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Public Speaking

It can be stressful to deliver a speech in front of people. What do you say? How do you catch people's attention? What do you do if you mess up? You can use the following basics about the art of public speaking to help you overcome these challenges and be a good speaker.

Point everything back to the central idea

Before you begin your speech, figure out your core message. It makes it easier to decide what to say and it helps you make every other decision, from the structure to the specific stories and concrete images that you include.

To make your presentation memorable, you can try using "sticky stories" in your speeches — honest, vivid anecdotes (逸闻) with details that engage the senses of sight, sound, smell, taste and touch. People remember stories and images.

Practice in front of people

Practicing your speech can ease feelings of nervousness and help you adjust your presentation. Ask a friend or a family member to listen to you as you practice. You can also take a voice memo with your phone and play it back to yourself.

Slow down and start again

If something unexpected happens in the moment — say you stumble (结巴) or lose your place — pause or slow down. Take a deep breath and go back to the beginning of a sentence or restate the word you stumbled on. And don't worry people don't notice those pauses as much as you think they do. The point is to set yourself up for success, not perfection.

A. Use vivid imagery and storytelling.

B. These problems will drive you mad.

C. Avoid big words and long sentences.

D. Even if someone does notice, that's OK, too.

E. Then make sure all the ideas in your speech point back to it.

F. There's also a chance to practice short speeches on important topics.

G. By doing so, you can get supportive feedback to improve your speech.

Japan has started releasing wastewater into the ocean. But this isn't the kind of wastewater that flows from city streets into stormwater drains. It's treated nuclear wastewater used to cool damaged reactors at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, stricken by an earthquake over a decade ago.

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has approved the plan by Japan to release more than a million tons of treated nuclear waste water from the destroyed Fukushima power plant into the ocean, believing Japan's claims that the wastewater would be safe. However, Neighboring countries and other experts say it remains environmentally harmful that will last generations and may affect ecosystems all the way to North America.

Local fishermen, who heavily depend on the ocean's resources, fear a huge decrease in their marketability. "Japan's self-interest should not harm the well-being of humanity in the long run." They said.

The release of the wastewater into the sea is a threat to the ocean environment and will damage Japan's international image. The amount of money Japan would need to spend in restoring (恢复) its international image will far exceed that required to solve the problem in an eco-friendly way.

In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn't surprised when one evening my mother announced she had undertaken a new project.

"I am going to telephone seniors," said my mother. "Every night? But you don't even know these people." "It doesn't matter," she said. "What's important is that I listen." I was sixteen years old and couldn't understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to strangers. She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. "They will talk your ear off. Some people didn't even stop to catch breath." I said.

My attitude didn't stop my mother's enthusiasm for the project. That evening, she settled on the sofa and dialed. For a while, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, "Why do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert?" My mother grasped one of my hands and gave it a slight squeeze. "I'm the only person she talked to today."

It took me more than thirty years to fully understand the meaning of that statement. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly calls she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I'm the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I realize that my mother's calls were life lines that ensured housebound seniors remained connected to the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.

Global Works provides international travel programs that help teens learn about the world.

Costa Rica: Wild Adventure

This service program brings you into a wildlife reserve, where you will do some voluntary work to help protect local animals. After an overnight white-water rafting (漂流) trip you get to work on sea turtle (海龟) protection projects on Costa Rican beaches!

GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: Costa Rica FOCUS: Wildlife Protection

AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students/3 Staff

Fiji Islands: Sunny Service and Island Immersion (沉浸)

Looking for an unforgettable travel program? Join our Fijian family! Experience Fijian life firsthand and contribute to service projects that bring us to the heart of the local community. In this teen volunteer program, you will have a chance to play with the local kids and teach them English!

GRADES: 9-12 DAYS:17 DESTINATION: Fiji Islands FOCUS: Working with Children

AVG.GROUP SIZE: 16 Students /2 Staff 

Puerto Rico:Hurricane Relief

This is a hands-on service trip focused on hurricane relief and disaster prevention efforts. Home repair work is the heart of this program. The projects we work on will help families and communities to deal with a future hurricane.

GRADES: 9-12 DAYS: 8 DESTINATION: Puerto Rico, United States

FOCUS: Building Services

AVG.GROUP SIZE:18 Students /3 Staff 

France: French Immersion

Want more than just a standard France teen travel program?This French adventure has it all! From the Palais de Versailles to the French Alps, your journey introduces you to some of Frances most attractive sites and stories.

GRADES: 9-12. DAYS: 21 DESTINATION: France FOCUS: French Immersion

AVG.GROUP SIZE: 18 Students /3 Staff

Everybody pushed him away. With a big black birthmark (胎记) on his face, Thomas never had any friends. He was lonely, as if the world could never see the light. He used to love acting dramas in front of his mother, but now, he thinks he does not have the right to do so with such appearance.

This terrible life has begun since Thomas went to school. However, everything changed since that evening.

Thomas was sitting on the chair, staring out of the window while trying to forget the names that his classmates had called him earlier at school. The tree outside was surrounded by dried, lifeless leaves, with branches lowering themselves to the ground. It was so quiet that only the sound of the wind blowing the leaves away could be heard. A knock on the door broke the silence. "Thomas, here's a letter for you." Mom said. Just as Thomas reached out for the letter, Mom immediately pulled it away and said, "Let me read it for you."

Dear Thomas,

How are you? I know that you feel sad because of your birthmark, but you cannot change that. Therefore, instead of feeling bad for your appearance, you should stand up for yourself. Go to do astonishing things that would change everybody y's thoughts about you. Prove yourself. I believe in you.

Regards,

Aunt Janice

Thomas felt a wave of warmness in his heart. That night, he carried a smile on his face to his dreams. After that day, Thomas received more letters from relatives, encouraging him to be brave to do what he wanted. Mom would read out every single letter, each time with a lovely expression. Thomas realized that there were so many people caring and loving him. He heard a voice telling him that he should prove himself to the world.

With the encouragements, Thomas joined the drama class in his school. Unexpectedly, the whole school cheered for him and praised his acting skills. The teachers later signed him up to represent the school for an acting competition. Despite of his appearance, he got the first prize. His confidence grew.

注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

要点包括：1. 调查结果；2. 你的感受。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

"A barbecue restaurant owner I know told me to come back on Monday, so as to leave the weekends to out-of-town visitors." said Huang Yang, a native of Zibo city in Shandong Province works outside his hometown. He recently returned home for a visit and wanted to have some barbecue, he failed to find seats in four different restaurants.

Thanks to social media recommendations, Zibo has gone viral on Chinese social media platforms. (video) on sites such as Xiaohongshu show thousands of people traveling to the city to try its local barbecue, which they say (wrap) in a pancake and has a "distinct taste".

Taking advantage of the barbecue craze, Zibo has gone all out to promote local tourism resources, while (work) to ensure the safety of visitors and the quality of tourism products. To provide visitors a happy experience, market regulators have carried out inspections on barbecue restaurants to ensure food safety. Police have increased number of patrol（巡逻）personnel to ensure visitors' safety. Railway authorities have even added two (addition) high-speed trains between the provincial capital Jinan and Zibo on weekends to meet the growing passenger demand. The local government now has released a map of barbecue joints and added 21 new bus routes (facilitate) urban transportation.

According to data from on-demand service platform Meituan, Zibo has seen an 800 percent increase in accommodation bookings for the upcoming holiday (compare) to 2019, ranking first in Shandong Province in terms of growth rate.

I lost my sight when I was four. I can hardly 1  the brightness of sunshine.

It 2 to me that I might not have loved life so much if I hadn't been blind. I don't mean I would prefer to go without eyes. I 3 mean the loss of them made me more appreciate what I have.

Life asks a continuous series of 4 to reality. The hardest lesson was to 5 myself. When I say "belief in myself", I am not only talking about the kind of self- confidence that helps me down an unfamiliar staircase alone. But I mean something 6 than that: an assurance that I am, 7 imperfections, a real and positive person. It took me years to discover and 8 this assurance.

Once a man gave me a baseball. I thought he was kidding me. I was 9  and refused.

"Take it with you," he 10 me, "and roll it around."

The words 11  in my head. By rolling the ball, I could listen where it went. This inspired me to achieve a goal I had thought 12 : playing baseball.

All my life, I have set different goals and tried to reach them. I had to learn my 13  It was no good trying for something wildly out of reach, because that only invited the bitterness of 14 . I would fail sometimes but on average I made 15 .

As a registered dietitian, I have some go-to healthy-eating tips that I depend on when people want to eat more healthfully. . To make healthy-eating habit changes more sustainable, I generally recommend that people choose two or three tips to kick-start their healthy-eating journey.

Skip drinks with added sugars. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends that people limit their added sugar intake to less than 10% of their total calories. . Yet, the average intake of added sugars among US adults is far beyond the suggested amount.

Eat 2 to 3 servings of non-fried fish every week. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans suggests that most Americans eat at least 8 ounces of fish every week. . Fish eaters appear to live an average of 2.2 years longer than people who don't eat fish. This is linked to a number of other potential health benefits too.

. Highly processed meats like lunch meats, bacon and sausage are certainly convenient and incredibly appetizing. But these meat choices can also be loaded with nitrate, a component that, when heated, can produce potentially cancer-causing compounds（复合物）. Fresh cuts of meat like turkey, chicken and beef can be a nitrate-free meat option that can be just as satisfying to eat.

Have a glass of milk every day. Milk isn't just for kids. A glass of milk is loaded with 13 essential nutrients, including bone-building calcium, protein and magnesium. .

A. Add fruit to your midday snack

B. Your meals are meant to be enjoyed

C. Change highly processed meat for fresher options

D. However, the majority of people are missing the mark

E. For a 2,000-calorie diet, that means around 12 teaspoons of the sweet stuff

F. All of my tips are simple to do and they won't require complicated methods

G. Yet, nutritious as it is, only 20% of adults are drinking even one glass of this drink a day

UK summers are likely to regularly see temperatures above 40℃ even if humanity manages to limit global warming to 1.5℃, meteorologists（气象学家）have warned. 

The UK is already seeing increasingly extreme weather, with 2022 the third warmest, fifth wettest and eighth sunniest year on record-the first to fall into the top 10 for all three variables. Data published in State of the UK Climate 2022 report revealed the average winter temperature for last year was 5.3℃, which is 1.6℃ higher than the 1981 to 2010 average.

That makes December 2021 to February 2022 the fifth warmest winter on record, while the average temperature last summer was 14.8℃, 0.4℃ above the 1981 to 2010 average.

Early August 2022 saw maximum temperatures hit 34℃ on six continuous days, with five "tropical nights" above 20℃, making it one of the most significant heatwaves to affect southern England in the past 60 years, the report's authors said.

Comparing data from the Central England Temperature series, which goes back to 1772, the research found the early 21st century in this region has been 0.5℃ to 1℃ warmer than 1901 to 2000 and 0.5℃ to 1.5℃ warmer than 1801 to 1900.

Liz Bentley, chief executive of the Royal Meteorological Society, which publishes the report, said the world was already seeing extreme heat as a result of warming of 1.1℃ to 1.2℃ above pre-industrial levels.

"If you take that up by another 0.3℃, these (heatwaves) are just going to become much more intense—we're likely to see 40℃ in the UK although we have never seen those kinds of temperatures (before)," she said.

"As we hit 1.5℃ of global warming, that's going to not just become something that we see once or twice, it'll start to become something that we see on a much more regular basis." Mike Kendon, climate scientist at the Met Office and lead author of the report, said the figures indicated a new normal for the UK.