相关试卷

During my winter vacation, I was boundthe mountains with my friends. One of the (highlight) of our trip was supposed to be a challenging hike. However, things took an (expect) turn when I slipped on a (freeze) stream. My leg bled seriously, and everyone present (panic).

In that remote area, calling for help was (practical). My friends quickly made a stretcher(担架) (use) branches and jackets. They carried me down the mountain for hours until we reached the nearest village,the locals helped clean and bandage my wound.

This experience taught meimportance of staying calm in emergencies and the value of true friendship.my leg still bears a scar, it reminds me of the kindness I received that day.

Ellen2 and told me that UN was badly in want of volunteers there. I told her I would think it over. For the rest of the day, I was torn by3 thoughts. Bosnia may be dangerous; do I really want to put myself at risk? Then other4 flashed into my mind. I liked challenges. And it was a fairyland for marvels. If I5 the invitation, I may never get another chance. In the end, the6thoughts won.

A few weeks later, I7 a plane to Tuzla, Bosnia where I spent three interesting weeks. After I returned, I was asked if I'd like to return and participate in another8. I said "yes" firmly.

It is twenty years since I let my optimistic thoughts9 my negative ones. I have finished many other tasks in many other countries since then. When I10 my first Bosnia assignment, I had traveled to three foreign countries. I continued to volunteer11 and my12 is now fifty-eight.

If I had listened back in 2001 to the13 inside telling me not to take a risk, I wouldn't be talking about this14 now. Fortunately, I followed the voice that said, "15 it" and I found a brand new life after sixty!

Mistake 1: Using whitening toothpaste every day

While whitening toothpastes are generally safe to use, using them every day or at high levels may have the potential to cause damage. This is because the peroxide (过氧化氢) content in some whitening gels and toothpastes has the potential to cause ulcers (溃疡) if used in high quantities." If you want to use a whitening toothpaste, seek professional advice from dentists.

Mistake 2:

How many of you eat your breakfast then immediately go to the bathroom to brush your teeth? Actually, dentists recommend that you wait about an hour before brushing your teeth after eating. This is because brushing your teeth right after eating these foods can actually damage your enamel (牙釉质) especially when you eat food that is acid. You are essentially brushing acid in your mouth all over your teeth. Allowing time between brushing and consuming foods allows the saliva in your mouth to wash away any acid.

Mistake 3: Brushing your teeth too hard

But actually brushing too hard can contribute to worn enamel, which may contribute to sensitivity and gum (牙龈) disease in the long run. The best way to brush your teeth to guarantee maximum cleaning and little damage is to brush gently but thoroughly, using a soft brush. Pressure isn't the only thing you need to consider when brushing your teeth.

Mistake 4: Skipping your bedtime brush

While official guidelines recommend brushing your teeth twice a day, many of us consider the morning brush to be the priority. But while your morning breath might feel worse, brushing your teeth before bed is even more important. Never forget to brush before bedtime. In addition, while you sleep, the washing action of your mouth i.e., your saliva also reduces, and therefore not much cleaning happens naturally.

A. Brushing your teeth after eating acid food.

B. Brushing your teeth immediately after eating

C. They will direct you on how often you should be using whitening toothpaste.

D. Roughly 37 million Americans spend billions of dollars every year on tooth care.

E. However, many of us are doing it wrong without noticing the potential damage it might cause.

F. That is the time when all of your dinner goes bad in your mouth and bacteria are having a field day.

G. Many people assume that by applying more pressure to the teeth, you are getting rid of more bacteria.

But simply licking a lolly, or experiences such as kneading dough, playing with shadows actually doesn't help students to learn science. Using examples and demonstrations in the classroom can be a helpful approach towards deeper understanding, but it's not a shortcut to knowledge.

The idea of learning through experiences has a long history. It's perhaps most closely associated with the work of educator John Dewey in the early 20th century. Dewey and other educators of the time were concerned that an emphasis on rote (死记硬背) learning would lead to "inert (惰性的) knowledge": facts that students wouldn't be able to apply to the real world.

An experience like licking a lolly may at least be memorable – especially if you'd never done it before.

However, there is a difference between having memories for events and having knowledge. For example, between having personally lived through the French Revolution and knowing what happened including its origin and effects, the latter involves a different type of memories – structured memories. These are based on understanding how things work and what they mean. It is the type of memory that is at play when you use a word such as "heavy", unconnected to a specific heavy object. Such understandings are essential to both scientific learning and our use of language.

If you stop to think about it, most of your knowledge can't be clearly tied to one particular experience.

Learning is usually not a one-shot process – think of how much experience a gardener needs before they "know" how plants grow and thrive. These semantic memories derive from a combination of lots of experiences, and sometimes, from comparing and contrasting different things: the difference between two types of plants, or between an ice lolly and an ice cream. Understanding science or anything else is not just about remembering experiences.

To profit most from first-hand experience, learners need sufficient prior knowledge to understand what is happening when they observe something in class. If we want students to build up their knowledge of science and be able to use it in future, it's vital that the focus is on strategies that helped them to transform what they observe into structured knowledge.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when eaten in food, may remain in the gut (肠道). People who have lots of — and lots of different types of — probiotic bacteria and yeasts in their gut are thought to have healthy microbiomes, i.e., microbial communities.

A healthy gut microbiome is associated with good mental health, a strong immune system, regular gut movements and a lowered risk of many diseases and chronic conditions. Many so-called health foods are probiotic, including kombucha, miso, sauerkraut, kefir, Greek yogurt and other fermented (发酵的) or pickled (腌制的) foods.

Food scientist Cristian Mauricio, the first author of the study, said in a statement that these three strains were selected because they were believed "to have the best fermentative, enzymatic (酶) properties," according to previous research conducted at the Food Technology Institute.

He explained that the scientists then studied how the cheeses changed over 45 days of ripening and they found that none of the three strains significantly affected the composition of the cheese, in terms of fatty acid and protein profiles, which were confirmed to be safe for human consumption and probiotic. Furthermore, the bacteria seemed to inhibit the growth of disease-promoting microorganisms.

"This kind of microorganism is easy to produce industrially," Barreto continued. "Research along these lines is relevant to the needs of the cheese industry, which has significant growth potential"

Barreto said that, while large companies had the microbial culture technology to supply probiotics to Brazil, smaller companies would benefit from being able to produce these probiotics themselves so their traditional products could compete on the market. However, more researches are required before they can be used commercially.

Reports confirm that children under five account for 39% of all cases in the country, and babies as young as two weeks are being diagnosed with this viral illness.

Why is the DRC outbreak affecting children so badly? Because of conflict, political instability and insecurity, large parts of the DRC have not had stable, consistent, sustained health responses or health prevention. As a result, it's hard to control infectious diseases like mpox.

In addition, children in any outbreak setting are already vulnerable given their immature and still-developing immune systems, especially under the age of five. Besides all the above factors, living in a country where mpox is consistently present, exposure through contact with animals, which is a more common means of mpox transmission, and not having the benefit of a vaccine also contribute to the problem.

To protect the vulnerable from the mpox outbreak, children must be specifically targeted. This is because they are a primary population of concern that can develop severe and fatal disease. The health system and healthcare workers must make it as easy as possible to get parents or caregivers to bring children in. This includes addressing the inconveniences of leaving their communities to seek care.

Another factor which might prevent the infected from getting the care they should have is the stigma connected to mpox. The symptoms of mpox are quite noticeable and unfortunately draw negative attention and treatment by society and health workers, which makes parents and caregivers hesitant to seek care. The media, including international media, have been feeding into this – especially for African people with mpox — and it needs to stop.

Finally, a vaccination program focused on the young needs to be rolled out to stem transmission. But there still exist major challenges.

By Charles F. Sabel

The climate crisis poses a problem of global action that governments have sought to address through high-level international negotiations. There are arrangements, such as the 2015 Paris Agreement, reductions in emissions and comprehensive plans for meeting those targets. The author argues that these strategies are failing because they provide inadequate opportunities for experimentation. Since the route to successful emissions reduction is uncertain, experimentation, which inspires the emergence of new technologies and approaches is essential.

Social Media, Freedom of Speech, and the Future of Our Democracy

By Lee C. Bollinger

The evolution of social media threatens the freedoms of speech. The author concludes that First Amendment Law(第一修正案) can adapt to this new technology as it has to new media in the past. Hate speech and false and misleading information may be legally protected, but placing limitations on the algorithms( 算 法) and artificial intelligence(AI) used to spread such speech would be beneficial and acceptable. In the author's view, such social platforms controlled by a few companies pose "extraordinary risks" to democracy and a responsible reform in relevant laws, the author concludes, is both possible and necessary.

The Great War and the Birth of Modern Medicine

By Thomas Helling

It is one of the paradoxes of war that the enormous efforts put into harming people often give rise to medical breakthroughs and great progress in the treatment of the wounded. This valuable and thoroughly interesting study, informed by the author's own experience of military surgery, contributes to the history of both World War I and modern medicine. It was not just new techniques that made the difference but also new medical facilities that were moved closer to the frontlines so that soldiers could be treated as quickly as possible.

Sarah, a woman overwhelmed by life's struggles, stumbled toward her tiny apartment. She kept shaking in the storm, tears mixing with cold rain running down her pale face. When lightning flashed, it lit up the painful cuts on her hands — wounds from broken glass when she fell earlier. As she tried to open the door, the old keys kept slipping from her freezing fingers. All she wanted was to fall into a deep sleep and forget everything.

Years earlier, her husband disappeared, leaving her to raise their daughter Lily alone. Then she lost her job at the factory. Soon after, doctors found Lily had a rare heart condition. But fate twisted the knife deeper: during a routine checkup, Sarah learned that she had lung cancer — a sickness probably passed down from her mother. Hiding her illness to protect Lily, she sold her belongings, skipped meals, and worked night shifts at a diner, trying to keep life as normal as possible for her daughter.

That rainy night, while delivering food on her old bike, Sarah suddenly couldn't breathe. Gasping for air, she collapsed on a wet bridge, her head hitting the pavement. Blood mixed with rainwater as she faded in and out of awareness. After lying dazed for minutes, she staggered up, left her bike behind, and dragged herself home like a ghost. She fell onto her worn-out couch, her labored breaths echoing in the darkness.

Meanwhile, others were searching. Paramedic (急救人员) Laura had barely touched her cold sandwich when another call came in. "A woman had collapsed on the bridge. She looked dead," a scared witness reported. Laura's team, already exhausted from eighteen emergencies that day, raced through the rain. At the scene, they found only a bent bicycle and faint pink stains on the wet pavement. Checking nearby security cameras, they watched Sarah stagger away from the site. The trail led to an apartment building with broken hallway lights.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150个左右；

2. 请按如下格式作答。

A loud knock interrupted the silence.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Laura later shared their rescue experience on social media.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

（1）推荐的职业；

（2）推荐理由（如社会价值、个人成长等）

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80个左右；

（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Chris,

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Best regards,

Li Hua

A digital exhibition spotlighting Niya ruins site in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, is set to open to public on Jan. 25 in Shanghai, offering visitors unique immersive experience on the site's excavation (挖掘) while learning about the region's ancient cultures.

Running until July 25, the exhibition is hosted by the publicity department of the city's Huangpu district and the Xinjiang Museum. It will also be the first exhibition, (feature) over 100 pieces of cultural artifacts as well as digital interpretation of history (integrate) with advanced and interactive technologies.

Among the cultural relics, a precious copy of the national treasure-level artifact "Five Stars Rise in the East" brocade arm protector from the Xinjiang Museum, was unearthed in 1995 at the Niya site, will be display in Shanghai for the first time. (notable), it is labeled as one of the greatest archaeological (discovery) in China in the 20th century.

Working with the French virtual reality team from Backlight Studio, the digital exhibition titled Seven Days of the Cad'ota (aim) to recreate the excavation site and lead visitors through the region's history and ancient daily life from a first-person perspective.

The exhibition explores deep into the historic, artistic and (science) values of cultural relics in Xinjiang. With the latest technologies, breathes new life into Xinjiang's cultural heritages, comprehensively presenting the history and charm of the Niya site and Xinjiang.