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Not all famous national parks are on land. Some national parks are marine parks. One good example of this is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia. (stretch) over 2,300 kilometers, the Great Barrier Reef is considered one of the natural wonders of the world. It is the largest structure in the world made by living creatures. A wide variety of tropical wildlife also (make) the reef its home.

Since the Great Barrier Reef is just below the surface of the water, it is an excellent place (see) nature, and millions of people travel there every year. The park was created in 1975 to protect the reef overdevelopment and fishing.

Unfortunately, the (big) danger to the Great Barrier Reef is something park (manage) cannot stop — global warming. Rising ocean temperatures are causing some coral to die the colourful reefs to turn grey. Hundreds of years ago, people could not imagine that there would ever be a time forests would be cut down, oceans would become(pollute), and wildlife would face extinction.

Facing the problems of environment pollution and overdevelopment, some national parks have been set aside to protect both natural features and wildlife. protection of natural areas has attracted much media attention, and now more and more people are supporting the idea of eco-friendly development.

—— Yes, but I think it's            than the one we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scope.

My father holds this1 responsible for his lifelong love of literature. As a busy labourer, he has regarded reading books as an almost sacred2 . He feels a strong, perhaps, irresistible3 to read frequently and a lot.

I don't think my father4 to hand the advice down to me. He's not the sort to give advice and I'm not the sort to5 it. But I find it's because the advice is delivered6 that it is most likely to be listened to.

I like this advice "reading first 50 pages", for the generosity and respect it extends to a book's7 and his or her craft. A reader, it suggests, needs a little8 to adapt to a book's particular tone and voice. Meanwhile, this advice gives a person permission to9 reading. Nobody, it implies, need force themselves to struggle through a book they're not10 .

I particularly like the11 advice to return to a book "when you feel ready for it." It's a12 that reading is naturally relational and that the readers need time.

Even when I'm more than ready to stop reading by page 50,13 the exercise feels worth doing. Just like stopping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache14 it uses them in a different way from cycling. But in both cases, it's a satisfying kind of hurt because it's a15 of getting stronger.

One significant recent achievement in the field of talking computers is virtual personal assistants(VPAs) on mobile phones. If you tell a mobile phone VPA that you want to schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appointment in your phone in seconds. The VPA can also hold a basic "conversation" and has earned fame for its elementary sense of humour. Still, the humour is preprogrammed and can be triggered only when human users speak certain key words.

While the potential for "real" communication between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this possibility concerns some people. Some experts worry about people's attachment to these machines and fear that the art of successful human-to-human conversation will be undeveloped in younger generations. They worry that people won't be able to display the right emotion or tone in conversations because they haven't been practising those skills. Others fear that machines will take over functions that were traditionally performed by humans, such as customer service. Another concern often associated with the development of new technology is the invasion of privacy (侵犯隐私). When people use certain speech-recognition applications, they leave behind an audio track of their speech. When you ask a VPA for directions, your speech is sent and saved to a remote server for processing. This digital trail may lead to data mining, or the collection of large quantities of personal data.

For now, however, the continuing evolution of speech-recognition software is worth expecting. Leading companies in the field hope to make human communication with machines as seamless as possible, just like communicating with another human.

Theory X assumes that the average person naturally dislikes work and will avoid it whenever possible. It also suggests that most people are easily influenced, not very intelligent, resist change, avoid responsibility, and prioritize personal security over organizational goals while being self-centred. Based on these, management is tasked with organizing all elements of a productive company. They must direct employees, motivate them through rewards and punishments, and tightly control their actions. This traditional approach often leads to autocratic (独断的) leadership within organizations. For instance, employees are closely supervised, and decisions are made from the top-down with little input from the workforce.

McGregor, noticing the shortcomings of Theory X, came up with Theory Y. This theory suggests that under favorable working conditions, work can be as natural as relaxation. People, when committed, can exercise self-control and self-direction. They are willing to take on responsibility and are brimming with imagination and creativity. Organizations that follow Theory Y typically feature decentralized authority, two-way communication systems, and participative leadership. In such workplaces, employees are given more autonomy, like being involved in decision-making processes that affect their work.

These two theories have been significant in crystallizing the findings of the Hawthrone Experiments. However, they have faced criticism. They tend to oversimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrongly assuming that the job itself is the sole key to motivation. Also, Theory Y can seem overly idealistic. In the real world, not every job can be made internally rewarding, and some level of external direction is often necessary. In the end, neither theory suits all situations. A combination of both, known as the contingency approach, is the most fitting for diverse organizational scenarios. This approach allows managers to adapt their motivational strategies based on the specific context, employee characteristics, and the nature of the tasks at hand.

Whether you' re travelling to the islands or the mountains of Thailand, you' re likely to spend at least one night in its capital city on the way. Bangkok might be noisy and polluted but it's also an exciting city with plenty of things to see and do. Why not make it a longer stay?

Where to stay

The Khao San Road was a famous traveller spot even before Leonardo DiCaprio's character in the film The Beach stayed there. But it's noisy, not very pretty and not very Thai. For something more authentic, Phra Kanong offers an alternative place to stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkok people eat, work and live. It's not as convenient for the main tourist sites, but it has a Skytrain station so you can be at the Grand Palace in 20 minutes.

How to get around

Bangkok's traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, you can easily take a taxi — if you want to spend hours stuck in traffic jams — but there are two much better ways to get around the city. To explore the temples and historical sites, catch an express boat river taxi or a long-tail boat along the Chao Phraya river and the canals. For the modern part of the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way to travel from the river to the shopping malls and nightlife of Sukhumvit, and the famous Chatuchak street market.

Where to eat

The simple answer is: everywhere! Thai street food is among the best in the world, and for around $5 you can eat a filling and delicious meal. Some food stands have little plastic seats where you can sit and eat and they cook the same dish over and over, like fried chicken on rice or Pad Thai noodles. Head for Chinatown — Yaowarat Street — and choose whatever looks most interesting from the many excellent Chinese and Thai restaurants and food stands.

What to do

After you've seen the main sites like the Giant Buddha at the temple of WatPho and the spectacular Grand Palace, and shopped at Chatuchak market, check out the snake farm and watch the live snake show. You can even touch a snake yourself if you want to!