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In the time before air-conditioning, southern China's sky wells played a key role in keeping people's homes cool. Could they do it again today?

A skywell, or "tian jing", is atypical characteristic of traditional homes in southern and eastern China. Different from a northern Chinese courtyard, or "yuan zi", a skywell is smaller and less open to the outdoor environment. Its size and design differ from place to place.

Skywells were designed to cool buildings at a time well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often cooler than indoor air, the incoming wind travels down the walls to the lower stories and create airflows by replacing warmer indoor air, which rises and leaves through the opening.

Although skywell buildings have existed in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they have often been forgotten by people who prefer modern buildings. Over the past two decades, however, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.

Yu Youhong, 55, has spent more than 30 years restoring(修复) skywell homes in Wuyuan county of Jiangxi province, apart of the old Huizhou. One of the skywell homes restored by Yu is in the village of Yan, in Wuyuan county. The deserted 300-year-old house was bought by Edward Gawne, a former marketing director from the UK, and his Chinese wife, Liao Minx in, in 2015. The couple turned the three-storey house into a 14-room hotel with the help of Yu. They kept the spaces surrounding the sky wells in their original state: open and with natural airflow. Gawne says that even without air conditioning the skywell areas are very comfortable in summer.

Yu says he expects sky wells to be more and more popular among younger generations especially as sustainability(可持续性) becomes an important element for new buildings.

I finally climbed into bed at 1: 20 in the morning. My friends had helped me celebrate my 31st birthday in the basement apartment， where I lived.

Earlier in the day I had prepared for the unlikely event of a flood. We are about a third of a mile from the banks of the Ahr River. It had been raining buckets that week and the government had sent out a flood warning, though not for where I was. Still, I'd placed sandbags on the floor outside my garden door and put electronics on tables. "Silly bro!" My friends laughed at me for doing that, but I thought, why take a chance?

As I drifted off to sleep, I was awakened by the sound of rushing water, as if I were lying beside a waterfall. When I got off the bed, I was shocked that cold water was rising fast. In darkness, I grabbed my cellphone and turned on the flashlight. When I stepped out of the bedroom, I saw water shooting through the gaps of the door.

I began to panic. I knew I had to get out—fast! In bare feet, I started to make my way to the only escape: the door that led upstairs to the main floor. Finally I made it to the door and tried several times to-pull it open even just a little bit, but the rushing water shut it again. I looked around for anything I could use to keep it open. There in the corner was a coat rack(架子). I took it and, once again, opened the door, throwing the coat rack between the door and the frame(门框) to keep the door from shutting. Finally, I managed to make a gap just wide enough to squeeze(挤) through and make it into the hallway.

I leaped on to the stairs and ran outside. I stood there in the darkness, wet through. What was once a lovely street was now a waterscape, with floating ruins instead of people and cars. The river had drowned(淹没) the neighborhood!

These days, tourism is back in full swing. An increasing number of people prefer to take a break from big city life and start exploring those harder-to-reach towns.

Paraty, Brazil

Paray is a bays de town halfway between Rio and Sao Paulo. Here, life moves at the pace of a horse-and-cart moving across the road (no cars allowed in the historic Old Town). The boats in the harbor are not just there to look good. Pick your favorite and set sail for a deserted island beach nearby.

Avignon, France

One of the most recognizable historic towns is found in the south-eastern part of France. The Palace of the Popes here defines the city and is the city and is visible from a far. It once housed Europe's largest library, and became a hotbed for thinkers, philosophers, composers, and musicians. Now it is protected by UNESCO as a world heritage site. Four million tourists visit Avignon every year to explore the ancient architecture.

Sakrisoy and Reine, Norway

This pair of tiny finishing villages sit far, far north. Admittedly, they are a bit of pain to reach: The long (but beautiful!) journey there will require some combination of one or two fights, a bus or a boat. If you can make it that far, though, you'll be rewarded with some of the most impressive scenery on Earth. Look out across the mountains from the hike or enjoy the Northern Lights.

Old San Juan, US

The oldest settlement in the country was founded in the early 16th century. Today everything here is colorful: the houses differ in color and style and even the pavements are made of the blue bricks, making it a very attractive and amusing place.

Joyce is in the fourth grade and he joined the noisy children of his class as usual. "Children! Silence!" Mangat Madam suddenly entered the class. She announced next week would be math week. "I'd like each of you to work on a project. You could do it individually or in a group." she instructed. "The topic for the project needs approving tomorrow and it has to be displayed at the math week exhibition. The best project will be awarded and there is also a surprise gift from my side," she added.

Joyce, who is extremely good at math, sat in the corner seat of the first bench with Karan, an average. Karan asked Joyce if they could work on the math project together. Joyce replied in a prideful tone, "Ha-ha you want to join me. I think I will do the project on my own." Joyce wanted to get awarded and the surprise gift all for himself from Mangat Madam.

After deep consideration, Joyce decided to work on a math magic quiz on the circuit board（电路板）. The next day in school, Mangat Madam arrived in the classroom and all the children submitted their topics for math exhibition. They all chose to work in a group except Joyce. In the following days, Joyce gathered all the materials for the project such as wires, bulbs (灯泡), a switch and a thin plywood board (胶合板). He worked out a few mathematical basic operations to be fixed on the board so that when the wire of the circuit touched the right answer, the bulb glowed（发光）. Joyce completed the project and was happy with the result. 

The evening before the exhibition, while packing his school bags, Joyce again checked the project to see if it was working fine. Alas! All the lights that were to glow did not seem to light at all. Without finding the reason, Joyce was tensed. However, he decided to take the same project to the school as he couldn't change the topic at the last minute. Then came the next day, and everybody was fascinated in the exhibition.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

It was Joyce's turn to display his project. 

……

Finally, the teacher announced Karan's team was the winner. 

食文化"，请你用英语为本次活动写一则宣传稿，内容包括：1. 活动内容； 2. 活动意义； 3. 欢迎参与。

注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Yuan Longping, known as "the father of hybrid rice", was one of China's most famous scientists. In his life,concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious(short) of food to eat. To tackle this crisis, he(choose)to study agriculture, received an education at Southwest Agriculture and worked as a researcher after graduation. Having overcome enormous difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice in the world that could be used for farming in 1974, (make) it possible to expand farmers' output greatly.

Today, is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops(generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China's farmers(produce)around 200 million tons of rice per year. Besides, his vision for "sea water rice" has also become a reality,(potential) enabling rice production in China's salty land.

In his lifelong devotion to agriculture, Yuan Longping was always driven by his passion to better feed China and the world. Thankshis outstanding contributions, Yuan was awarded the Medal of the Republic,highest honor in China.

It's a sad reality that many of us find ourselves just too busy to contribute to our communities. For a long time, I, too, believed it cost too much in time, money and 1 to make a real difference. But all that changed when I 2 my good-deed-a-day project.

My daughter, Emily, was my primary 3 . I wanted to show her we could do little things to help others, and be happy.

The first week, I wasn't sure if I could 4 it. I surfed the Internet for ideas. One day, I 5 a blind man in the subway station. He smiled as he thanked me. Another day, I brought flowers from my garden to a local nursing home... I could only hope I was arousing 6 in others.

Luckily, after just a few days I found it easier than I'd expected. I knew I was making a 7 .

Every evening at the dinner table, I 8 that day's good deed to Emily. Emily began copying what I'd started. On a walk home from school, she marched over to a neighbor's pot of geraniums(天竺葵), which had toppled(摇晃) in the wind, and set it 9 . "That was my good deed for the day!" she yelled. Another day, she helped me collect 10 from our neighbors for the food bank. We dropped off the food and,11 we drove away, Emily announced 12 that she wanted to work there one day.

By the last week, I knew I'd changed. At first, I hadn't been entirely13 that I could do a good deed every day. Now it was practically second 14 . I felt a greater responsibility to take action when I saw a need, 15 looking the other way. I felt as though I'd awakened, somehow.

As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific lifestyle choices.But others may not have crossed your mind. "A small change in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run," says preventive cardiologist Dr. Beth Abramson.

●Get eight hours of sleep.

"When you're not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more stressful," says Dr. Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of Alberta. If we're sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels.

●

Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress. Research published in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke. "We know that loneliness is a risk factor for heart health," adds Sharma. "Volunteering gets you out of the house and creates a social network."

●Avoid polluted air.

Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease. Inhaling contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur (硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen oxides may irritate arteries (动脉) and increase inflammation.Try to get your outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more time indoors when the air quality index is poor.

●Eat breakfast.

A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that healthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have heart disease six years later than those who partook in a substantial morning meal. According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy lifestyle.If you're eating a proper breakfast, you're less likely to be hungry later and make poor food choices.

A．Be social and outgoing.

B．Engage in voluntary work.

C．There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.

D．Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.

E．These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular (心血管的) health.

F．Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.

G．Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.

Many green plants that are used to decorate living rooms and kitchens are marketed as air-purifying. However, scientists largely agree that plants can't do very much to clean an entire room. Now, a Parisian company known as Neoplants is trying to change that by growing genetically modified(转基因的) plants that help remove harmful chemicals from the air.

Its first product, called the Neo P1, is a bioengineered version of the pothos (绿萝). Pothos is characterized by its green leaves and is relatively easy to care for. The Neo P1 is meant to capture and recycle dangerous air pollutants commonly found in homes called volatile organic compounds (挥发性有机化合物VOCs), which are often human-made chemicals. So it's a popular choice for people looking to beautify their living spaces. But the Neo P1 starts at $179, and to purchase one, potential shoppers must first join a waitlist.

The idea of air-purifying plants came from a 1989 study by NASA,in which regular houseplants were tested in two-by-two-foot rooms. When scientists filled these rooms with VOCs, they found the plants could absorb some of the harmful compounds. "Actually, it'd take about ten houseplants per square foot to noticeably improve air quality," Michael Waring, an environmental engineer at Drexel University who wasn't involved with Neoplants, reported in a 2019 study. "Plants, though they do remove VOCs, remove them at such a slow rate that they can't compete with the air exchange mechanisms already happening in buildings," Waring said.

As for Neoplants, its Neo Pl was tested in a 35-liter glass room. In it, the Neo P1's results were 30 times better than NASA's, according to the company—which means it'd still take a large number of them to clean a room. Currently, the company's engineers are designing testing sites that more accurately resemble（与...相似）living spaces. To Neoplants' executives, cleaning the air inside a home is a more logical starting point than trying to filter（过滤）the entire atmosphere.

As climate change causes ocean temperatures to rise, one of Greenland's previously most stable glaciers is now reducing at an unheard-of rate, according to a new study.

The study was led by researchers at The Ohio State University. The team found the truth. Between 2018 and 2021, Steenstrup Glacier in Greenland reduced about 5 miles, thinned by about 20% and doubled in the amount of ice that went into the ocean. According to the study, such a rapid change is so extraordinary among Greenland's ice formations that it now places Steenstrup Glacier in the top 10% of glaciers that contribute to the entire region's total ice discharge.

Steenstrup Glacier is part of the Greenland Ice Sheet, a body of ice that covers nearly 80% of the world's largest island, which is also the single largest contributor to the global sea rise from the cryosphere（冰冻圈），the portion of Earth's ecosystem that includes all of its frozen water. While the region plays a crucial part in balancing the global climate system, the area is steadily reducing as it loses hundreds of billions of tons of ice each year because of global warming.

As far as scientists knew, Steenstrup Glacier had been stable for decades. It was hardly influenced by the rising temperatures that had influenced so many other regional glaciers, likely because of its special position in shallow water. It wasn't until Thomas Chudley, lead author of the study, and his colleagues collected observational and modeling data from previous remote sensing analyses on the glacier that the team realized Steenstrup Glacier was likely experiencing melting due to anomalies（反常现象）in deeper Atlantic water.

According to Chudley, the current situation in Greenland serves as an early warning sign for possible future events in West Antarctica within the next few centuries. He also expressed the importance of conducting direct observations in the fjord(峡湾) to understand the reasons behind the changes observed in Steenstrup Glacier.