相关试卷

That's how most people see innovation: A flash of brilliance and Eureka, a new world is born in an instant. The truth, however, is not that simple. It wasn't until 1943 that penicillin came into widespread use.

To put Fleming's discovery in context, consider Ignaz Semmelweis, who pioneered hand washing in maternity wards (产房), significantly reducing childbed fever but receiving criticism instead of fame. That was because in the 1850s, his ideas conflicted with the popular theory, which suggested that disease resulted from "bad airs". After his death in 1865, germ (病菌) theory was finally accepted, paving the way for Fleming's later work.

Fleming was a gifted biologist but a poor communicator. When he published his results in 1929, few took notice. In 1935, Howard Florey and Ernst Chain discovered Fleming's paper, understood its importance, and developed methods to produce penicillin in quantity. By 1943, with World War Ⅱ going on fiercely, the War Production Board asked 21 companies to mass-produce penicillin, saving countless lives and ushering in the new age of antibiotics. Fleming, Florey and Chain received the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 1945.

Penicillin owes much of its success to government support. For many other groundbreaking innovations like the Internet and GPS, their innovators, while carving their own path, are often uncertain of where the opportunity lies until they team up with other informed officials and big firms that might have the resources to turn their ideas into reality quickly. So, look at any significant innovation and the myth of the lone genius, and the "eureka moment" breaks down.

Even before she had these two successful "practices", Deborah was aware of the power of poetry. She noticed how it could bring people a positive change. This inspired her to become the "Emergency Poet" traveling the country in an ambulance to offer poetry prescriptions (处方). The 1950s ambulance, which was bought on eBay, carried 200 poems, each with advice like "take this poem with a cup of tea" or "listen to some birdsong".

After about a decade of mobile medicine, Deborah parked up her practice for a permanent location in Shropshire. This became the world's first poetry pharmacy, and — unlike the ambulance — it had central heating. From a cozy coffee corner to an inspiring physic garden, the pharmacy is described as "a peaceful place to rest and dream". "What happens in the shops is that people are often buying things for others. That act of giving and thinking about someone else is heartwarming." The pharmacy also provides a more personalized service. "We ask about people's reading habits, how they relax, rather than their problems. It should be a pleasure to answer these questions," Deborah says.

Despite never having done any online marketing, the poetry pharmacy has a dedicated following of creative souls, including Mark Constantine, CEO and co-founder of LUSH. We don't know what the future holds for the poetry pharmacy and its founder, but one thing is certain — the next chapter is bound to be a good one!

A Century in Circulation

This year's annual classics collection is particularly special, given it is the magazine's 100th anniversary year. Peeling back the covers of the thousands of editions, published in numerous countries, and dating back to the first issue in February 1922, is always a task we enjoy doing.

This collection offers a wide range of different subjects. Each one we hope will inform, delight, amuse and perhaps even confound our readers: from stepping inside the French artist Pierre-Auguste's inner circle of friends (Page 84), to finding peace from depression in a solitary walk on the beach (Page 92) and meeting a cat who held a family together as they began to fall apart (Page 20). My favorite article, Exploits of Charles (Page 100), is written by a mother about the increasingly odd behavior of a little boy in her young son's kindergarten class. I am sure you'll enjoy this amusing account of a small boy adjusting to his new classmates and teachers. With an endless supply of wonderful stories, surprising insights and experiences to share, Reader's Digest remains a place to find fresh perspectives and a great read.

Happy reading!

Louise Waterson Editor-in-Chief

Welcome to Contribute

Funny Stories and Jokes $ 50-$100

Send in your real-life laugh for Life's Like That or All in a Day's Work. Got a joke? Send it in for Laughter is the Best Medicine!

Smart Animals Up to $ 100

Share funny stories of unique pets or wildlife in up to 300 words.

My Story $300

Do you have an inspiring or life-changing tale to tell? Submissions must be true.

Health $ 200

Send your constructive tips in for World of Health.

There's an image of big cities as soulless places, where everyone appears to be looking out only for themselves. However, my own experiences tell a different story. During some of the most challenging times of my life, when I was struggling to find proper housing, I worked as an artist on the street. For years, I played my flute (长笛) there, and in doing so, I discovered the natural kindness of people. They showed compassion without expecting anything in return, driven purely by human goodwill.

This profound realization took hold when I was 21, living in Sydney. I worked at a local pub, feeling lost and directionless. Amid the chaos of my life, playing the flute was my only constant source of comfort. Looking back, my connection with the flute began when I was 16. Earning a mere $2.35 an hour at the supermarket, I saved for two long years to buy it. Every day after work, playing the flute became my way of processing the day's emotions.

One day, while working at the pub, someone asked me what I was doing that night. "I'm going to be playing the flute at —" I started to say, but then it struck me: I had forgotten to pick up my flute when I got off the train. Panic set in immediately. In a fit of frustration, I threw the plastic chair I was holding across the room.

I rushed to the train station, hoping someone had handed in my flute. No luck. Still, I left my number, clinging to the slim hope that it would turn up. Convinced that it was gone forever — after all, I hadn't even written my name on the case — I spent the next week drowning in self-blame, drinking heavily and feeling sorry for myself.

Then, out of the blue, I received a call from CityRail. They had my flute. I hurried to the lost property office at Central Station. And there it was, among all the other lost items.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

As I went to grab it, the guards there asked for my ID.

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Desperate and anxious, I said, "What if I play you a tune?"

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1. 推荐一处目的地;

2. 提出安全建议。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为80左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

Dear Alex,        

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Known as the "male embroiderer", Ji Qiyu is the seventh-generation inheritor of the Zhuang brocade (锦) technique. He has introduced innovations to the art form and has turned the village into  fascinating tourist destination.

Now, about five tourist groups visit the village every month. These (visitor) spend their time sightseeing, relaxing, and attending cultural workshops, immersing themselves in the charm of the rural  (mountain) village and the unique Zhuang ethnic culture.

Ji  (grow) up in a family of Zhuang brocade craftsmen. After graduation, Ji returned to his hometown  founded a Zhuang brocade cooperative. His technological advances lowered the barrier for others to learn the craft,  (offer) local women the opportunity to work from home and earn an income.

Ji's designs,  combine ethnic costumes and brocade elements, have gained market recognition for their uniqueness and craftsmanship. His innovative approach has not only attracted attention but also (significant) boosted local job opportunities and sales of agricultural products.

Thanks to Ji's efforts, Zhuang brocade, known for its vibrant colors and intricate patterns,  (preserve) for decades. With over a thousand years of history, the art form continues to be passed down from generation generation.

Not for the first time, Stewart was caught between concern and3. Wasn't it time, he asked, for me to consider using a wheelchair? Once again, I4 the suggestion.

I was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (类风湿性关节炎) in my 20s. Over the following years,   movement and mobility became more and more painful and challenging, but I was5 to stay on my feet — to still be a "walking person". But, slowly, walking unaided became impossible. The morning after my6, the truth of what Stewart had been saying7 me: trying to stay on my feet was disabling me further. My perspective8 and I admitted what felt, at the time, like defeat. At 46, I started using the wheelchair. Suddenly, having been9, here I was, a "disabled person", sitting at the height of most people's waists.

However, being more10 disabled has had other silver linings, too. People are kind. And, I often feel as if I am seeing the very best of human11.

Now, when I look at the wheelchair, I see the imprint of myself on it, how its shape has12 me, and mine to it, and I feel greater13: it is a part of me now.

Of course, I long to walk, but I am learning to live with my14. Using a wheelchair can be challenging, but it has also proved hugely15; together, it feels as if we are starting a whole new adventure.

Cleaning your house seems like a fairly self-explanatory task, but when you sit down to think about it,   you might realize that you have a lot of questions. We'll work it down into a process that seems simple enough to tackle.

Decide how clean you want your house to be and how much time you have. So, be honest with yourself about what you can do, how much time you have, and how motivated you're feeling.

You don't want to vacuum and then get crumbs all over the floor, or dust the bottom of something and knock more dust down when you work your way up onto the previously uncleaned areas. If you don't have much time, start with the mess first and work your way to more serious things from there.

Make a checklist and a plan of attack. Know which rooms you plan to start and finish your cleaning in. This will help speed up the process and ensure you are not repeating your efforts, especially if more than one person is involved in the cleaning. You can follow the steps in the cleaning part in order. Attempt to delegate tasks. If you live with other people, cleaning the house should not be exclusively your responsibility! You may have to take on leadership by setting up a rotational (轮流的) cleaning schedule, but it's far better than having to do this backbreaking work alone. For example, grade school children can pick up their bedroom floors, teenagers can clean the garage or bathroom, etc.

Once you get started, you won't want to stop until the whole house is spotless and organized.

A. For example, how do you clean a toilet?

B. Work from the top down, if at all possible.

C. Once you get started, make sure it is equal.

D. Make sure the tasks assigned are age-appropriate.

E. Should this really be something you do in everyday life?

F. This way, you'll have a checklist already written out for you.

G. This will help you decide how to set up your cleaning schedule.

"Until recently, we might consider the material left behind during the space race of the mid-20th century as relatively safe, "said Justin Holcomb, researcher at the Kansas Geological Survey. "However, the material record that currently exists on the moon is rapidly becoming at risk of being destroyed if proper attention isn't paid during the new space era."

Applying geoarchaeological tools and methods to the movement of people into space and the solar system is a natural extension of the study of human migration on Earth, the focus of the ODYSSEY Archaeological Research Program directed by Holcomb's co-author, Rolfe Mandel.

How planetary geoarchaeologists will determine whether an item is worth preserving is an open question. "We feel that all material currently existing on extraterrestrial (地球外的) surfaces is space heritage and worthy of protection, "Holcomb said. "However, some sites,   such as the very first footprints on the moon represent the material footprint of a long history of migration. "Beyond those"firsts", making decisions on a case-by-case basis will be necessary to sort through the tens of thousands of pieces of debris (残骸) now in orbit or dropped across the surfaces of the moon and Mars, which many people refer to as "trash" but Holcomb and his colleagues see as heritage.

Holcomb thinks geoarchaeologists ought to be a part of upcoming NASA missions to ensure the security and preservation of space history. As for being part of a space mission himself? "I'll leave that to other geoarchaeologists," Holcomb said. "There's plenty to do down here, but I do hope to see an archaeologist in space before it's all over."

Koch conducted her research using data from the Nijmegen longitudinal study. This study follows young people from infancy (婴儿期). First, the researchers looked at how frequently the teenagers had attended day care as babies. Then, the same youngsters were assigned the duty of playing a game when they reached the age of 17. In the game, they had to work with another person they couldn't see. Both players had the same goal:   find an object on a gameboard. Only the 17-year-old knew where the item was. The 17-year-olds had to communicate this location to each other without using words. They had to design communicative patterns that would assist the other person in locating the object. This could be accomplished, for example, by performing specific movements.

The 17-year-olds were informed they were playing with a 5-year-old in one game and an adult in another, despite the fact that it was the same individual each time. Initially, the 17- year-olds adjusted their communicative patterns when they thought they were interacting with the child by placing more emphasis on their movements. How quickly they abandoned this pattern depended on how much time they spent in day care. 17-year-olds who had come into contact with many different people as infants were more likely to get over a stereotype (刻板印象). They found out in the interaction that the "child" was also very good and then based their play on that.

According to the researcher this means that babies who have had more diverse social interactions can more easily let go of a stereotype later in life. They are more sensitive to social interaction and can more quickly let go of the image they have in their minds of their peers.   Koch says, "Gaining many diverse social experiences early in life allows us to adapt better to the needs of our partners in social interaction. "