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1、 阅读短文,回答问题
Around seven out of every ten Americans who work in offices do their work in an open environment,defined as at desks without meaningful partitions (隔板),according to an International Facility Management Association survey. That is,if they even have a desk——workers may be assigned only a few feet of a communal(共用的) table. The open-plan office space trend,popularized by creative agencies and technology start-ups,went mainstream because of the belief that open-space environments support innovation. More nearness between employees,the thinking went,would create more interaction and teamwork,promote social interaction and urge productivity.
But in fact,purely open-plan offices have been shown to have the opposite effects,creating so much distraction(分心) that employees stayed away from each other. A study funded by Harvard Business Sehaol,the results of which were published last year,tracked what happened when a British company moved its employees from traditional office space,with offices with walls,to an open office. Face-to-face interaction became less——employees spent 72 percent less time interacting with their colleagues. Instead of talking more with each other,the employees put on headphones and began communicating by text and email. As digital communication channels surged , productivity declined.
Neuroscience also holds some clues as to why the tight quarters in communal work spaces——where workers are only given about half the space they were given a decade ago——are so hard to work in. "The human voice sets off the most powerful emotional response in our auditory(听觉的)experience. Voice above 55 decibels(分贝)—— roughly the sound of a loud phone call——causes measurable stress," according to a Wall Street Journal article, "The Neuroscience-Optimized Office". "Even more troublesome are overheard 'halfversations',in which the listener only knows about one side of a dialogue;our brains automatically imagine the other," wrote authors John Medina and Ryan Mullenix.
But the solution,say experts including Newport,isn't to go back to putting everyone into offices with walls.
(1)、What can we learn about the open office trend according to paragraph 1?A、It allows 10 people at most to work together. B、It is believed to stimulate workers' creativity. C、It is only popular with new technology companies. D、It is aimed at promoting workers' social interaction.(2)、What does the underlined word" surged"in paragraph 2 probably mean?A、Suspended timely. B、Became useless. C、Cost less. D、Increased quickly.(3)、What makes an open office hard to work in?A、Hearing endless noisy phone calls. B、Showing real emotions publicly. C、Facing communication barriers at work. D、Hearing part of a dialogue between colleagues.(4)、What will probably be discussed in the following paragraph?A、What are benefits of the open offices with walls. B、Why the open office makes workers distracted. C、How to deal with the disadvantages of the open office. D、How to draw workers' attention to their colleagues nearby. -
2、 阅读短文,回答问题
It had always been assumed that the rarity of lightning in ocean storms was due to cleaner air over the vast seas,but keen observations have shown that even highly polluted air is associated with reduced lightning at sea when sea spray aerosols(气溶胶) are abundant. In their paper published in the journal Nature Communications,an international team of researchers describes their multi-year study of atmospheric conditions over the oceans bordering Africa and what it showed about salt in sea spray aerosols and its impact on lightning.
The researchers obtained atmospheric data on Africa and the oceans around it for the period 2013 to 2017. The data included numbers of lightning flashes,rainfall,temperatures and cloud representations. They looked for differences in atmospheric conditions in storms that occurred over land versus those that occurred over the sea and found one main difference:the amount of salt in the air.
Lightning is produced when upwardly moving air in clouds forms ice crystals(冰晶)—aerosol particles then begin to bump into one another,creating an electrical charge. Lightning happens when the electrical field in one part of the cloud becomes positively charged ( usually at the top of the cloud) and another negatively charged (usually at the bottom of the cloud). And clouds form,of course,when vapor evaporates(蒸发) from the surface of the Earth and the water drops bond with aerosols.
The researchers found that things are slightly different over the ocean. When water evaporates from the sea,it bears a load of salt. When the salt water bonds with aerosols to form water droplets,they tend to be bigger and heavier than those that form over land due to the salt—and that results in more of the water in the clouds falling as rain before it can rise up and form ice crystals. The result is far fewer lightning discharges.
The researchers suggest their findings could be useful in improving the accuracy of both climate models and meteorological reports. It could also possibly lead some to attempt to seed storm clouds with salt to reduce their severity.
(1)、What is the common belief of lightning over oceans?A、Lightning pollutes the remote sea. B、Polluted air leads to less lightning at sea. C、Cleaner air results in less lightning at sea. D、Cleaner air contributes to more lightning at sea.(2)、How does the author mainly develop paragraph 3?A、By presenting facts. B、By listing similarities. C、By giving examples. D、By making comparisons.(3)、How do water droplets on land differ from those at sea?A、They drop much faster. B、They contain more water. C、They are bigger and heavier. D、They are smaller and lighter.(4)、What can be the best title for the text?A、Salt in Sea Spray Worsens Storms over the Sea. B、Salt in Sea Spray Keeps Lightning Strikes Away. C、Lightning Strikes Are More Common over Oceans. D、Sea Spray Is Found Evaporating Faster over Oceans. -
3、 阅读短文,回答问题
A Midsummer Night's Dream may be one of Shakespeare's most performed play—but its latest version from the Royal Shakespeare Company will be unlike any seen before. Titled Dream,the 50-minute online production combines live performance with motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology,3 D graphics,and interactive gaming techniques that let audiences remotely guide the leading character Puck through a virtual forest.
As live theater put some seriously high-tech fairy (小精灵) factors into practice,Dream promises to bring the rarest version of the play to our screens. In 2016,the theater's production of The Tempest used live motion-capture technology to create a 3 D digital image that was projected above the stage. The difference this time is that everything in the play—the performers and their surroundings—will be shown virtually.
Seven actors will perform in a specially-built studio in Portsmouth,southern England,wearing motion-capture suits. They will be surrounded by a 360-degree camera set,made up of 47 cameras with every movement almost immediately presented digitally,which is presented to viewers online. With its much-reduced characters,Dream is not a complete production of A Midsummer Night's Dream;rather,it is a story inspired by it,focusing on Puck and the fairies.
Up to 2,000 audience members for each performance can become part of the show and will be invited to guide Puck through the forest. Onscreen,the chosen audience will appear as a cloud of tiny fireflies (萤火虫). By using their mouse or finger on the screen of a smart device,they will be able to move their firefly across the screen,and Puck will be at their beck and call to go through the virtual space. For viewers watching at home,the virtual fairies moving through a digital forest will look more like a video game than the average Royal Shakespeare Company show. But the performances are delivered live and in real time. Every night's performance will be unique.
"Without the fireflies—the audiences—Puck wouldn't be going anywhere," said E. M. Williams who plays the role. "The audiences are very much the fuel and the energy of the show. "
(1)、What makes Dream different from The Tempest?A、The number of actors and actresses. B、The surroundings around the performers. C、The 3 D digital image it chooses to show. D、The way it presents everything in the play.(2)、Which aspect of the play does Paragraph 3 focus on?A、Its leading characters. B、The design of its content. C、Its production process. D、The inspiration for the play.(3)、What does the underlined part "be at their beck and call" in the last but one paragraph mean?A、Be willing to guide them. B、Be likely to receive a call. C、Be difficult to control. D、Be ready to follow their order.(4)、What do E. M. Williams' words in the last paragraph show?A、The cost of the show. B、The pleasure of the audiences. C、The importance of the audiences. D、The task of the leading character. -
4、 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段话,使之构成一个完整的故事。
I will share the kind act that I met with all of you.We had dozens of restaurant options within a short distance,so we often took advantage of this luxury.On one occasion,I ran out to get some food.I saw the clouds in the distance and decided I could make it there and come back in time,but I was wrong.I was about to leave the restaurant when the rain just poured.The street was flooded within minutes.
But I had my little girl and husband waiting for me back at home,and they were hungry,so I knew I had to make a run for it.The owner of the restaurant tried to encourage me to wait inside,but I insisted that I should go.At this point,he grabbed his umbrella and said,"Okay,let's go." Of course I tried to convince him that it wasn't necessary for him to walk me home,but I knew I wouldn't prevent him from doing so.So off we went.We quickly realized that the umbrella wouldn't help much in keeping us dry.He walked me all the way to my apartment building,where he said goodbye and ran back to the restaurant.
Again I encountered this act of kindness when I was making my way to the bus.As I waited at the crosswalk(人行道),it began to rain lightly.Nothing was too bad,but a young guy nearby felt like it was heavy enough to make him step next to me and hold his umbrella above both of us.After a while,the lights turned green.I thanked him and walked across the street.
Getting around the city when you are six months pregnant(怀孕的) and have a two-year-old kid can be challenging sometimes.One spring afternoon,I realized I needed something from the store to finish preparing for dinner.The weather seemed a bit questionable but the store was around the corner so I decided to risk it.
注意:1)续写词数应为 150 左右;
2)续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
It wasn't raining when we left so we didn't carry my umbrella.
Paragraph2:
As we crossed the street the woman offered me her umbrella.
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5、假设你是李华,你的英国朋友 Jim 跟你写信提到,他感觉自己现在的身体素质没有以前好了,希望你能给他一些建议,如何保持身体健康。请你给他回信。
内容包括:1)表示安慰;
2.)提出建议;3)表达祝愿。注意:1)词数应为 80 字左右;
2)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
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6、 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
The main reason China's ancient civilization has continued all the way through into modern times has been the Chinese writing system. (date) back to several thousand years ago, written Chinese was a picturebased language. Symbols (carve) on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people. Over the years, there was a time when the Chinese people were divided (geographic), leading to many (variety) of dialects and characters. Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country, making the Chinese writing system begin (develop) in one direction. It was of great (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture. People in modern times can read the classic works (write) by Chinese in ancient times. Nowadays, Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.As China (play) a greater role in global affairs, an (increase) number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
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7、 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I was getting more excited as we got off the train at beautiful Grand Central Station. After a tour at the Museum of Modern Art, we1 Radio City Music Hall and the Christmas tree at Rockefeller Center. In one of the 2 in the area, I found a tiny boxed set of Peter Rabbit books, perfect for my 3 . Was there anything like Christmas in New York? Having experienced an exciting and tiring tour, we called a 4 back to Grand Central Station.
On the way home I realized that my handbag was gone—lost or 5 , I had no idea. All the magic of this special day 6 . I glumly(闷闷不乐地) imagined a crowded Department of Motor Vehicles and all the phone calls that I'd have to make to get my 7 cards replaced with new ones. And I'd never 8 all those precious photos to my daughters.
The days slipped by while I got rides to college and 9 going to the DMV( 车 管 所 ) at such a busy time of year. Then I got an unexpected 10 , a box with the return address of Radio City Music Hall. 11 , I opened it and shouted in a joyful 12 .
There was my old handbag, with everything 13 good inside—license, cards and photos—and one thing that hadn't been there 14 , a handwritten note, saying, "I found this handbag lying under the seat of my taxi by 15 . Merry Christmas!"
(1)A 、 reached B 、 visited C 、entered D 、 noticed(2)A 、 factories B 、 shops C 、 schools D 、 hospitals(3)A 、 daughters B 、 sons C 、 cousins D 、 parents(4)A 、 subway B 、 car C 、 taxi D 、 bus(5)A 、 covered B 、 hidden C 、 forgotten D 、 stolen(6)A 、 arrived B 、 returned C 、disappeared D 、 challenged(7)A 、 dirty B 、 useful C 、 old D 、 narrow(8)A 、 packed B 、 shown C 、 struck D 、 replaced(9)A 、 put off B 、 brought about C 、suffered from D 、 came out(10)A 、 application B 、 document C 、 schedule D 、 delivery(11)A 、 Confused B 、 Shocked C 、Disappointed D 、 Frightened(12)A 、 voice B 、 word C 、 speed D 、 moment(13)A 、 gradually B 、officially C 、 frequently D 、 completely(14)A 、 though B 、 before C 、 ever D 、yet(15)A 、 comparison B 、 nature C 、 design D 、 accident -
8、 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Some people learn a second language easily.Other people have trouble learning a new language.How can you help yourself learn a new language, such as English?.
◆Be patient.
You do not have to understand everything all at once. We can learn from our mistakes.
◆Practice your English.
For example, write in a journal every day.You will get used to writing in English, and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.After several weeks, you will see that your writing is improving. You can practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes, but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.
◆ .
Be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.If you believe that you can learn, you will learn.
◆Keep a record of your language learning.
After each class, think about what you did.Did you answer a question correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult, but you tried to understand it. It is important to practice every day and make a record of your achievements.You will enjoy learning English, and you will have more confidence in yourself.
A. Feel confident about learning English.
B. Write these achievements in your journal.
C. Besides, you must speak English every day.
D. Making mistakes is an unavoidable part in your life.
E. Share your achievements with your parents and friends.
F. It is natural for you to make mistakes when you learn something new.
G. The following are several tips to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.
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9、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Bogre Udell, who speaks four languages, met Frederico Andrade, who speaks five, at the Parsons New School in New York City.In 2014, they started a project to make the first public records of every language in the world.They've already recorded more than 350 languages, and plan to hit 1,000 in the coming years.
"When humans lose a language, we also lose greater diversity (多样化) in art and traditions,"said Bogre Udell.Between 1950 and 2010, 230 languages disappeared.Today, a third of the world's languages have fewer than 1,000 speakers left.Every two weeks a language dies with its last speaker, and 50 to 90 percent of them are said to disappear by the next century.
Wikitongues has asked for volunteers in 40 countries to film native speakers talking in the past, present,and future tenses of their mother languages.Native speakers are asked to recall childhood, share their stories, and discuss their hopes and goals.One volunteer in the South Pacific islands of Vanuatu recorded a language that had never been studied by language experts before.Another volunteer found a speaker of Ainu, a language in Japan that has no relation to any other known language, and he also recorded it.However, priceless recording opportunities disappear regularly.Not long ago, one of the last two speakers of a Saami language in the Russian steppes died right before his recording session with Wikitongues.
A lack of protection and globalization are responsible for diminishing language diversity.For much of the 20th century, governments across the world forced some local people to use official languages.More than 100 languages in Australia have disappeared since European settlers arrived.However, most languages die today because of other factors; climate change and urbanization contribute (是……的原因之一) greatly to the disappearance of languages.
(1)、What does the author point out in Paragraph 2?A、Language loss is becoming very serious. B、Few people are worried about language loss. C、Language loss makes it difficult for people to communicate. D、Some countries fail to slow down the process of language loss.(2)、How do volunteers help protect languages?A、By writing down native speakers' stories. B、By learning languages from native speakers. C、By improving the living conditions of native speakers. D、By videoing native speakers talking in their languages.(3)、What does the underlined word "diminishing" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A、Creating. B、Valuing. C、Decreasing. D、Encouraging.(4)、What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A、Where language loss spreads. B、What causes language loss. C、How to deal with language loss. D、What language loss brings to people. -
10、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing.Their designers say with these robots,rescuers will be able to have more time to save more lives during an earthquake.
This robot,looking like a helicopter,is called the detector bot.It's about 4 meters long,and it took about 4 years to develop the model.Its main functions are to collect information from the air,and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.
This robot has a high-definition 360-degree panoramic(全景的) camera.It can work day and night and will also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area.
Dr.Qi Juntong,from the Chinese Academy of Science,said,"The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control.We just set the destination(目的地) information on it,and then it takes off,and lands by itself.It flies as high as 3,000 meters,and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour."
This robot has a different function—it can change as the environment changes.Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go.
As well as a detector(探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas,a camera is placed in the 40-centimeter-long robot,which can work in the dark.
Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot.With its 10-meter-long pipe,people who are trapped in the ruins,will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids.
Experts have said that the robots will enter production,and serve as part of the national earthquake rescue team as soon as next year.
(1)、According to the passage,this robot ____.A、is carried by the helicopter B、weighs about 30 kilos C、hasn't been put into production so far D、is a machine with a length of 10 meters(2)、Dr.Qi Juntong thinks this robot is different from the others mainly because ____.A、it has more functions B、it has a unique shape C、it has more advanced cameras D、it can work by itself once given the information(3)、The underlined word"which" in Paragraph 6 refers to "____".A、a detector B、a camera C、a rescuer D、a supply(4)、The text is mainly about ____.A、an introduction to the robot B、what the robot looks like C、how the robot is made D、information about earthquakes -
11、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
We have met, but just not in person.I work in the bank and I usually do my work over the phone and computer.This lady is a borrower of my bank,one of the people I serve.We have had several conversations about her borrowings.She is neither a woman that is of my mother's age, nor a grand-motherly type of client (客户), because men or women of that age are always very loving and they remind me what I should do.This woman is of my age.
We have never met in person.She lives in New Jersey and I live in California.Her borrowings turned out great, and I didn't worry even a little bit.To be honest, I think I just worked normally to finish my service.But every couple of months, she would email me a little note, telling me how I made a difference to her life, and how thankful she was for what I had done.I never expected that.
I have a busy and stressful job.Every day, I meet many people and I offer the same service to them.I also keep a working relationship with many.No one has done that for me.I don't think I have done something different or helped her much.She just used her time and the most shining part in her heart to send me emails.I saw the beauty inside her.
Everyone can be tired and lonely right now.The same is true of the woman.Take a moment in your day to do one little nice thing for somebody,even if it's for someone you do not know.You can make a little difference to their life and also to yours.It feels good to say I feel a little love today and that I find myself showing it to somebody else.
(1)、What can we know about the author and the woman?A、The woman was bad at managing her money. B、They usually discussed their work face to face. C、The author got some useful advice from the woman. D、They knew each other through the banking business.(2)、How did the author probably consider the woman's emails?A、Funny. B、Unnecessary. C、Surprising. D、Embarrassing.(3)、What did the author realize in Paragraph 3?A、He did something special for the woman's borrowings. B、The woman was a sincere and thoughtful stranger. C、He was able and responsible in his work. D、The woman felt tired and lonely in life.(4)、What may the author advise us to do in the last paragraph?A、Be friendly to our workmates. B、Create a plan to be a better self. C、Take some time to think about life. D、Pass on kindness to those around us. -
12、 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Online jobs have opened the door for many people to earn a living (谋生) or make some extra money from the comfort of their homes.This includes teens as well.If you're looking for such a job, here are some choices you can consider.
Customer Service
If you are 16 years old and over, you have a chance to work with Uhaul as a customer service person.You just need to have a good pair of head-phones and high-speed Internet in order to do this job.Basic pay starts at $7.50 an hour.
Sell Items Online
Selling items online is one of the easiest ways to make quick cash.Teens can turn it into a good business by selling things on Bonanza.You need to start sorting through (分类) items at your home that are no longer being used and list them for sale.
Take Surveys
Another easy task teens can do to earn money is to take surveys online.You don't need any work experience to do this and can be as young as 13 years old to get started.Survey sites like VIP Voices,Swagbucks,Harris Poll, E-Poll, and Paid Viewpoint allow teens to start taking surveys for cash and gift cards.And your opinions should be expressed clearly in English.
Etsy
Do you love to make new things? You can open up an Etsy shop to share your works.Etsy is great for DIYers who can create new products.If you are under 18, you just need a parent who is willing to help manage your shop.
(1)、What does Bonanza allow teens to do?A、Learn about computer science. B、Test new products for customers. C、Make money out of their old items. D、Receive training in customer service.(2)、What is required to take surveys online for teens?A、Having a wide range of interests. B、Having a good pair of head-phones. C、Having some related work experience. D、Having a good knowledge of English.(3)、What is special about those who own an Etsy shop?A、They have a creative mind. B、They are interested in history. C、They enjoy buying things online. D、They are good at collecting used things. -
13、 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。(1)、How do students enter the library?A、With a password. B、With a student card. C、With a library account.(2)、How many books can current students borrow at a time?A、At most 11. B、At most 12. C、At most 9.(3)、What kind of books should be returned within one week?A、Books borrowed by local citizens. B、Books published recently. C、Books loved by many people.(4)、What will the speaker do next?A、Tell the students where to buy drinks. B、Show the students around the library. C、Take the students on a campus tour.
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14、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、Why does Lily look sad?A、She quarreled with her friend. B、She argued with her mum. C、She didn't do well in her study.(2)、How much pocket money does Lily get a month?A、20 pounds. B、15 pounds. C、5 pounds.(3)、Why does Lily want more pocket money?A、To get more than her friends. B、To pay for music lessons. C、To buy some clothes.(4)、What does David suggest Lily do?A、Have a talk with her mum. B、Forgive her friends. C、Improve her schoolwork.
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15、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、How does the woman feel when asked about her offer price of the flat?A、Anxious. B、Uncertain. C、Embarrassed.(2)、What is the greatest advantage of the woman's flat?A、Its location. B、Its condition. C、Its size.(3)、Who will the woman talk to later?A、Her parents. B、Her neighbour. C、Her husband.
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16、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、Why does the woman call?A、To offer job information. B、To apply for a job. C、To raise money.(2)、Where is the fund-raising party?A、At the City Hall. B、At Grand Hotel. C、At Temporary Jobs Agency.
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17、 听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。(1)、Where will the woman go for her holiday?A、Dalian. B、Dali. C、Lijiang.(2)、How will the woman go traveling?A、By car. B、By air. C、By train.
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18、What did the woman buy for her mother?A、A coat. B、A necklace. C、Earrings.
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19、Which subject is Emily good at?A、Maths B、English. C、Physics.
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20、When will it be sunny according to the weather forecast?A、Tomorrow. B、Next week. C、The day after tomorrow.