相关试卷

With a fragrance（芳香） through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months, memories skyrocketed. Participants in this study by University of California, Irvine （UCI） neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group. The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy, non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia（痴呆）. 

The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning &. Memory. It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment. All were given seven small containers, each containing a single and different natural oil. People in the enriched group received full-strength oils. Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts. Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed, and it activated for two hours as they slept. 

People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group, as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory. Participants also reported sleeping more soundly. The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory. 

Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell, can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases. These include Alzheimer's and other dementias, Parkinson's and alcoholism. Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills, eased depression and improved their sense of smell.

The team would next like to study the technique's impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss. A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.

When trash sculptor Stephani e Hongo meets friends for drinks or dinner, it's not unusual for one of them to hand her shopping bags full of lids, empty soap bottles, and even a Barbie leg or two. By now, she's used to neighbors, friends and even strangers giving her their recyclable rejects.

But Hongo doesn't need any more garbage. She has a large collection of her own at home. "You don't need to be a trash picker to do this, " she says. "Trash is everywhere. " And for Hongo, where there is trash, there is art. Since 2017, Hongo has crafted complex sea creatures, realistic-looking jungle animals and other creatures out of everything from plastic forks to plastic tubing as well as a hair dryer, a purse, a tooth brush, and even a hair straightener.

Starting with her first piece—a blue deer named Yandoo that she fashioned out of odds and ends laying around her flat, which she screwed together and spray painted in a makeshift basement art studio—she's gone on to create more than 160 trash sculptures.

"I feel very fortunate, " says Hongo, who loves making a living as an artist. "I care about our environment. The upcycling aspect of it is a lovely byproduct. " Though she doesn't consider herself a true eco-artist, she hopes she's inspiring others to reuse items that usually end up in landfills. But for her, she says, "The art comes first. "

Before starting each project, Hongo figures out exactly what pieces of scrap（废旧的）metal, tubing and plastics she'll need to transform the pile of junk on her worktable into something fantastic, like a majestic octopus（章鱼） rocketing through the coral or a cute koala hugging a tree.

Since her funky creations sell on line at prices starting at $400, she's been fortunate enough to make trash sculpting her full-time career. "It's so much more than I ever expected, " she says.

Successful wildlife conservation goes hand in hand with community education and engagement. Volunteers work with community leaders and schools to share their passion for conservation and the environment. 

Rhino Conservation in Zimbabwe

The project is home to an internationally renowned Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme which has supported Zimbabwe's rhino population since the mid 1980s. To date, 20 rhinos have been born at the conservancy, with 12 rhinos successfully released back into the wild. Volunteers play a role in securing the future of this once-again endangered animal, working alongside anti-poaching rangers（反偷猎护林员）, working on rhino research projects and getting involved in the daily care of both black and white rhino.

Our Rhino Conservation Programme is a unique hands-on opportunity to get behind the scenes and experience day-to-day life on a private conservancy, and be involved with the protection and conservation of Zimbabwe's endangered black rhino.

The aim of the programme is to assist the reserve's established Black Rhino Breeding and Release Programme, collect meaningful data and information relating to rhino and wildlife conservation and animal behaviour, and engage with the local community about wildlife conservation.

Cheetah（猎豹） Conservation

In 2021, two captive-born male cheetah were introduced to the conservancy as part of an international rewilding programme. The cheetah are now free-wandering in the reserve, and volunteers play an important role in monitoring and observing their behaviour, tracking their movements and recording their hunting rate. 

Volunteer Work

Volunteers contribute to a long-term conservation project and get involved with a variety of conservation activities: 

·Work alongside rhinos, cheetah and elephants

·Conservancy management

·Wildlife monitoring

·Anti-poaching patrols and snare sweeps

·Educate school-children about conservation, wildlife and the environment

·Learn about what is involved in running a conservancy

Tom was working in a big company. He had been on the road visiting people for more than a month without going home. He couldn't wait to get back to see his wife and children. It was coming up on Mother's Day, and he usually tried to make it "back home", but this year he was just too busy and too tired. The day when he was driving in a small town, he saw a flower shop. He said to himself, "I know what I will do. I'll send my mother some roses. "

He stopped and went into the flower shop and saw a young boy talking to the girl in it. "How many roses can I get for five dollars, Ms. ?" the boy asked. The girl was trying to explain that roses were expensive. Maybe the young boy would be happy with something else.

"No, I have to have roses, " he said, "My mum was badly sick last year and there isn't much time left for her. I want to get something special. It has to be red roses, because that is her favorite. " He was stubborn.

The girl in the shop looked up at Tom and was just shaking her head. Something inside of Tom was touched by the boy's voice. He wanted to get those roses so badly. Tom had been blessed in his business, and he looked at the girl and silently said that he would pay for the boy's roses.

The girl looked at the young man and said, "OK, I will give you a dozen red roses for your dollars. " The young boy almost jumped into the air. He took the flowers and ran down the store. It was worth more than fifty dollars just to see that kind of excitement.

Tom ordered his own flowers and asked the girl to have it delivered to his mother. After that, with a relief he drove down the road. Not long after his driving, he saw the boy walking to a hospital nearby. 

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Tom stopped his car and followed the young boy. 

Tom went into the car with a deep sense of shame. 

注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Peter, 

Yours

Li Hua

Acupuncture（针灸）, a traditional Chinese medical practice, （be） the remedy for （count） patients since ancient times. Before modern medicine came to life, ancient Chinese used stone tools to relieve pain. Over time, this primitive practice gradually evolved a comprehensive and profound medical system and shaped the root of acupuncture. 

（aim） at promoting the body's self-regulating functions, acupuncture emphasizes all-inclusive treatment, balance of bodily functions and overall physiological well-being, therapeutic principles are in line with the philosophical concepts of traditional Chinese medicine.

Practices can vary in forms, including needle insertion, cupping and scraping. Needle insertion, most common method, （carry） out by inserting hair-thin needles into meridians, with specific points on the body that channel vital energy （the qi）. Practitioners lift, twirl and rotate needles to unblock the flow of energy and stimulate the body's innate potential to heal （it）.

Looking beyond China, acupuncture has become a global therapy. According to a 2019 WHO report, acupuncture is used in 113 of its 120 member countries, （illustrate） its widespread recognition and application. 

With a rich history and deep cultural significance, acupuncture has seen many （advance） in scientific research and modern medicine, which is now an embodiment of profound cultural heritage and a historic path to healing. 

Jacky Hunt-Broersma, a native of South Africa, set her goal in mid-January. And since then she has been running 26. 2 miles every day, about the 1  of a marathon. On Saturday, she completed her 104th marathon—a（an） 2  she expects to be confirmed by Guinness World Records. If so, she would then 3  a world record for 104 back-to-back（持续的） marathon runs, two more than her previous 4 . 

Hunt-Broersma 5 half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001. "The biggest 6 was accepting that part of my body was gone, " she said. "Until five years ago, I was not very 7 . But after 8 running, I decided to give it a try. " Currently, she keeps running on a false 9 made out of carbon fiber. The carbon fiber blade （刀锋） she uses, designed specifically for 10 , costs about $10, 000.

But Hunt-Broersma says her 11 has been well worthwhile. "Running really 12 my life, " she said. "It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of 13 my body further just to see what I could do. "

Hunt-Broersma is hoping to 14 a single thought in others——"You're 15 than you think and you're capable of so much more. "

When faced with the decision to get out of bed or have a few more minutes of sleep, which do you choose? 

A sleep researcher Till Roen, has recently conducted a study.  And while there are no official numbers on snoozing （打盹）, a quick survey of social media makes it clear that hitting the snooze button is popular. 

As to how the snooze button will affect your day, scientists have mixed opinions. Some scientists think people who hit the snooze button in the mornings are actually clever, creative and happy. "I feel that hitting the snooze button has got to be one of the worst things that ever happened to human sleep, " researcher Jonath an Horowitz said. "The chances of you ‘snoozing' and actually experiencing a meaningful rest are close to zero. "

According to some sleep experts, you simply hit the snooze button. And that will throw yourself into a deep state of being sleepy. The body needs some time to wake up. Therefore, when returning to what will be a light sleep for a brief period of time, you are putting your body back into a sleep mode before waking it again. At that point your body won't know what it wants, resulting in a sort of half awaken state.

 The key is to form a healthy sleep cycle. Focus your efforts on getting enough sleep each night and waking up at the same time each day so that when your alarm goes off you feel rested. 

A. But some said that hitting the snooze button will ruin your day. 

B. Believe it or not, that decision could make a difference in the rest of your day. 

C. How can you really take advantage of an alarm clock?

D. It's significant to make use of willpower to struggle off bed.

E. About 85 percent of Americans use an alarm clock to wake up. 

F. Hopefully, the following ways will help you keep refreshed in the morning. 

G. In fact you are confusing your body and mind. 

In 2020, OpenAI, a research lab in San Francisco, revealed a system called GPT-3. It is what artificial intelligence researchers call a neural network, after the web of neurons in the human brain. A neural network is really a mathematical system that learns skills by locating patterns in vast amounts of digital data. By analyzing thousands of cat photos, for instance, it can learn to recognize a cat. "We call it ‘artificial intelligence, ' but a better name might be ‘finding statistical patterns from large data sets', " said Dr. Gopnik, the Berkeley professor.

More recently, researchers at places like Google and OpenAI began building neural networks that learned from enormous amounts of prose, including digital books and Wikipedia articles by the thousands. GPT-3 is an example. As it analyzed all that digital text, it built what you might call a mathematical map of human language — more than 175 billion data points that describe how we piece words together. Using this map, it can perform many different tasks, like penning speeches, writing computer programs and having a conversation. 

But there are limitations. If you ask GPT-3 for 10 speeches in the voice of Mark Twain, it might give you five that sound remarkably like the famous writer—and five others that come nowhere close. Computer programmers use the technology to create small snippets（一小段） of code they can slip into larger programs, but more often than not they have to edit and adjust whatever it gives them. 

Still, Dr. Gopnik described this kind of system as intelligent. "It is not intelligent in the way humans are. It is like an unfamiliar form of intelligence, " he said. "But it still counts. "

Dr. Gopnik and many others in the field are confident that they are on a path to building a machine that can do anything the human brain can do. This confidence shines through when they discuss current technologies. He admits that some A. I. researchers "struggle to differentiate between reality and science fiction. " But he believes these researchers still serve a valuable role. "They help us dream of the full range of the possible, " he said.

Perhaps they do. But for the rest of us, these dreams can get in the way of the issues that deserve our attention. 

These days, it's not unusual to see middle-aged men collecting Star Wars action figures, office workers wearing Hello Kitty accessories, or celebrities like David Beckham playing with Lego bricks. It's becoming more and more common to see adults taking an interest in toys, comic books and the activities that are traditionally associated with children. This phenomenon has given rise to a new word: kidult.

What lies behind the phenomenon? One is about adults' nostalgia（怀旧之情） for the carefree days of childhood, and this is especially true with today's fast-paced, stressful lifestyles. Another is about a societal change in recent decades where people are starting families later. As a result, they have more time and money to spend on themselves. Some adults could only window-shop for their dream toys when they were kids, but now they can afford that radio-controlled car or high-priced doll they have always wanted.

Businesses have been quick to exploit the kidult trend, and the number of toy stores that target adults has risen. Companies are repackaging products from past decades and also bringing out new ones for adults. Lego, for example, has brought out an architectural series featuring landmarks from around the world. 

Society traditionally disapproves of adults who refuse to put aside childhood interests, viewing the refusal as a sign of social immaturity and irresponsibility. Those who agree with this view sometimes claim that kidults are suffering from the pop-psychology concept known as Peter Pan Syndrome, an anomaly（异常） that people remain emotionally at the level of teenagers. On a grander scale, these kidult opponents argue that such delayed adulthood causes couples to marry later and have fewer children. This in turn can lead to shrinking national economies, for there needs to be a generational replenishment of the workforce. 

From the standpoint of kidults, though, this phenomenon is seen as nothing but harmless fun. Kidults insist that having youthful interests keeps them young, happy and creative, and their refusal to conform to society's acceptable tastes shows independent thinking. Besides, they argue that being part of the social trend of delayed adulthood is not purely a personal choice. The real causes include expensive housing, increased educational requirements for employment and poor work opportunities.

Whether the kidult phenomenon will continue to grow or prove to be a passing trend is anyone's guess. As the debate about it continues, remember that there is nothing wrong with being young at heart.