It's not far from here. you may9 there. Just go straight to that crossroad, then turn to the left, and you will see a white-blue building. That will be the10 you're looking for."

The couple thanked him, and Jack11 lightly this time. But when he turned his back, he saw that the couple didn't move, and the look on their faces was the12 . "Maybe I was talking too 13 , and they couldn't understand me well enough", he thought. All of a sudden, he felt that he could do something more important than sit in his office all day long. He knew that he couldn't leave these young people behind: they couldn't14 get to the hotel by themselves. He walked up to them once again. They looked at him in surprise. "I could15 you to the hotel, if you still need my help," Jack said. For the first time since the beginning of this month, he felt relaxed.

Live Shows are back, and so are street stalls

With the revival of live music gigs in China this year, stalls outside of concert venues have become increasingly popular again across the country.

Vendors offer goods  from essentials like water and raincoats to fan merchandise such as bracelets（手镯）and tattoo stickers. They aim to attract the large groups of fans going to the concerts.

The China Association of Performing Arts （CAPA，中国演出行业协会）reported that in the first half of 2023， the country hosted over 190,000 performances. The number in-creased by 400.86% with the previous year. These performances have attracted over 60 million music enthusiasts. Another report that China's performance market would reach 90.3 billion yuan by the end of this year.

"Where there are business opportunities, there is potential for stalls," said Hu Xiaowu, an expert on urban science. "As more concerts are organized in different cities, many young people have found the chance to sell goods related to the events."

Zeng Dexiong, a professor of social sciences, believed more people would take of this new wave. This, he said, would probably bring about fierce competition, which in turn would lead to more creativity and .

Sun Ximin,25, set up a stall as a side hustle when a large venue near her home in Guangzhou hosted its first concert in April. There weren't many stalls back then, and she sold simple hair accessories（配饰）.When more vendors gathered outside, Sun had to offer more services, like braiding（编发），to stand out. To attract more customers，she styled her own hair in complex braids., she offered free Polaroid photos.

For Li Zhenzhen, a 23-year-old citizen of Xi'an in Shaanxi province, success lies in seeking the best location. She found it was more beneficial to locate her stall near a subway station rather than the concert venue's entrance. She explained that concertgoers are likely to buy the goods on impulse（一时冲动）as they get out of the station. However, as they walk past stalls on the way to the entrance, their desire to purchase wanes.

The rapid development of the street stall economy offers young people flexible opportunities to earn money, Hu noted.

Recognizing this, local governments are now easing to encourage the entrepreneurial spirit. Cities like Beijing and Shenzhen have alreadypolicies to support stall operations, setting aside specific areas for vendors.

The term "killjoy parents" has been trending on Chinese social media platforms as many young people complain that their parents would rather criticize than (praise) them for their accomplishments. One poster, for example, remarked that his parents said his high score in math wasn't good enough because several other students had scored higher. Another complained that, after getting accepted into a "second-tier (二流的)" university, the response he got from his father was "Congratulations. You got admitted to a garbage university."

It's a terrible feeling to have someone "burst your bubble" when you think they should be sharing your Joy. And your parents, after all, are probably the people you most want to share the best moments in your life. But why do some parents seem to be so hard to please?

I think a lot of it has to do with Chinese society. Parents know that life can be full of hardship and difficulties, and they want their children to be hardened" to these realities. Another reason probably be found deep in Chinese culture.

When I asked a Chinese friend Chinese parents don't praise their children, he said it's because they don't want to bring their children bad luck. He told me the story of two women sitting in a park and watching their children play. One of the mothers said to the other, "Your boy is so handsome and healthy." That other mother replied, "No, he's very ugly and he's a very sickly child." The mother, my friend explained, didn't want her son praised the "gods" heard and punished him. It's an old superstition (迷信), but it does have some basis in fact.

American parents, at the other extreme, (teach) to never criticize their children because it may hurt their feelings their self-esteem (自尊). Instead, they are told to always praise their children, even for failure. Psychologists (心理学家) now believe this is a bad idea. According to one study, too much praise can result in negative effects. kids with low self-esteem felt even worse about themselves, kids with high self-esteem became narcissistic (自恋的) or self-centered. Moreover, children who got too much praise were (likely) to take risks, were unable to deal with failure, and tended to give up when (face) with challenges.

Having "killjoy parents " may not be enjoyable, it' s important to recognize that their seemingly critical nature doesn't negate (否定) the love they have for you. In their hearts, they genuinely (真诚地) share in your joy.

"Surprise!" was the first thing I heard when I opened the door. My family and friends were all smiling at me. There were colorful balloons all over the house, a big poster saying "HAPPY BIRTHDAY", and of course a cake with 12 candles. It was a wonderful feeling. I knew that I had finally turned twelve and I might possibly get the thing I wanted most.

I saw my mom and dad coming towards me with a small box which seemed to be a birthday present. When I opened the box, I couldn't believe my eyes. I had really gotten a mobile phone! Throwing myself into their arms, I let out a cry of joy, "Thank you! I love you guys!"

"You're welcome. We knew this was going to make you happy but we didn't only get you this because you turned twelve, but also because you are doing well in school. We expect you to keep getting good grades."

"Of course I will," I said confidently.

As soon as I got to school the next morning, I was showing off my phone and asking everyone for their number. It was cool how I got so many contacts on the first day.

It felt like I didn't even exist in that class anymore. I wouldn't pay much attention to the teachers because I was too busy on my phone. However, I didn't get caught using it.

I am pretty sure that the teacher did notice that I stopped paying attention to her because a week later we took a test and I failed. What was worse, my mom had to sign the test.

It was hard to show my mom the test. She was used to seeing A's and B's on my tests. Finally, I showed it to her, and she couldn't believe it. She was angry but most of all, she was disappointed.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Realizing the reason for my failure, my parents started to dislike the fact that I had a phone.

Then I started to wonder if I was wrong.

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Li Lin,

……

Yours,

Li Hua

I want to do something special for my 15-year-old son, who has always been a perfect boy. He worked all summer to earn enough money to buy  (he) a new racing bicycle instead of asking for money from me. Then he spent hours and hours on it. I loved my son so much  I bought him a pair of sunglasses and  (glove). When my son  (ride) the racing bicycle, he looked very cool. He dreamed  taking part in a race and winning.

On November 10th, my birthday, when I went to the kitchen to start the milk and bread in the morning, I found beautiful guitar on the table, beside which was a card, (say), "Happy birthday to my mother." I was surprised and then began to sob. I remembered once I joked to my family that I wanted to learn the guitar to make my life (wonder). I had forgotten it, but my son remembered. He took it (serious), and bought me one as a birthday gift. After wondering how my son could buy this expensive gift, I realized that my son had sold his racing bicycle (get) me the guitar.

Last year, I told my family that I didn't want or need anything for my birthday. 1 , I wanted them to think of a way to share a 2 in their world for me. My husband and my daughter did something different, but 3 .

The week of my birthday my husband went to a local cafe and told a waitress that he wanted to 4  pay for the breakfast of a family. The waitress was 5  and said it was her last day at work there and this had never 6 . When the family finished eating, the waitress told them their 7  had been paid. The mom started crying and the dad stood up, trying to 8  who might have done it, but my husband was outside 9  the whole thing. He told me he had such a wonderful 10  in his heart that he would like to do it a few more times.

My daughter was on a 11  budget so she 12  the week smiling more at people, and letting someone go before her at the market. She just took the time during my birthday week to slow down and be 13  and kind to a stranger and her co-workers.

When we finally all got together for Mother's Day and my birthday, everyone was in tears as each person 14 what they had done. As you can see, it was the 15 birthday ever!

As an English learner, you often feel anxious when you have to speak English in front of others. Here are some solutions to help you build confidence in speaking English.

Adopt a practice and repetition routine. When something becomes natural to you, you begin to feel confident of doing it. And the only way you can arrive at this "natural" way of doing things is through practice and repetition. So write down what you may talk about and then practise saying it aloud and repeatedly before an English meeting.

You may lose confidence when your spoken English is misunderstood by listeners. In most cases, it's because the listeners are not used to your accent or you speak too fast. There is no doubt that speaking slowly is easy to achieve.

Don't run away from uncomfortable situations. It is natural for any human being to avoid uncomfortable situations when possible, but you will build your confidence in the uncomfortable zones.

All in all, learning to speak English confidently doesn't happen overnight.As the saying goes, "No pains, no gains." As long as you make enough efforts, you will surely improve your spoken English, and then you will naturally become confident of speaking English in front of others.

A. Purposely speak more slowly.

B. Try to understand your listeners.

C. It takes time and you need to make continuous efforts.

D. Well, it's the same principle as speaking English confidently.

E. It is common to make some mistakes when you speak English.

F. However, going from an unconfident speaker to a confident one is possible.

G. The secret is to be fully prepared, and then you will overcome the uncomfortable situations.

Americans often try to say things as quickly as possible. So, for some expressions, we use the first letters of the words instead of saying each word. Many common expressions or long names are shortened this way

B-Y-O-B is a short way of saying, "Bring Your Own Bottle." The letters BYOB are often found at the bottom of a written invitation to a simple social event or gathering of friends. For example, let's say I had a New Year's Eve party. I might include on the invitation, "Please come to my party and BYOB." The bottle each person brings is what the person wants to drink at the party or wants to share.

However, an invitation to a special event—such as a wedding—would never say BYOB. An invitation to an official or very special event often has other letters written at the bottom. The letters are R-S-V-P. These letters represent the French expression "Répondez S'il Vous Plaît". In English the words mean "Respond If It Pleases You". Americans use the letters as a short way to say, "Please reply."

Another expression usually used for business and not parties is A-S-A-P. So, a colleague might say she needs something done ASAP. It means "as soon as possible". She might also need something done by C-O-B. That means she wants to finish it by "Close Of Business" or the end of the workday.

Beginning letters are often used to represent the names of universities. A famous one is MIT. That is short for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Another major university is UCLA. Almost no one ever says its real name, the University of California at Los Angeles. That takes way(大大地;远远地) too long!

The English language is changing, and you are responsible! Whether we consider changes in grammar, spelling, pronunciation, or the very vocabulary of the language, you have played your part and continue to do so.

When we first learned basic grammar and spelling, perhaps in elementary school, we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred (神圣的). The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable. While this way might be helpful in teaching children, it's far from accurate.

The English language, like many others, is a living, growing, ever-evolving (不断演变的) thing. Like it or not, you are involved in this change. These changes take many forms. Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries, with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this. While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English, most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.

The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words. Many are familiar with the differences between the British and American ways of pronouncing certain words. In addition to these differences, the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them. For example, consider the word "err". The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word "her" Older dictionaries show this to be the primary or only pronunciation. However, in recent years, more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like "air". Another change in the language involves the addition and removal of words. The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted as part of the English language. Through the centuries, many words have come from other languages. In fact, English has probably done this more than any other language in the world, which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.

Of course, many slang words (俚语) have been just short-lived fashions that have died out quickly. Others, though, have been adopted by mainstream society and become respectable, as have many technical terms. So then remember, the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the streets, or make up your own words, you may be contributing to the future of the English language.

The way you use your cellphones around your family can have an effect on your relationships. Cellphones can make you feel more connected, but they can also distract (使分心) you and your family from connecting with each other in person. While some people need to check their phones for work or emergency (紧急情况) purposes, it's important to make meaningful connections through face-to-face communication.

Some people have trouble putting away their cellphones. They might feel they can't control how often they pick up their phones or how long they use them. They might feel the need to often check phones without a real reason or feel upset if they don't have an opportunity to use their phones. Using cellphones for work purposes during family time can increase worries and unhappiness among family members. While using their cellphones, parents talk to their kids less, reply more slowly, and overreact to being interrupted. And ignoring their partner while on the phone is linked to lower relationship satisfaction among couples.

Once you've given some thought to your own cellphone use, think about the rules you want your family to follow when you're together. To get your family on the same page, call a family meeting. Review each person's current cellphone use and areas where you think some changes might help. It's not just about simply cutting cellphone use down. Instead, consider what you're using your phone for and what activities you want to carry out.

For example, are you or your children using phones to stay connected, learn something new, do schoolwork, or do something else? If you have kids, ask their opinions on your own phone use. You might be surprised by what they have to share. Use good communication skills by practicing active listening and showing curiosity about what each family member has to say.

Less phone use also usually means less screen time, which enables kids to spend more time outdoors and be more physically active. When teens spend more time actively with their parents, they tend to set higher educational goals.

There are many fun, free activities that you can do as a family. All that is required is a bit of imagination and some time. And the best part is that these are the kind of fun, family memories a child will remember for a lifetime.

Family Game Night

Kids often get games for Christmas or birthdays, and would love to have a chance to play with their family. Or, make up some games of their own. Charades(哑谜猜字游戏) is a fun game that will challenge children to use their imagination. Divide the family into teams and let each team come up with words and the other has to act them out.

Family Art Time

Pick some time for the family to sit down and come up with their own art. It doesn't need to be just a drawing-take some old magazines, let the kids cut out pictures and paste them into their own shape. Or let them use leaves, branches and whatever else they can find to make something from their imagination

Family Picnic

Taking the family for a picnic is a great way for some fun that doesn't cost any money. If the weather is nice, take them to a park or playground and let them have a day of playingFamily Field Trip

A family field trip doesn't have to cost a cent. Ask a nearby farm if you can bring your kids out for a tour to see some of the animals. Or take them to a park to find certain items from nature. Ask a local business if you could bring the family for a tour to see how things work—you might be surprised at the number of people who would be excited to share what they do with others, and it could be an interesting lesson for kids.

注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.续写部分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。

When I was young, the kitchen had an invisible "stop" sign put there by my mom. "No, you cannot enter here!" she always said to me. Well, I really don't blame her as it is no place for kids.

I was just left outside in admiration, looking at what wonders the kitchen held. A few years passed by and I became very interested in food, both eating and preparing it. However, the kitchen was still out of bounds so I couldn't experiment with cooking. But they couldn't stop me forever now, could they?

It was early morning. Mom had gone for grocery shopping and no one else was at home. Time to strike! I walked through the dining room and there was the kitchen in front of me!

I stepped inside and took in the sight in front of me—cabinets (储藏柜 ) lining a wall, the oven (炉子) occupying the central place of another wall, the dishes sparkling like diamonds. I had seen it from outside but this time it was up close. As I hadn't had breakfast, I decided to begin my first experience as a cook by making an omelette (煎蛋) . Sure I had seen Mom do it, so how could it be hard?

I searched the cabinets and finally found some eggs and onions. I knew the basics so I began the work. I washed an onion first and then chopped it. Then came the egg. It took me two or three attempts to crack one open and into the bowl. I put the onion and some salt in the bowl too and mixed them. After that, I lighted the stove and put the frying pan on it and poured some oil in it... and poured some on the floor too, accidentally, of course! Till the pouring of the mixture into the pan, everything was going perfect—then I wondered what was used for turning the egg upside down in the pan.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

Soon, I was running all over the kitchen, searching for the cooking spoon.

Paragraph 2:

While I was busy taking the burnt egg out in a plate, someone came up behind me.