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Kanien'keha, the Mohawk language, is endangered, and for decades, McComber has worked hard to operate a native language school. At the turn of the century, as it encountered more barriers, McComber looked around the world for help and inspiration, and Karetu was the answer. "Don't wait for money or approval; just do the work," Karetu told him. It's the same message Karetu carried with him decades ago, when te reo Maori, the Maori language, was also on the line.

In the early 1970s, young Maori advocates in New Zealand marched to the government, demanding Maori be taught in all public schools. In 1982, Dame Iritana Tawhiwhirangi established Kohanga Reo, an engaging language program where Maori was the only language taught, spoken and used both in the classroom and at home, and the courses focused on their history and culture. "Grandparents became teachers," she says. "The difference-maker was that the Kohanga Reo was entirely community-led. Families raised the money to rent classroom spaces, and volunteers planned and taught classes."

Translated in English as "language nest", the Kohanga Reo model quickly became an important cultural export and inspired other minority communities worldwide. "Our parents ruled," a student of McComber's nest school says, "They wanted to teach us the beauty of our language, our culture, and who we are. And it has given me the confidence to speak and read with ease in both English and Kanien'keha."

The model helped communities view the world through their ancestors' eyes, ensuring the survival of their way of life. "It's not just about language," McComber can now answer that question. "It's everything."

The floating (流动的) homes of Lake Titicaca

More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca Empire began to occupy the Uros' mainland villages. To resist this threat, the Uros began to build the floating islands with the water- resistant plant called totora, which grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community.

The perfect desert town: Ghadames

Ghadames is an impressive example of environmental planning. Thick walls delay the sun's heat entering a building during the day, and radiate that heat back to the sky at night. By morning, the walls have cooled again. Skilful use of available building materials achieves the maximum comfort with minimal means.

Spain's fairy-tale houses

Known as pallozas, the round houses are built from just a handful of materials: stone, wood and dry grass. Thick stone walls depending on what was available in the area block the cold and conserve internal heat. Inside, the palloza's fireplaces are essential for maintaining a constant temperature, making it energy-efficient.

The Himalayas' ancient design

The structures in Himachal Pradesh were built by an ancient technique known as kath kuni. Wood and stones create a fantastic balance. The wooden frames (框架) lessen the stress on the openings during an earthquake. Thick stones hold the whole building firmly in place. Above all, pieces of wood interlock together, which makes the structures remarkably flexible, allowing walls to move in case of an earthquake.

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