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One of the world's oldest preserved human settlements has been significantly damaged by pouring rain in Pakistan as the country battles the worst floods in its history. 

Moenjodaro, a World Heritage site in the Indus River Valley 508 kilometers（316 miles） from Karachi, was built in the Bronze Age, some 5, 000 years ago. "Unfortunately we witnessed the mass destruction at the site," reads a letter from the Cultural, Tourism & Antiquities Department of Singh state sent to UNESCO and signed by director Thsan Ali Abbasi and architect Naveed Ahmed Sangah. The letter adds the site was being used as temporary accommodation for surrounding residents whose own homes had flooded.

Moenjodaro's significance can't be undercstimated. When it was added to UNESCO's register in 1980, the organization wrote that Moenjodaro "bears exceptional proof to the Indus civilization," comprising"the most ancient planned city on the Indian subcontinent".

The letter explains some of the immediate actions the site team has taken to mitigate the flood damage, like bringing in water pumps and repairing brickwork. But it's clear that these measures will not be enough. 

Abbasi and Sangah ended their letter by asking for 100 million Pakistani rupees（$45 million）to cover the costs of full repairs. UNESCO has responded to the request for help, allocating $350, 000 from its emergency fund for damaged historic sites in Pakistan during UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres's visit to the flood-stricken country this week. 

The funds will go to Moenjodaro and other sites including the Amri Museum. While the sum is far less than needed to fully repair the sites, it will pay for urgent work while UNESCO and local organization consider the best way forward. Sadly, the conservators of Moenjodaro have known for some time that flooding could bring a serious risk to the site. 

In their letter, Abbasi and Sangah express concern that Moenjodaro could be added to the list of UNESCO sites in danger, which the preservation body updates periodically to highlight historic places that are at severe risk of ruin. 

"Mom, I got into the University of Delaware!" I still remember how thrilled I was to be the first one in my family to have the opportunity to study abroad. I was so excited that I did a countdown every single day leading up to move-in day at the university. However, just a few weeks after I got there, I found it very difficult to adapt to a different country, culture, and a strict curriculum.

I knew studying in a foreign university was going to be hard, but the first exam still shocked me —I got a 58%, the lowest in my life. Worse still, since my day-to-day experiences and interests were so different from the American students', I was struggling to make friends. I felt like a complete loser and kept thinking maybe I should just give up. But then it occurred to me that I was not studying just for myself, but to live up to my family's expectations.

Having made up my mind to push myself forward, I came up with a plan to make improvements. The plan was not only about study, but also about my eating and leisure time. I also planned weekly goals on how to make friends, such as "you will talk to someone at the dining hall, and you will not be scared!" Looking back, I find it was definitely embarrassing to plan my days like this, but I did it and made it. I was able to interact with others without looking like an outsider and even made some friends. I even began to teach others about my country, Panama. I told them about typical cultural differences between Panama and the US. It was really exciting to see them eager to learn more about my country.

Now I am a senior, confident, strong and smart. My freshman-year self is extremely proud of how. far I have come. The coming graduation surely makes me sad, but I'm sure it's not the ending, but the beginning of the many more goals I will accomplish. 

Greece is a lovely country filled with beautiful islands that many may visit. From the calming Rhodes to the adventurous Crete, there is no shortage of options. Here are four islands you can't miss. 

Tinos

Tinos is famous for its marble crafts, basket-weavers and delicious food. The waters here draw surfers from all over the world, with one of the coolest spots named Kolibithra Bay, where a Camper Van（露营车）has been transformed into an incredible bar sitting in the sand. 

Astypalea

To find yourself in Astypalea, following the crowds will not work. The path less traveled is the way here, with the tourism-trade significantly lower here than many other Greek islands. This simply means the visitors can enjoy the farm-to-table meals, wild hiking tracks and ancient fishing villages. 

Folegandros

Once ashore at Folegandros, follow a straight line to the village square and begin your visit in a comfortable chair outside a local cafe. The beaches here are made more of stones than sand, so it's not the ideal destination for sunbathers. But the bars here are authentic and lively, the food second-to-none and the sunrise is worth staying up all night to witness. 

Milos

Home to perhaps the most dramatic coastline of Greek Islands, Milos boasts over 70 unexplored beaches that flow into crystal clear water. Not yet a huge tourist attraction, the island allows travelers to escape the crowds while still bathing in the glow of the wonderful landscapes. Visitors can try the hot springs to get deep relaxation and enjoy themselves in the tiny boathouses that serve delicious coffee all day long. 

"Wanted: Violin. Can't pay much. Call ..."

I rarely read classified advertisements. So why did I notice that? I laid the paper on my lap and closed my eyes, remembering what had happened many years before, when my family struggled to make a living on our farm. I, too, 

had wanted a violin, but we didn't have the money. 

When my arms grew long enough, how I wanted one! But I knew it was out of the question. It was not a good year. At harvest the crops did not bring as much as we had hoped. Yet even though times were hard, I couldn't wait

any longer to ask, "Daddy, may I have a violin of my own?" Daddy looked sad. That night, and many following nights, I heard him pray in our family devotions, " ...Mary wants her own violin."

One evening we all sat around the table. Daddy wrote a letter to his friend, Mr Finkle, a fine violinist. When Daddy received a letter from Columbus a few weeks later, he announced, "We'll be driving to Columbus."

The day finally arrived. After we got there Mr Finkle, a tall man older than Daddy, opened the door. "Come in!" he and Daddy heartily shook hands, both talking at once. He picked up a case, opened it, lifted out a violin and started to play. The melody surge like waterfalls. Oh, to play like him, I thought. "Carl, I found it in a pawn shop for seven dollars. It's a good violin. Mary should be able to make a beautiful music with it." Then he handed the

violin to me. 

I noticed the tears in Daddy's eyes as I finally comprehended. It was mine! I stroked the violin gently. The wood was a golden brown that seemed to warm in the light. "It's beautiful." I said, barely breathing. I knew Daddy's prayer and mine had been answered. Back home I practised daily, feeling no tiredness.

When I was ready to join the school orchestra（管弦乐队） , I trembled with excitement. Daddy and Mother smiled proudly in the audience at their little girl who held her cherished violin for the world to admire. The years seemed to run more swiftly then. I packed my violin in its case and stepped into the grown-up world. Nurse's training, marriage, working, bringing up four daughters filled my years. Yet none of my children cared about the violin. 

注意：1. 续写字数应为 80 词左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

I put my thoughts to the present and read again the advertisement. 

假定你是红星中学高二年级学生李华。你获悉三星堆博物馆（Sanxingdui Museum）正在招募寒假英文讲解志 愿者，向外国游客介绍古蜀文化（ancient Shu culture）。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1、说明写信原因；2、介绍自身优势；3、希望能被录用。

注意：1、词数 100 左右；2、开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。3、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir or Madam, 

Yours sincerely, 

Li Hua

In the 12th century, the Southern Song Dynasty moved its capital to Lin an. Near Lin'an, on the banks of Lake Tai is the city of Suzhou. Given its location near the capital and its  （nature） beauty, Suzhou became a preferred place  （live） . Thus, there were over 300 gardens  （build） here, and more than 60 are still in  （exist）. 

Among these gardens, the Humble Administrator 's Garden （Zhuozheng Yuan） is the largest and the most famous, and water pools take up  third of its area.  （surround） the water pools is a luxuriant （繁茂的） group of flowers, plants, and trees, all  （careful） chosen according to the way their seasonal colors reflect off the sparkling water below. As is typical of Suzhou gardens, this garden  （separate） into different sections, offering various kinds of spaces  diverse shapes and sizes that represent different moods and feelings. 

Since it is such a large garden, with caves, forests, islands, bridges, paths, and all sorts of pavilions and halls, no simple description of the garden will do.  you have to do is walk among the water and plants, enjoy every moment, and find your own treasures depending on your mood that day. 

When Eugenie George first heard that her friend passed a financial exam, her heart sank. She'd 1  the same test weeks earlier. 

"Envy was eating me up," recalls George. But anyway she 2 her friend. "And I told her I failed and admitted I was 3 ," she says. George knew that being 4 would ease her envy, but she was surprised that it also enabled her to 5 her friend's happiness and experience her own in turn.

Finding 6 in another person's good fortune is what social scientists call freudenfreude, the great joy we feel when someone else succeeds, 7 it doesn't directly involve us. Freudenfreude is like a kind of social 8 , says Catherine Chambliss, a professor of psychology. It makes relationships "closer and more enjoyable."

Too often, we think our friends 9  us most during their hard times: a job 10  , getting divorced. In fact, how friends 11  our joy is even more important for us than how they respond to our 12  . Too often, we think of joy passively. We see it as something that come to us, instead of something we can 13  . While it can be difficult in practice, freudenfreude can lift us up and 14  our day. So celebrating our friends' 15  is a win-win to us all. 

With climate change continuing to worsen, our situation is beginning to feel increasingly serious.  Is it right? Maybe not. 

Techno-optimism is one of the greatest misconceptions when it comes to solutions to ensure our future. It can be defined as a belief that future technologies will solve all of our current problems. This definition reinforces （强化） the idea that there's no reason to panic or change our current energy-intensive lifestyle. All society needs to do

is look to green technology to work its magic.  

One of the best examples of this optimistic misconception is the electric car. Despite being highly regarded as an eco-friendly way to get around, electric cars are not the end for the future of transport. Batteries in electric cars use chemical elements which we could be seeing a shortage of by the mid-century.  Techno-optimism has led many to believe that if everyone just switched to driving electric vehicles, we would be making incredible steps towards sustainability. However, the reality is that the amount of resources and energy needed to produce

enough electric vehicles for everyone is not even remotely sustainable. 

  Investing in public transportation and moving away from individually owned vehicles. Producing fewer cars. Improving recycling practices of old batteries. The solutions we seek should not be rooted in new technology, but be about changing the way our society functions. 

Techno-optimism puts too much emphasis on technology and not enough on what we can do right this minute. Unfortunately, people seem to like the picture that techno-optimism paints.  It is important to understand that the problem begins when we see those technologies as a way to make our current lifestyles eco-friendly. Until we are ready to face the need for a less complex life, we cannot make true progress towards sustainability. 

A. So where should we look for answers instead? 

B. The modern world's simple solution is technology. 

C. Moreover, they are more energy intensive to produce. 

D. Is it a trap that many people have fallen into in recent years? 

E. Unfortunately, this is an incredibly dangerous opinion to hold. 

F. Despite any technology, we as a whole are not living sustainably. 

G. Nevertheless, the truth is, we need a widespread change in our lifestyles. 

Today's Brussels sprouts （孢子甘蓝） taste better than you might remember from childhood, and that is because a new variety has replaced the original vegetable. You can thank plant breeders （植物育种家） for the change. Modern breeders, armed with new gene-editing technology, are looking to reproduce Brussels sprouts' reinvention. 

In the late 1990s, scientists discovered specific chemicals which made Brussels sprouts taste bitter. Plant breeders started growing old seeds, previously abandoned due to poor yields （产量）, to look for tastier versions with lower levels of these specific chemicals. Then they crossed these delicious but low-yield plants with high-yield individuals until they found a version that made plenty of tasty sprouts, transforming the vegetable from a bitter pill into a popular dish. 

But other vegetables haven't fared as well. That's because most breeding decisions favor plant traits that matter to vegetable growers, not vegetable eaters. For instance, disease resistance is probably the major focus these days of most breeding programs because that prevents the farmer from growing the crop. The taste of vegetables is ignored. 

People, however, are now becoming interested in prioritizing the taste of vegetables thanks in part to new genetic technology such as the gene-snipping technique CRISPR and DNA sequencing which is cheap enough to use widely. "There's never been a better time to be a fruit breeder or a vegetable breeder because we have more tools and techniques," says Susan Brown, an apple breeder at Cornell University.

Some companies are beginning to use those tools to deal with the challenge of developing tastier vegetables. One company, Pairwise, is fighting the same compounds that troubled Brussels sprouts: glucosinolates. But this time researchers are improving the flavor of salad greens. 

All vegetable growers hope that more flavorful products on store shelves will convince people to consume the recommended allowances （推荐量） of fruits and vegetables — and do so better than decades of nutritional guidance have. "Don't waste your time talking about trying to educate people to eat better," said Harry Klee, a professor who specializes in tomato breeding. "Just give them products that taste better and that they want to eat."