相关试卷
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1、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Compared to robots, human bodies are flexible, capable of fine movements, and can change energy efficiently into movement. Drawing inspiration from human gait (步态), researchers from Japan crafted a two-legged biohybrid robot by combining muscle tissues and artificial materials. This method allows the robot to walk and pivot(绕……旋转).
"Research on biohybrid robots, which are a mix of biology and mechanics, is recently attracting attention as a new field of robotics featuring biological function," says corresponding author Shoji Takeuchi of the University of Tokyo, Japan. "Using muscles as actuators(致动器)allows us to build a compact robot and achieve efficient, silent movements with a soft touch."
The research team's two-legged robot, an innovative bipedal(二足的)design, builds on the legacy of biohybrid robots that take advantage of muscles. Muscle tissues have driven biohybrid robots to crawl and swim straight forward and make turns—but not sharp ones. Yet, being able to pivot and make sharp turns is an essential feature for robots to avoid obstacles.
To build a nimbler robot with fine and delicate movements, the researchers designed a biohybrid robot that copies human gait and operates in water. By alternating the electric stimulation between the left and right leg every 5 seconds, the biohybrid robot successfully "walked" at the speed of 5.4m m/min(0.002 mph). To turn, researchers repeatedly zapped the right leg every 5 seconds while the left leg served as an anchor.
The robot made a 90-degree left turn in 62 seconds. The findings showed that the muscle-driven bipedal robot can walk, stop, and make fine-tuned turning motions.
"Currently, we are manually moving a pair of electrodes to apply an electric field individually to the legs, which takes time," says Takeuchi. "In the future, by integrating the electrodes into the robot, we expect to increase the speed more efficiently.
The team also plans to give joints and thicker muscle tissues to the bipedal robot to enable more complicated and powerful movements.
(1)、What is the weakness of a robot?A、Awkward to move. B、Complex to operate. C、Tough to control. D、Easy to lose energy.(2)、What does the underlined word "nimbler" in paragraph 4 mean?A、More stylish. B、More flexible. C、More intelligent. D、More suitable.(3)、What will the team do next?A、Add more power to the bipedal robot. B、Expand the use of the bipedal robot. C、Better the bipedal robot's movements. D、Apply an electric field to the bipedal robot.(4)、What is a suitable title for the text?A、Biohybrid robots are a mix of biology and mechanics B、Human bodies are flexible, capable of fine movements C、Making sharp turns is essential for robots to avoid obstacles D、Scientists designed a two-legged robot powered by muscle tissues -
2、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Great whites, the largest predatory(捕食性的)sharks in the world with the most fatal attacks on humans, are tough to imagine as newborn babies. That is partially because no one has seen one in the wild, it seems, until now.
Wildlife filmmaker Carlos Gauna and UC Riverside biology doctoral student Phillip Sternes were scanning the waters for sharks on July 9, 2023, near Santa Barbara on California's central coast. That day, something exciting appeared on the viewfinder of Gauna's drone camera. It was a shark pup(幼崽)unlike any they'd ever seen.
"We enlarged the images, put them in slow motion, and realized the white layer was being shed(脱落)from the body as it was swimming," Sternes said. "I believe it was a newborn white shark shedding its embryonic layer."
These observations are documented in a new paper in the Environmental Biology of Fishes journal. What Gauna and Sternes observed could help solve the longstanding mystery of great white birthing habits. This may well be the first evidence we have of a pup in the wild. Great whites, referred to only as white sharks by scientists, are gray on the top and white on the bottom. But this roughly 5-foot-long shark was pure white.
Though the paper authors acknowledge it is possible that the white layer the shark shed could have been a skin condition, the two believe what they saw was in fact a newborn great white. First, great white females give birth to live pups. A second reason is the presence of large, likely pregnant great whites in this location. Finally, this location off the coast of central California has long been proposed as a birthing location for great whites. Many scholars believe great whites are born farther out at sea.
Great whites are listed as an international endangered species. "Further research is needed to confirm these waters are indeed a great white breeding ground. But if it does, we would want lawmakers to step in and protect these waters to help white sharks keep thriving," Sternes said.
(1)、What do we know about what appeared on Carlo s Gauna's camera?A、It is rare in the world. B、It is tough to identify. C、It is not open to the public. D、It is unbelievable to scientists.(2)、What does the white shark pup look like?A、Pure gray. B、White only on the bottom. C、Gray on the top. D、Pure white.(3)、What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A、How great white females give birth to pups. B、How the authors prove they saw a baby shark. C、Why the authors believe they saw a newborn shark pup. D、Why the authors think the white layer is a skin condition.(4)、What does Sternes hope for if their assumption is confirmed?A、Helping white sharks to stop breeding. B、Using laws to protect shark pups and their habitats. C、Listing white sharks as endangered species. D、Further study to confirm white sharks breeding waters. -
3、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The morning commute(通勤)is never fun, but if you pass through Stevenage on your way to work, your morning might be a little brighter thanks to Nala the cat.
Dragging yourself out of bed in the morning and off to work is hard, especially on dark winter mornings. You might be a little more inclined to head out of the house with a spring in your step if your commute started at Stevenage Station, where you'd be greeted by a ginger cat called Nala.
Usually found sitting on a ticket gate, four-year-old Nala lives close to the station with her owner Natasha Ambler, and often heads to station at rush hour to enjoy attention from commuters. Ambler created a social media page called The Adventures of Nala where hundreds of people have shared photos of the adventurous cat.
Recent photos include Nala waiting in line for her "cat-purr-ccino" at Costa, snoozing(打盹)on newspaper stands and posing with commuters at the station barriers.
Nala wears a GPS tracking device so that her travels can be traced, and is usually found at the railway station or the next door leisure park. As well as the usual collar with her name and owner's contact information, Nala wears a tag to let people know that she's not lost.
Ambler reported that she's not worried about Nala in the slightest: She's obviously well-loved and she's very happy doing what she does—I just hope one day she doesn't actually try to get on a train.
Nala brings a ray of joy to Stevenage commuters with her playful antics. Her presence not only brightens mornings but also fosters a sense of community, as evidenced by the shared photos and interactions on social media. Her owner's care and Nala's adventurous spirit ensure that she's a beloved and safe addition to the station environment.
(1)、What is morning commute usually like?A、Anything but fun. B、A little bit common. C、Kind of pleasant. D、Somewhat interesting.(2)、What makes it possible for Nala to turn up regularly at Stevenage Station?A、Her owner's love for her. B、Her desire to entertain commuters. C、The short distance from the station. D、Her preference for the ticket gate.(3)、How does Ambler keep track of Nala?A、By following Nala all the way. B、By using a positioning device. C、By attaching a tag to Nala's neck. D、By posting her contact information on line.(4)、What is Ambler's attitude towards Nala's action?A、Concerned. B、Contradictory. C、Opposed. D、Relieved. -
4、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It's time to put your worries aside and pack your bags for some of the top most relaxing places for holidays for 2024.
Kos
Relaxing holidays in Kos are all about blending soft sand beaches, sparkling water, lush green interiors, and history hunting. The coast is perfect for long leisurely walks on the beach, sunbathing in the Greek sunshine, and wallowing in the warm water. History buffs are in for a treat with some of the best historic architecture in Greece. Kos is home to abundant Roman ruins and a 15th-century castle that is ideal for an afternoon of exploring.
Lanzarote
The vast untouched landscape has made Lanzarote one of the most popular holiday destinations because it is truly somewhere you can relax in peace, with nothing but soft sandy beaches and the ideal water for first-time ocean swimmers. Family holidays to Lanzarote are as accommodating as parents could wish for, offering a host of fantastic family-friendly fun for all ages.
Corfu
As the greenest of the Greek islands, you're in for a treat with over two million olive trees, rolling green hills, and pine forests that blanket the island in emerald beauty. Finding the perfect mix of history hunting, nature exploration, and relaxation is all within reach on a luxury Corfu holiday. The old towns, harbours, and traditional hostels will have you relax and enjoy the best of the Greek islands in no time.
Rovinj
For a cultural holiday filled with exquisite architecture, national parks with untouched natural wonders, and long stretches of coastline, look no further than holidays in Rovinj. Located in the north of Croatia, Rovinj offers some of the best opportunities to explore the unique and moving culture. The town is home to narrow cobbled streets overlooking the ocean, with shops, galleries, and restaurants dotted throughout, bringing you the best of Croatia.
(1)、What can visitors do at Kos?A、Visit art galleries. B、Enjoy family-friendly fun. C、Walk in national parks. D、Admire historic architecture.(2)、Which of the following is most suitable for parents with children?A、Kos. B、Lanzarote. C、Corfu. D、Rovinj.(3)、What do the four destinations have in common?A、They all have sea view. B、They all have old castles. C、They all belong to the same country. D、They all have untouched landscape. -
5、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、How long is the lecture about ants?A、30 minutes. B、45 minutes. C、60 minutes.(2)、Where is the documentary The Secret Life of Birds on show?A、In TheaterA. B、In TheaterB. C、In TheaterC.(3)、What will the listeners do at 2: 30 p. m.?A、Visit the Insect House. B、Gather in the Exhibition Room. C、See a film.(4)、Who will host the event Encouraging Garden Wildlife?A、David Crocker. B、Monica Chaddha. C、The speaker.
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6、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、How does the man get to the woman's house?A、By taxi. B、By bus. C、On foot.(2)、What is the woman having trouble with?A、Singing songs. B、Sleeping at night. C、Learning Chinese.(3)、How does the woman feel about the man's suggestion?A、She is willing to give it a try. B、She thinks it's a waste of time. C、She thinks it is useless.(4)、What did the man do yesterday?A、He downloaded a song. B、He discovered a new website. C、He used his phone for directions.
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7、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、Why does the man ask the girl to go to bed?A、She will take a test tomorrow. B、They will have a holiday tomorrow. C、She will have classes tomorrow morning.(2)、Which subject does the girl need to improve?A、Math. B、English. C、History.(3)、What will the girl do next?A、Go to sleep. B、Get her textbook. C、Play video games.
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8、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、What kind of food will the speakers have this week?A、Japanese food. B、Chinese food. C、Thai food.(2)、When will the speakers get together?A、On Friday. B、On Thursday. C、On Wednesday.
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9、 听材料,回答问题。(1)、Why was the man bored all day?A、He had no customers. B、The customers were boring. C、There were too many customers.(2)、How would the man spend the evening?A、By seeing an exciting film. B、By staying at home to relax. C、By serving the customers.
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10、 What does the man want to have?A、Chicken. B、Soup. C、Tea.
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11、 Who will probably look after the baby today?A、The man. B、Lucy. C、The woman.
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12、 What time is the man's appointment?A、2:15 p. m. B、2:30 p. m. C、2:45 p. m.
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13、 What is the woman doing?A、Trying on dresses. B、Paying for a dress. C、Returning a dress.
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14、 What does the man mean?A、He is a poor dancer. B、He accepts the invitation. C、He doesn't like dancing.
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15、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Steve, a twelve-year-old boy with alcoholic parents, was about to be lost forever, by the U. S. education system. Remarkably, he could read; yet, in spite of his reading skills, Steve had been failing since first grade. Sadly, no one noticed him until Miss White, a smiling, young, beautiful redhead.
Steve was immediately attracted by Miss White at the first sight! Yet still he failed. He never did his homework, and he was always in trouble with Miss White. In the middle of the first semester, the entire seventh grade was tested for basic skills. Steve hurried through his tests, and continued to dream of other things. His heart was not in school, but in the woods, where he often escaped alone, trying to shut out the sights, sounds and smells of his alcoholic home. No one checked on him to see if he was safe. No one knew he was gone, because no one cared about him. Oddly, Steve never missed a day of school.
One day, Miss White's impatient voice broke into his daydreams. "Steve!" Alarmed, he turned to look at her. "Pay attention!"
"You all did pretty well," she told the class, "except for one boy, and it breaks my heart to tell you this, but…" She hesitated, pinning Steve to his seat with a sharp stare, her eyes searching his face. "…. The smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class!"
She just stared at Steve, as the class spun around for a good look. Steve dropped his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.
After that, Steve still wouldn't do his homework. Even as the punishments became more severe, he remained stubborn.
"Just try it! ONE WEEK!" He was unmoved.
"Give yourself a chance! Don't give up on your life!" Nothing swayed him. "Steve! Please! I care about you!"
Wow! Suddenly, Steve got if!!! Someone cared about him? Someone, CARED ABOUT HIM!
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Steve went home from school, thoughtful, that afternoon.
The following Monday, Miss White gave a quiz on the weekend homework as usual.
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16、假定你是李华,上周你校举办了一年一度的文化展览,请你用英文向校报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.时间、地点;2.主题及活动内容;3.反响。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
An Annual Cultural Exhibition
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17、 There is some doubt whether we can complete the task the deadline.
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18、 The reason why the poet (write) this poem was to amuse people.
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19、 Many of us might not give second thought to dropping a small piece of litter.
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20、 It is of great (important) for children to from healthy lifestyle.