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Nina had always felt like she was living in the shadows. Growing up, she was the shy kid who always sat in the back of the classroom and 1 spoke up. She had a few friends, but they were also quiet, so they never really did anything 2 . As she got older, she wanted to break out of her shell and experience new things. However, she didn't know 3 .

One day, Nina 4 a group of people playing Frisbee (飞盘). They were having a great time. Nina felt a pang of jealousy (嫉妒) but she didn't know how to 5 them. She watched from a distance, wishing she had the 6 to join in. As she was about to turn and 7 , one of the guys in the group noticed her watching. He smiled and 8 her over. Nina's heart started 9 as she walked towards them. They welcomed her with 10 arms and invited her to play.

It was a simple game of Frisbee, but for Nina, it was a huge 11 . Over the next few weeks, she started meeting the group 12 . For the first time in her life, Nina felt like she 13  somewhere. She has realized that sometimes all it 14  is one small step. She has also learned that life is too short to live in the shadows and that the world is full of 15  waiting to be seized.

Every day, we face a series of opportunities o do the right thing. Sometimes we seize (抓住) those moments; other times, we don't. And what drives some people to take the moral high ground?

Jessie Sun interviewed 952 people about the motivations (动机) for moral behavior and the changes they wished to make in their lives order to become more morally good.

When we think about morals, we often think about making "personal sacrifices (牺牲)" for the greater good. In Sun's study, she found that nearly half of the participants said they were most encouraged to become more moral for themselves. And fewer participants said that they most wanted to benefit friends and people in general.

Moreover, many people believe that acting more morally—for example, being more thoughtful, more open-minded—would increase their own well-being. The more they believed that their moral change would have positive results for themselves, the more they reported being encouraged to make that change.  That was the most surprising finding in the study.

Interestingly, participants generally expected possible harms to themselves and others if they were honest. You can imagine that some people regularly tell white lies to save other people's feelings, and they believed it would be hurtful if they were honest.

Researchers also asked people about the things they'd like to improve about themselves. If they're extremely shy, they usually want to become more comfortable in social situations. But if they aren't especially honest or thoughtful, they usually won't improve those aspects of their lives on purpose.

A. How can we become more moral?

B. So, why do we make these choices?

C. Being moral just isn't what most people consider first.

D. Being moral means different things to different people.

E. But people see some disadvantages of being moral, too.

F. In short, many people want to become more moral for their own benefits.

G. Sixteen percent said that they most wanted to become more moral for their family.

It's hard to predict which songs will become hits. It's even more difficult to predict which artists topping today's charts will go on to record more hits and who will see their fame end.

To figure out if there's some kind of principle that can help explain who becomes a flash in the    an and who has a lasting music career, Justin Berg, a social scientist who researches creativity at Stanford University's business school, studied the songs from pop music charts. He used a database of about 3 million songs from 1959-2010 released by record labels that had produced at least one hit in the United States over that time. Of those songs, nearly 25,000 landed on the weekly Billboard Hot 100. That provided Berg with a list of nearly 4,900 artists who had one or more songs that made the list, his yardstick (标准) for defining a hit.

Hits are rare, the data show. Of the 69,000 artists in the original database, 93 percent never had a hit, 3 percent had one and 1 percent had two hits. The success rate for additional hits drops from there.

Artists with more variety in their music type have a better chance to land repeat hits. But there's a dilemma for artists who want to be popular over the long term. Variety isn't what helps artists land that first hit, Berg reports. It's the similarity of a new song to recent hits.

According to Berg's study, musical artists who produced music like other already existing music were about twice as likely to have their first hit. But those who created a more creative and varied music type before fame hit were more likely to make a series of hits.

However, Berg doesn't want his research to diminish (贬低) the accomplishments of one-hit wonders. "A lot of them in their time were quite famous and successful," he says. "You go out and try to make a song that catchy. It's not an easy challenge."

Earlier this month, TikTok announced that it will be introducing screen time limits for the accounts of users aged under 18. Children under 13 will require a parent or guardian to type in a password to continue scrolling (滚屏) through their feed, and those aged 13-17 will be asked to set their own passwords when the viewing time goes beyond the limit.

Studies suggest that 30 minutes may be the sweet spot for social media use, where users are able to stay connected with friends and family and view entertainment. However, many other studies show that overly-heavy social media use can lead to a lot of problems, such as physical issues and depression.

By suggesting 100 minutes as a hard line where a password is required to be created by the user, TikTok is gradually making the standards clear as to what may be regarded as problematic social media habit in young people. Although these passwords for older teenagers can obviously be bypassed, they are a step in the right direction in encouraging children to use social media responsibly.

Also, parents who own their own TikTok accounts will be able to link with their children's accounts, gaining additional, such as muting notifications (消息免打扰) and customizing time limits for different days in the week.

Algorithms (算法) that could tell parents if the child has been viewing dangerous material could soon be put into use. However, the difficulty in this is the amount of content available on the internet.

Ultimately, apps such as TikTok and Instagram will need to continue introducing more measures to improve online safety for children.

Lawmakers around the world are paying close attention to the effect social media has on the young, meaning that the development of new tools to improve its use will no doubt take place soon if big tech wishes to avoid additional legal issues.

On our second day in Barcelona, Spain, my classmates and I headed out to see the sights. We hadn't had a chance to stop by any banks to take out cash, but we had our bank cards, which, to our American way of thinking, would naturally be accepted anywhere. Our teacher led us to La Sagrada Familia, a church which has been under construction for over 100 years.

She let each of us decide whether we wanted to pay for entrance to the church or return to the hotel after a long day. Many headed for the subway and returned to the hotel. Eager to explore more, two of my friends and I wandered about the plaza (露天广场), but soon the other two decided they wanted to return to the hotel also. I was confident in my abilities and had a subway ticket, so I felt comfortable without them; I got in line to enter the church.

When I reached the window, they asked for the 10-euro admission price. I confidently handed over my bank card, which they denied, asking for cash only. I was shocked. I only had three euros on hand, and my entire group had left. I was leaving the next day to fly to Madrid, and I wasn't going to get this opportunity again.

Just then, I overheard English being spoken around me. It took about ten minutes to collect my courage to approach the speakers and explained my dilemma: American student, no cash, priceless landmark, no other opportunity to see it. Fortunately, one smiling woman handed me a 20-euro bill. "Go buy me a bottle of wine, and you can keep the change," she offered. I did so without delay, grateful that I wouldn't miss this fantastic opportunity.

Perhaps seven euros didn't mean a lot to her, but it meant a lot to me, and she offered it in such a friendly way that I didn't feel like a beggar. That simple act of kindness remains in my memory as one of the nicest things a stranger has ever done for me.

Here's a list of the new picture books and novels for children and teens this month.

Food Fight by Alex Latimer, Oxford, £7.99

The Fruits and the Vegetables are long-standing enemies until secret friends Grape and Mushroom set off on a pilgrimage (朝圣) to the Wise d Cheese. Can they find a way bring peace to Fruit Bowl and Veg Drawer alike? A diversity of verbal and visual puns (双关语) makes for a funny picture-book treat.

The Boy Who Saved a Bear by Nizrana Farook, Nosy Crow, £7.99

Farook's latest animal adventure features a boy Numan who is convinced that his parents favour his perfect brother Krish and is determined t prove his worth. After he takes over Krish's book delivery job, he forms an unexpected bond with a frightening bear and sets out to return the stolen Key of Nissanka to the King's City, This lively, exciting picture book for 8+ will attract existing fans and newcomers alike.

Stink by Jenny McLachian, Farshore, £7.99

Danny thinks the fairy door he got for his birthday is a rubbish present. Worse still, Stink, the world's worst fairy, flies out of it. Stink does nothing but ride on rats, eat insects and cause trouble. The only way she can get back to Fairyland is by doing a good deed. Can Danny help his hopeless fairy be good for once? This wildly comic, highly illustrated book is perfect for 6 and up.

A Child Like You by Na'ima B Robert and Nadine Kaadan, Otter-Barry, £12.99

This powerful picture book for 5+ readers describes four children's fears and worries—climate disaster, lack of support, feeling lost and alone—and then shows how they find ways to fight back, "because the world can be a hopeful place" too.

 Julia always enjoyed running through The Dark Walk towards the light at the end of it. It was a dark, damp tunnel (隧道) made of smooth branches. This year she had the extra joy of showing it to her small brother, Stephen, and terrifying him as well as herself. 

 One day they found a hole on one side of the walk. Inside there was water, in which they perceived a panting trout (喘息的鳟鱼). They were both so excited that they were no longer afraid of the darkness as they bent down and peered at the fish panting in his tiny prison, his silver stomach going up and down like an engine; otherwise he was motionless. Julia wondered what he ate and thought of his hunger. She found him a worm.He ignored the food, and just went on panting. Bending over him, she thought how he had been in there. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, floating around alone. 

 Nobody knew how the fish got there. Her mother suggested that a bird had carried the egg. Her father thought that in the winter a small stream might have carried it down there as a baby, and it has been safe until summer came and the water began to dry up. 

 Before they went to bed, Stephen asked his mummy the whole story of the trout, not really interested in the actual trout, but in the story which his mum began to make up for him, and Julia, in her bed, presented her back to them and read her book. But she kept one ear cocked. "And so, in the end, this naughty fish got bigger and bigger, and the water got smaller and smaller..." Passionately, she turned around and cried, "Mummy, don't make it a horrible old moral story." Her mom even brought in a fairy (仙子), who had made it rain and filled the hole, so that the trout could float away down to the river below. Staring at the moon she knew there was no such thing as a fairy and that trout, down in the tunnel, was panting for his life. 

注意：

 续写词数应为150左右； 

 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 

The Ancient City of Pingyao, originally named "Gu Tao", (construct) during the Western Zhou Dynasty. In order to defend from invaders（入侵者）, a wall was built the city in 1370. More than 300 years later, gate towers were built (celebrate) a visit by Kangxi Emperor.

 The three most historic sites in Pingyao, often referred to as the city's Three Historic Treasures, (be) the ancient brick-made city wall and the Zhenguo and Shuanglin temples. 

 The first of these historic treasures, the ancient city wall is 6,163 meters long and separates the city into two parts-an old city enclosed within the walls  the newer modern section of the city. The old town still looks as it (do) during the Qing Dynasty, with antique streets and buildings along (age) roads. Walking along the alleyways, one can appreciate the symmetrical（对称的）design of the city and (it) stylish manmade-cave houses. In the northeast corner of the city is the second treasure: Zhenguo Temple. Its Wan Fo Hall is the third oldest wooden building in China and houses numerous (value) painted sculptures. The third treasure is Shuanglin Temple. Built during the Qi Dynasty, the temple boasts more than 2,000 painted clay statues  were created during the Yuan and Ming dynasties. 

 Museums can be overwhelming. With thousands of pieces there, how do you know which to focus on? And once you see a piece you like, how do you interact with it? Here is some advice on how to have a meaningful connection when you look at art. 

 Get up close and personal. Therefore, take your time to observe qualities about a work that may not come through on a computer screen. That includes its look and the feel of its surface, the marks made by the brush and the path your eyes take when viewing the work. 

 Stand back. Next, take a few steps back, stand in the center-and observe what's happening in the big picture. What's going on in the piece?  What are they doing? How are they related? 

 Look at it from an angle. Then try looking at an artwork from its sides, because you might catch something you might not have seen straight on. If it's something like The Ambassadors by Holbein at The National Gallery in London, if you stand to the side, you'll see something that from front on looks very different.  That's called anamorphic art. 

 Move your body. If you're looking at a painting, you can take a finger to the air and trace the outline of the figure or the movement of the brushstrokes.  This can help you see and feel what it might be like to make this artwork from the artist's perspective. 

 Consider the subject of the art. That can have a profound effect on how you feel about the work-and perhaps you can learn something from it. Take the example of Andrew Wyeth's famous painting, Christina's World, which depicts（描绘）a girl with a muscle disease crawling across a field to get to her home in the distance. The painting personifies（体现）determination. 

 A. So just keep an open mind. 

 B. What have they gone through? 

 C. When you stand to the side, it changes. 

 D. How are the figures in the piece arranged? 

 E. We have the luxury of seeing the real thing at a museum. 

 F. When looking at sculptures, try the poses with your body. 

 G. It can in a way relieve your stress to know we have this inner strength. 

Julia always enjoyed running through The Dark Walk towards the light at the end of it. It was a dark, damp tunnel (隧道) made of smooth branches. This year she had the extra joy of showing it to her small brother, Stephen, and terrifying him as well as herself.

One day they found a hole on one side of the walk. Inside there was water, in which they perceived a panting trout (喘息的鳟鱼). They were both so excited that they were no longer afraid of the darkness as they bent down and peered at the fish panting in his tiny prison, his silver stomach going up and down like an engine; otherwise he was motionless. Julia wondered what he ate and thought of his hunger. She found him a worm.He ignored the food, and just went on panting. Bending over him, she thought how he had been in there. All the winter, in the dark tunnel, all day, all night, floating around alone.

Nobody knew how the fish got there. Her mother suggested that a bird had carried the egg. Her father thought that in the winter a small stream might have carried it down there as a baby, and it has been safe until summer came and the water began to dry up.

Before they went to bed, Stephen asked his mummy the whole story of the trout, not really interested in the actual trout, but in the story which his mum began to make up for him, and Julia, in her bed, presented her back to them and read her book. But she kept one ear cocked. "And so, in the end, this naughty fish got bigger and bigger, and the water got smaller and smaller..." Passionately, she turned around and cried, "Mummy, don't make it a horrible old moral story." Her mom even brought in a fairy (仙子), who had made it rain and filled the hole, so that the trout could float away down to the river below. Staring at the moon she knew there was no such thing as a fairy and that trout, down in the tunnel, was panting for his life.

注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。

注意：
1.写作词数应为 80 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。

The Ancient City of Pingyao, originally named "Gu Tao",(construct) during the Western Zhou Dynasty. In order to defend from invaders (入侵者)， a wall was built the city in 1370. More than 300 years later, gate towers were built (celebrate) a visit by Kangxi Emperor.

The three most historic sites in Pingyao, often referred to as the city's Three Historic Treasures, (be) the ancient brick-made city wall and the Zhenguo and Shuanglin temples.

The first of these historic treasures, the ancient city wall is 6,163 meters long and separates the city into two parts - an old city enclosed within the wallsthe newer modern section of the city. The old town still looks as it (do) during the Qing Dynasty, with antique streets and buildings along(age) roads. Walking along the alleyways, one can appreciate the symmetrical (对称的) design of the city and(it) stylish manmade-cave houses. In the northeast corner of the city is the second treasure: Zhenguo Temple. Its Wan Fo Hall is the third oldest wooden building in China and houses numerous(value) painted sculptures. The third treasure is Shuanglin Temple. Built during the Qi Dynasty, the temple boasts (拥有) more than 2,000 painted clay statueswere created during the Yuan and Ming dynasties.

A week ago, in search of an extremely 1  flower called the tagimoucia, I travelled to Taveuni, where the plant only grows.

My host Vagoni told me that many locals may have only seen the flower in pictures. He also told me that I'd be 2 to climb the mountain without a 3 ."You'll be on the steep (陡峭的) service road before you 4 the rainforest on an unmarked track to have any chance of finding the tagimoucia. There's thick 5 and it's always raining," he said. "At best, you don't find the 6 . At worst, you get completely 7 ."

I asked Vagoni 8  this worst case had happened before. "9 !" he said. "Just two weeks ago, a group of seven locals went up without a guide and got lost in the cloud. There was a search-and-rescue mission. What a 10 !"

Soon, we set out up the service road with a guide. I'd hiked Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa, and made it 11  the Everest Base Camp. 12 , I quickly discovered that Taveuni's extreme humidity and the trail's steepness make the climbing astonishingly 13 . I needed to stop to rest every 10 minutes.

An hour later, we were in the forest, ducking under fallen trees and climbing over other obstacles. Suddenly, the guide pointed up with 14 . "Look! The tagimoucia!" he shouted. I couldn't believe we'd found it - I also couldn't see a thing, as my glasses were 15  up in the mist.

Museums can be overwhelming. With thousands of pieces there, how do you know which to focus on? And once you see a piece you like, how do you interact with it? Here is some advice on how to have a meaningful connection when you look at art.

Get up close and personal.Therefore, take your time to observe qualities about a work that may not come through on a computer screen. That includes its look and the feel of its surface, the marks made by the brush and the path your eyes take when viewing the work.

Stand back. Next, take a few steps back, stand in the center - and observe what's happening in the big picture. What's going on in the piece?What are they doing? How are they related?

Look at it from an angle. Then try looking at an artwork from its sides, because you might catch something you might not have seen straight on. If it's something like The Ambassadors by Holbein at The National Gallery in London, if you stand to the side, you'll see something that from front on looks very different.That's called anamorphic art.

Move your body. If you're looking at a painting, you can take a finger to the air and trace the outline of the figure or the movement of the brushstrokes.This can help you see and feel what it might be like to make this artwork from the artist's perspective.

Consider the subject of the art. That can have a profound effect on how you feel about the work - and perhaps you can learn something from it. Take the example of Andrew Wyeth's famous painting, Christina's World, which depicts (描绘) a girl with a muscle disease crawling across a field to get to her home in the distance. The painting personifies (体现) determination.

A. So just keep an open mind.

B. What have they gone through?

C. When you stand to the side, it changes.

D. How are the figures in the piece arranged?

E. We have the luxury of seeing the real thing at a museum.

F. When looking at sculptures, try the poses with your body.

G. It can in a way relieve your stress to know we have this inner strength.

Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive (互相排斥) career paths. But that wasn't always the case. The mathematician Ada Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Maxwell were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging (再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings.

"Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world," says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Ilingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field.

Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth's workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable-long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members' research projects. "It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem," Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. "We do a disservice (伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can't be artistic and that art can't be used to communicate scientific ideas," Mazon says.

That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. "Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts," he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says.

Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We're all just people with - hopefully -- really interesting things to say and to share.

When my daughters reached the third and fourth grades, I sometimes allowed them to walk to and from school alone if the weather permitted. One warm spring day, a little dog followed them home after school. It had short legs and long lovely ears. It was the cutest dog I had ever seen and the girls begged me to keep it.

The dog was about twelve weeks old. It had no collar (项圈) or identifying marks of any sort. I didn't know what to do. I thought about posting an advertisement but I really didn't want to. It would break the kids' hearts if someone should show up. Besides, its owners should have watched it more closely.

By the end of the week the dog was part of our family. It was very intelligent and good with the girls. The following week something told me to check the lost-and-found section in the local paper. One particular advertisement jumped out at me and my heart beat with fear for what I read. Someone was begging for the return of a lost dog in the neighborhood of our grade school. They sounded extremely eager. My hand shook, couldn't bring myself to pick up the paper.

Instead, I pretended I hadn't seen the advertisement. I quickly put paper away in the drawer and continued with my dusting. I never said a word about it to the kids or my husband.

By now we had named the dog. It looked like a Molly, so that was what we called it. It followed the girls everywhere they went. When they went outside, it was one step behind them. When they did the housework, it was there to lend a hand.

There was only one problem with this seemingly perfect picture: my conscience (良心) was bothering me. I knew in my heart I had to call that number in the paper and see if our Molly was the dog they were desperately seeking. It was the most difficult thing I've ever done.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With mixed feelings, I finally picked up the phone.

……

I asked the woman to come in and she quickly bent over and hugged Molly tightly.

注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter,

……

Yours sincerely,

LiHua

As the annual national college entrance exam, or gaokao, (conclude) on Saturday, "Li Hua", the name of a student who made frequent appearances in the English essay, had netizens (joke) about why he was always asking people to write a letter for him.

In this year's essay, a foreign teacher asks students to practice speaking English in pairs, , Li does not think it is a good idea, so exam takers (require) to write a letter on behalf of Li, presenting his opinions and suggestions.

Netizens are calling Li gaokao fixture (固定成员), as he is the main character in the essay writing section from primary to secondary school. The essay question usually ends with the phrase "If you were Li, please......" Based on the different questions, it seems that Li likes to write letters and (diary), make pen pals and offer suggestions. Li, is extroverted (活泼开朗), likes to participate in school clubs and holiday celebrations.

In the comment sections, many exam takers have recalled the things  (joyful) they have done on behalf of Li. Others questioned why Li has so many foreign friends. Meanwhile, some student have also expressed  (they) gratitude to Li for accompanying them throughout high school, calling Li a memory of their  (young), a reminder of their school days.

Every year I'd read over 2,000 college applications from students all over the world. It is quite 1 to choose whom to admit. 2 , in the chaos of SAT scores and recommendations, one 3 is always irresistible (无法抗拒的) in a candidate: kindness.

The most surprising 4 of kindness I've ever 5 came from a student who had excellent scores and a supportive recommendation from his college counselor (顾问). Even with these qualifications, he might not have 6 . But one letter of recommendation caught my eye. It was from a school security 7 . Actually, letters of recommendation are typically written by people like former presidents, celebrities, and Olympic athletes.

The security guard wrote that he supported this student's admission because of his 8 . This young man was the only person in the school who knew the names of every member of the guard staff. He turned off lights in empty rooms, consistently 9 the hallway monitor each morning and tidied up the classroom after his peers left school 10 nobody was watching. This student, the security guard wrote, had a(n) 11 respect for every person at the school, regardless of position, popularity or power.

It gave us a 12 onto a student's life in the moments when nothing "counted". That student was admitted by unanimous (一致的) vote of the admissions committee.

Next year there might be a flood of security guard recommendations 13 this essay. But if it means students will start paying as much 14 to the people who clean their classrooms as they do to their principals and teachers, I'm happy to help start that 15 .

Reading is essential but how can one choose the right books to read and where can one find them? A few famous people may give you some helpful tips.

Read books from past eras.

Otherwise, you'd be "completely dependent on the prejudices and fashions of your times," just as Albert Einstein put it. "Somebody who reads only newspapers and books of contemporary authors looks to me like an extremely near-sighted person who dislikes eyeglasses," he said.

Reading too wide a variety in too short a time would keep the teachings from leaving a lasting impression on you. Seneca the Younger, a first-century Roman philosopher, suggested that "you must linger (流连) among a limited number of master thinkers, and digest their works, if you would obtain ideas which shall win firm hold in your mind."

Shop at secondhand bookstores.

Virginia Woolf believed the works in secondhand bookstores have an attraction which the usual volumes of the library lack. Browsing through these books gives you the chance to run into something that wouldn't have risen to the attention of librarians and booksellers.

Check out authors' reading lists.

In his 1940 guide How to Read a Book, American philosopher Mortimer J. Adler talked about how to choose books. He attached importance to those that other authors consider worth reading. Mortimer wrote that "one way to understand them is to read the books they read."

Make the final decision by yourself.

It's you yourself who should choose what, how and when to read. Theodore Roosevelt recommended choosing books on subjects that interest you and letting your mood guide you to your next great read.

A. Interest is the best teacher.

B. Great authors are great readers.

C. Leave some room for older works.

D. Learn more about those great authors. 

E. Don't jump too quickly from book to book.

F. There's no "best books" list that everyone should follow.

G. Usually they are much more selective in organizing their collections.