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Rainforests are usually known as "carbon sinks"-meaning they take in more emissions (排放物) than they give out. New trees make up for the carbon given off by dead ones. But a study of forests in Queensland found that extreme heat has caused more trees to die than to grow.

The lead author of the study said the results are important for global plans to cut emissions. These plans often depend partly on forests to take in carbon. "Current models may be too optimistic about how much tropical forests can help reduce fossil fuel emissions," said Dr. Hannah Carle from Western Sydney University.

Because fewer new trees are growing, the dead trees-including their trunks and branches-have turned into carbon emitters instead of takers. This shift began about 25 years ago.

"Forests help reduce the worst impacts of climate change by taking in some of the carbon dioxide from burning fossil fuels, but our work shows this ability is at risk," Dr. Carle said. She added that more trees have been dying in recent decades because of climate change effects like higher temperatures, dry air, and drought (干旱).

The report studied 49 years of data from 20 forests in Queensland. It also found that stronger storms are killing more trees and making it harder for new ones to grow.

"We have evidence that Australia's moist tropical forests are the first in the world to show this change,"Dr. Carle said. "That's really important-it could be an early warning signal. "

Another expert, Patrick Meir, called the results "very alarming". He said it's likely that other tropical forests around the world will react in a similar way, though more research is needed to be sure.

Parents worry about what too much sugar does to their kids' bodies, while their kids only see them as being mean or unfair. Parents want to keep their kids safe, but their rules can often make things worse, making kids hide things or argue with them all the time.

Halloween candy fights happen when parents and kids have different hidden needs. Children have a need for independence. They want some control over their own choices. They find candy delicious and want to enjoy treats they love. They also have a need for belonging and inclusion, especially when they see friends freely enjoying Halloween treats.

Parents usually need to feel capable in taking care of their kids' health. They also don't want endless fights! Parents have needs for ease (安逸) and harmony. Many parents also experience fear that something harmful might happen if they don't step in. This fear can drive them toward trying to control the situation, but what they're really seeking is confidence that their children will be okay and that family life can flow with more ease.

The traditional approach, where parents make the rules while kids follow them, doesn't meet anyone's needs well. When parents don't let kids have something, kids usually want it even more. That just makes kids dream about candy and eat it in secret. In fact, parents' "no" can make kids want sweets so badly, which is the opposite of what parents intended.

Instead of forcing rules, what if parents involved their kids in creating a Halloween candy plan that works for their family? The collaborative (合作的) method honors parents' need for competence while also meeting their need for ease in daily family life-reducing the exhausting discussions that rigid (死板的) rules often create.

Though my family was poor, my heart longed for the world beyond the village. Months later, my uncle, a man with great determination, convinced my parents of the value of education. I entered primary school, my mind absorbing every lesson like crazy.

My academic journey faced a challenge when I decided to study in Karachi, a dynamic city known for rich cultures and excellent schools. The villagers had a doubt that a boy from the fields could dream of such heights. Though I struggled with low spirits and even faced a difficult time, my brother's words, "Your challenges are catalysts to success", kept ringing in my mind. I turned to writing, finding comfort and recognition in words.

Years later, college fees were another obstacle. A mountain of debt seemed impossible to pay off. But I found a part-time job at a newspaper, which led to a chance to work in Hyderabad and then a career in calligraphy and advertising. This experience was a turning point, letting me see the world I had dreamed of, where my skills were valued and my potential was shown.

Reflecting on the past, the doubters hold no power. My story is a proof of the power of dreams and hard work. I hope my journey inspires others to chase their dreams, and to believe that every challenge is an opportunity to rise higher.

The debate junk food in schools has gone for many years, and people on both sides feel very strongly. Some people believe junk food, such as candy, cookies, potato chips, and soda, (taste) good, but it's not good for the human body. This is they have made an effort to ban it from schools. They think taking junk food out of schools will make kids healthier.

Others, however, believe this kind of ban doesn't make much of a difference. Instead of banning junk food, they suggest students should be given choices between   healthy   and   unhealthy   ones. (learn) to make healthier choices on their own is an important part of growing up.

While bottled water is convenient, it is also really bad for the environment. Not only does it create rubbish, but it also uses more resources because it (ship) to the shore. To be more eco-friendly, make it a habit (carry) a reusable water bottle with you everywhere so that you can drink water on the go. Plastic bottles are usually the (light) and most convenient. You can also find glass water bottles that are a great choice if don't like using plastic.

To celebrate his sixtieth birthday, Devon's father organized a family vacation to Alaska. On the long northward flight, Devon had a different idea, thought that she would have preferred a tropical island. But she changed her mind on their third day, they hiked out onto Root Glacier with a guide. Standing inside an ice cave beneath the glacier's surface, Devon stared in amazement at the glowing neon (氖) blue of the glacial ice surrounding her. This was (true) worth the trip!

It's good to share, right? Growing up as kids we are told to share our toys and not be selfish. We also live in an age where discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?

What is oversharing? The term has become associated with social media, but it isn't exclusive to this platform. Imagine you head to a party and you meet someone. Within five minutes they have disclosed intimate details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?

Dr Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology, says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief that we attract our own negative experiences the more we share them. It seems that sadfishing, the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, is generally perceived as negative rather than the cry for help it could actually be.

However, Dr Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become — provided that the posts that we bang out (匆匆发出) are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD, said that we should avoid whining (抱怨) and being negative online. We should also steer clear of showing off, bragging or flexing, as it's now known -especially about our love lives. It makes sense — if your date is going ‘that well', would you really have time to share a photo with text?

So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be more than happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your gripes about your lack of money really are too much.

Glossy black great-tailed grackles (美洲黑羽椋鸟), for example, previously found primarily in the tropics (热带), first reached southeastern California in 1964. They are now found throughout most of the state.

New research from the National Audubon Society highlights the dangers of the trend. For its new report, "Survival by Degrees," Audubon scientists analyzed the current geographic ranges of 604 North American bird species, and modeled how those ranges would change at different levels of warming. At a global temperature rise of three degrees Celsius, they found that 389 of those species-or nearly two-thirds of those studied-would become endangered, losing much of their current habitat.

Why does this matter to anyone who's not a bird watcher? For one thing, birds play a crucial role in the ecology, keeping down insect populations and serving as food themselves for larger predators (食肉动物). Their shifting ranges warn of increasing droughts, floods, fires, rising seas and unlivable cities.

Audubon scientists modeled what would happen at lesser levels of warming, and the results are striking. Limiting warming to 1.5 degrees would reduce the danger for three-quarters of those threatened birds. Audubon's report "Survival by Degrees" is not a depressing forecast but rather a call to action. It stresses the need for action at every level, by individuals and governments alike, to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

As a lifelong birder, I'm proud of the role my tribe has played in documenting the effects of climate change. When local conditions change, particular types of frogs or wildflowers may decrease and disappear, few will notice. I hope people can pay close attention to the urgent message in this new report and work together for solutions. Birds tell us we don't have time to wait.

A. We still have time to do something about it, however.

B. But they also serve as a visible symbol of broader environmental shifts.

C. This would greatly benefit humans, reducing the potential suffering for people.

D. But when a bird species disappears, we dedicated birders document the change.

E. In recent decades, that has meant a consistent northward shift in where species are found.

F. The changes will make birding exciting, with birders finding new species in unexpected places.

G. Even if some could shift their range northward, they would soon start to run out of room on the map.

Yet work is not the opposite of life. It is instead a part of life-just as family is, as are friends and community. All of these aspects of living have their share of uplifting moments and moments that drag us down. The same is true of work. Treat work the same way you do life: by maximizing what you love.

We have interviewed several anesthesiologists (麻醉师) about the thrills they feel in their jobs. One said he loved the thrill of holding each patient hovering at that one precise point between life and death. Another said she loved the bedside conversations before the operation aiming to calm the panic that affects many patients. Another was drawn mostly to the anesthetic mechanism and has devoted himself to defining precisely how each drug does what it does.

Think of your life's many different activities as threads. Some are black and some are white. But some of these activities appear to be made of a different substance. These activities contain all the tell-tale signs of love: before you do them, you find yourself looking forward to them; while you're doing them, time speeds up and you find yourself in flow; and after you've done them, you feel energetic. These are your red threads, and research by the Mayo Clinic suggests that doctors who weave the fabric of their life with at least 20% red threads are significantly less likely to experience burnout.

The simplest way for you to do this is to spend a week in love with your job. During the week, any time you find yourself feeling one of the signs of love write down exactly what you were doing in the column "Love". And any time you find yourself feeling the inverse write down what you were doing in the column "Loathe". By the end of the week you will see a list of activities in your "Love" column, which create in you a positive feeling, one that draws you in and lifts you up.

Our goal should be to, little by little, week by week, intentionally unbalance all aspects of our work toward the former and away from the latter. Not simply to make us feel better, but so that our colleagues, our friends and our family can all benefit from us at our very best.

Like most robots, social robots use artificial intelligence (AI) to decide how to act on information received through cameras and other sensors. The ability to respond in ways that seem lifelike has been informed by research into such issues as how perceptions (认知) form, what constitutes social and emotional intelligence, and how people understand others' thoughts and feelings. Advances in AI have enabled designers to translate such psychological and neuroscientific (神经学的) insights into algorithms (演算) that allow robots to recognize voices, faces and emotions; interpret speech and gestures; respond appropriately to complex verbal and nonverbal cues; make eye contact; speak conversationally; and adapt to people's needs by learning from feedback, rewards and criticisms.

In consequence, social robots are filling an ever expanding variety of roles. A 47-inch humanoid called Pepper (from SoftBank Robotics), for instance, recognizes faces and basic human emotions and engages in conversations via a touch screen in its "chest." About 15,000 Peppers worldwide perform such services as hotel check-ins, airport customer service, shopping assistance and fast-food checkout. Social robots have particular appeal for assisting the world's growing elderly population. Japan's PARO Therapeutic (治疗的) Robot, which looks like a lovely seal (海豹), is meant to stimulate and reduce stress for those with Alzheimer's disease and other patients. Mabu (Catalia Health) engages patients, particularly the elderly, reminding them to take walks and medication. Social robots are also gaining popularity with consumers as toys. Early attempts to incorporate social behavior in toys, such as Hasbro's Baby Alive and Sony's AIBO robotic dog, had limited success. But both are resurging, and the most recent version of AIBO has complicated voice and gesture recognition, can be taught tricks and develops new behaviors based on previous interactions.

Worldwide sales of consumer robots reached an estimated $5.6 billion in 2018, and the market is expected to grow to $19 billion by the end of 2025. This trend may seem surprising given that multiple well-funded consumer robot companies, such as Jibo and Anki, have failed. But a wave of robots is lining up to take the place of defunct robots, including BUDDY (Blue Frog Robotics), a big-eyed mobile device that plays games in addition to acting as a personal assistant and providing home automation and security.

As a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.

No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama's mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by grandparents.com, 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson's decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.

"In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own," says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents. "We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you' re raising children."

Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.

My wife and I usually don't keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either overwatered or underwatered. But after my diagnosis with a brain cancer, I loved the idea of having something green and1 around us.

Last year, my friend Mitch gave me a lucky bamboo plant. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of2 at a time when I sometimes felt useless because my ability to move was limited. As a physician, I was used to being the one who3 care. Watering the plant4 me to a core part of my old identity and taught me I could still be a caregiver.

However, after several weeks growing in perfect condition, the plant5 began to show signs of stress. No matter what I did, the leaves kept6 and dropping to the floor.

"I can't even care for a simple plant!" I yelled. "If my lucky bamboo dies, I might die too!"

Identifying with the green and growing plant had offered me comfort. But when the tree was struggling, I felt increasingly uneasy and7.

It was several months later when I recovered from surgery that I realized I had wrongly linked my careful nurturing of the plant—something over which I had at least some control—with my own8—something over which I had no control.

As my9 lessened, I began to study online tutorials to figure out how to care for the tree. I transplanted it to a larger pot, and when it was back in the sunny window, we both began to thrive (旺盛) again.

Now whenever I look at the tree in its new pot, I make a point to relax and think of the things I can10.

Mike Anthony lives in Honolulu, Hawaii. Being unable to afford to live in his own place, he relies on the streets and undeveloped beaches of Honolulu to rest his head. He also takes advantage of the beautiful weather by playing baseball outside, in hopes of one day making it big.

One Friday, Mike was hitting some baseballs when he lost one in a narrow gap between the parking garage and a drugstore next door. After losing a total of six balls, he decided to go down after it.

The walls of the space were so narrow, around 9 inches that Mike wasn't sure how he could fit. But being that those baseballs were some of his only possessions, Mike couldn't afford to lose them. He decided to go down after them.

As he went down a little lower and a little lower, he realized there may be no coming back. That was the moment Mike realized he had actually got himself stuck between two walls.

Being homeless meant he didn't have a cell phone, so he did the only thing he could think of, he yelled (叫喊) very loudly.

Passersby heard him yell for help and they called 911 at 2:06 pm. The Honolulu Fire Department immediately sent five units staffed with 20 personnel to the site. Rescuers, who communicated with Mike the entire time, initially tried lowering a rope to him from above but he was unable to grab it.

The large team of firefighters spent three hours working with all kinds of tools like saws, drills, and jackhammers trying to free Mike. It took a lot of manpower and the rescue attracted a large crowd of onlookers, who, filled with curiosity, fetched their phones to document the rescue scene.

In a last-ditch effort, firefighters broke through one of the walls to create an opening that was approximately 3 feet high and 4 feet wide. Finally, the firefighters were able to successfully free Mike through the opening at 5:23 pm.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Mike was taken to the hospital following the rescue.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

After seeing the video about Mike online, people came forward to help him realize his dream.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(1)提出请求；

(2)主题设计要求；

(3)期待回复。

注意：

(1)写作词数应为100个左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Chris,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

China's first key national R&D project equipment for high-altitude wind energy — the world's largest 5,000-square-meter power-generating kite — (successful) completed all scheduled flight tests in Alxa Left Banner, North China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, on Wednesday.

The China-made kite, (develop) under a national program led by China Energy Engineering Corp, achieved full in-air deployment and retraction (部署与回收) during testing, (mark) a solid step toward the engineering (apply) of high-altitude wind power technology in China.

Looking like a giant kite, the power-generating kite can collect wind energy above 300 meters high and transmit it to the ground through a tether cable (电缆) that drives a generator. The (late) test carried out the deployment and retraction of both a 5,000-square-meter kite and two 1,200-square-meter kites.

High-altitude wind energy, often described as untouched "no-man's land" of renewable power, offers significant potential thanks to its higher wind speeds, stable directions, greater energy density. Currently two main technological paths(explore) globally — airborne and ground-based systems — but there is still a long way to go. In the airborne approach, lightweight wind turbines (风力涡轮机) are fixed on flying platforms (generate) electricity in the sky. The recent test focused on the ground-based model, a working wind turbine deployed at high altitude captures wind energy to drive a ground-based generator.

The project7 from a simple snow pile into a magic of8. After reconstructing the collapsed9 with creative problem-solving, Blake expanded his10, later adding a fireplace, chimney, blankets, and even a(n)11 "TV" to enhance the igloo's warmth and12. Shared on social media, the magical spot gained widespread praise, mixing winter fun with inviting socializing.

Blake13 teamwork for the achievement, urging followers to "brainstorm ideas and make them happen" to inspire the youth. Blake's story proves that passion and14 can turn snowflakes into magic. The igloo stands as a proof of childhood wonder, sustainable creativity, and the power of small fantasies to motivate big15.

Whether it's your smartphone, computer, GPS or calculator, being too dependent on these things is bad news for your brain. This is because your brain becomes less efficient and lazy if you reach for an easy, quick answer all the time. So every time you have a simple calculation to do, use your given internal machine, your brain.

Prioritize(优先考虑) quality sleep

It is vital for good brain function that you get the needed amount of sleep per night that the experts recommend. When you sleep, your body removes all the toxins(毒素) that have built up during the day, and also regenerates cells. Studies show that the best time to get to sleep is between 9 pm and midnight and to get at least 7-8 hours good quality, undisturbed rest..

Engage in mental workouts

There are many great ways to train your brain and keep it working and in check.. For more in-depth tips on brain training, one notable article outlines 10 effective ways to improve your memory and boost brainpower. You can search for it online.

Practice note-taking

It has been proven that writing down little notes and reminders for yourself actually helps to increase your brain power and is good for you. There are certain parts of the brain that are responsible for memories and memory.. Writing a journal, blog or email reminders can increase your brain capacity and ability to memorize important events or tasks.

A. However, this is not the case

B. Minimize dependence on technology

C. Writing notes can make fresh blood flow to these areas

D. Thus, ensuring high-quality sleep is essential for better brainpower

E. This means that once the brain matures, it is incapable of further development

F. Exercising your brain, like memorizing numbers or passwords, is highly beneficial

G. Regular physical exercise is fundamental to keeping and improving our overall health

In 2003, Jillian Clarke, a senior high school student, put the five-second rule to the test. She dropped cookies on the floor for five seconds and found that bacteria transmitted to food very quickly, even in just five seconds, thus challenging the popular belief.

A few years later, food scientist Paul Dawson and his students also tested the five-second rule and found over 99% of the bacteria transmitted from the floor to food in just five seconds. "The five-second rule was just ridiculous," Dawson concluded.

But in 2014, microbiology professor Anthony Hilton and his students restarted the debate. They studied the transmission of bacteria from a variety of indoor floor types to different food, with contact time ranging from three to 30 seconds. According to their results, the longer a piece of food was in contact with the floor, the more likely it was to contain bacteria. This could be seen as evidence in favor of the five-second rule, Hilton noted, but was not conclusive.

This motivated food science professor Donald Schaffner and his students to conduct a strict study on the accuracy of the five-second rule recently. They found that longer contact time resulted in more transmission but some transmission took place "instantaneously", after less than 1 second, thus debunking (驳斥) the five-second rule once and for all.

Your chance of falling ill after eating food that has touched the floor depends on factors like how dirty the floor is and the type of bacteria present. Based on studies, the kitchen floor is one of the dirtiest spots in the house because the kitchen gets a lot of foot traffic and kitchen waste often falls on the floor, creating an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. While most of the bacteria existing on kitchen floors are harmless, some can cause food poisoning.

The iceberg is officially known as A23a and it measures over 3,500 square kilometers. It has existed since 1986, when it broke off from the Antarctic shelf. But it didn't leave Antarctica until 2020. Scientists have been using satellite imagery to follow the iceberg's movements and their observations had shown the iceberg had not broken into smaller pieces like some other so-called "megabergs" that passed through the Southern Ocean. Predicting the iceberg's exact path is difficult, but ocean conditions suggest it should reach South Georgia in two to four weeks.

Scientists are worried the iceberg will get caught on the underground continental shelf around South Georgia. If so, it could remain there for months or it could break into pieces, which could harm efforts by penguins and seals on the island to feed and raise their young. Icebergs that have grounded there in the past led to the deaths of young penguins and seals.

But Raul Cordero, a member of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, believes it is possible that the iceberg could miss the shelf and continue moving into open waters beyond South Georgia. The island acts as an obstacle (障碍) to ocean currents and therefore usually makes the water change direction long before it reaches the island. The iceberg is moved by that water flow, so the chances of it hitting are not that high. However, some iceberg pieces could affect the island.

It is summer in South Georgia and penguins and seals from the area have been looking for food in the cold Antarctic waters to bring back to their young. They might have to go around the iceberg if it gets stuck, which would take a lot of their energy, possibly leading to animal deaths. The seal and penguin populations on South Georgia have already been having a "bad season" with cases of bird flu.

I took that shot like a champion, without so much as a quiet "Ouch". While I waited for the doctor to come back with my balloon, I thought about all the cool things I was going to do with that balloon. The doctor returned with a concerned look on his face and delivered the unfortunate news. "I'm sorry, Andrew, but we're out of balloons."

All my big plans for that balloon popped faster than that balloon ever would have. I was devastated. The entire way home, my grandma kept telling me that I should think positively, and everything would be okay.

Arriving at home, I was straight going through the house to the backyard door, ready to go outside and tell my dog all my troubles, when I looked out and saw the most amazing thing my seven-year-old eyes had ever seen. Our entire backyard was filled with floaty balloons!

We lived less than a mile from an amusement park. As it turned out, when the wind was just right, the balloons released from the daily parades would land neatly in our backyard.

I will never forget that day of whirling through those balloons and thinking they were all for me because I had to get my shots. And I will never forget my grandmother telling me throughout my life that if you just think positive thoughts, everything has a way of working out in the end.