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Anyone keen to view from on high the prosperous cityscape of Guangdong, may soon can do so from the cabin of a flying taxi. On October 13th the Civil Aviation (航空) Administration of China (CAAC) awarded a "type certificate" to the world's first electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL)taxi. And the small two-seater, called the EH216-S, was also permitted to fly without a pilot on board.

The EH216-s is made by EHang, a company based in Guangdong. It looks like a large consumer drone with a passenger bubble installed on top. Propulsion (推动力) is provided by 16 small rotors (转子), installed on the tips of eight arms that fold away when the vehicle is not in use, allowing it to park in small spaces.

The CAAC gave its approval after EHang had conducted more than 40,000 test flights, including with volunteer passengers in 18 cities across China. It also monitored the EH216-s to structural analysis and crash tests, and checked its ability to keep flying if one of its rotors fails. Regulators (监管机构) also inspected the wireless network EHang uses to link its flying taxis to a control centre on the ground. That allows backup pilots to land an aircraft by remote control if there is a problem.

EHang says its pilotless eVTOLs will be quieter than helicopters and much cheaper to operate, thanks to the ability to swap out an expensive pilot for a second paying passenger. The firm also thinks that doing away with pilots will make things safer. A computer's attention never swings, and its reaction operate at a high speed. And it is much easier to automate than driving,for there are fewer barriers and unexpected situations to navigate.

EHang has ambitions beyond China, too. It has carried out demonstration flights in Amèrica and Europe with the aim of obtaining type certificates in both markets. But their regulators both have signalled that they will allow autonomous flights only after the vehicles have proved themselves safe in human hands.

Jim Curry lights a stove in the parking lot of Christ Episcopal Church in Guilford. It'll get up to 2,000 degrees, hot enough to soften the metal of shotgun parts so they can be reshaped.

A crowd is watching, and Curry picks out a 9-year-old named Oliver to help him. "This is really magic," Curry says. "Right before your very eyes, you're gonna see Oliver transform this gun, this instrument of potential harm, into something that could never be a gun ever again. It's gonna be a trowel (泥铲), which could be used to plant flowers in a garden."

"It is exciting," Oliver says. "I love the fact that you can take metal that's random and shape it into something useful."

Curry, a retired priest, is a co-founder of Swords to Plowshares (犁) Northeast, the organization putting on this event, which helps police departments manage their gun buyback programs and repurpose the weapons into gardening tools.

The finished tools are donated to community gardens and agricultural high schools and the harvested vegetables donated to soup kitchens and homeless shelters, according to the group's website.

Retired priest Mary Ann first volunteered with Swords to Plowshares when a family member fell victim to gun violence. She helps collect guns through police buybacks. "When there's such despair now in our country, people need to know that we can change. There is hope," she says.

Curry wears a constant reminder of that hope around his neck. It's two large pieces of metal molded into the shape of a cross. "It's made out of pieces of an AK-47 used for killing", he says. "But God's love breaks it apart, reshapes it, then transforms it into the sign of greatest hope — the cross. And that's why I wear it."

Family dynamics in the animal kingdom are as different as the animals themselves. In the animal world, there are advantages to be gained from being part of an extended family.

Chimpanzees

Chimpanzees are the world's largest living primates. These creatures are peace-loving and may live together for a lifetime. The dominant male has many wives who may stay with him for most of their lives, which can cause everyday conflicts. It is the male who settles the conflicts by a warning stare or hitting the back of the offenders' heads.

Elephants

Females stick together in the elephant world, living in herds under a stateswoman. The experience and knowledge of this elder one, who may be 60-years-old, are of great benefit. She will remember, for example,the location of water holes and seasonal food supplies. In times of danger, the group bunches around the young and it is the stateswoman who decides whether to flee or confront the threat.

Lions

Lions are the only cats to live in a large family group guarded by a pair of powerful males. Family life is relatively harmonious and baby lions may be fed by any mother with milk, so orphaned babies do not starve. Males live in the wilderness for some years before seeking their own pride by challenging resident males in a bloody battle. The male lion protects his pride from other males and enemies.

Ostriches (鸵鸟)

Ostriches travel in bands of 10-50 individuals, the most remarkable birds being the eight-foot-tall males. The largest birds in the world, ostriches cannot fly, but run fast. The wives of the male ostrich all put their eggs in the same nest. A primary female will then join the male to hatch (孵化) the eggs and she will push away other eggs on the outside to ensure her own are in the middle.

Chinese calligraphy is called the art of lines. Practicing calligraphy helps a person to achieve relaxation and inner peace. In the past, children  （train）at an early age to practice writing. Great attention is paid 

 calligraphy today with exhibitions and competitions among both the young and the old.  （learn）calligraphy, one will need a brush, ink, paper, and ink stone, which  （be）commonly recognized as the Four Treasures of Study. As Chinese culture spreads throughout the world nowadays, calligraphy is enjoying  （great）popularity than ever before. Many foreigners are practising it now.  calligraphy uses Chinese characters （汉字）as a way of expression, one does not have to know Chinese to admire its beauty.

1. 语法填空

The 53-year-old craftswoman Ji Yulan, an inheritor （继承人）of the intangible heritage （非物质遗产）of paper-cutting from Xinjiang, has engaged in the art for over 40 years. 

She made paper-cuts of people from all （walk）of life. One of her pieces showed a nurse with long, beautiful hair, wearing a mask and a protective hat. The craftswoman was deeply （impress）by female medical workers cut their long hair to better fit into the protective suits while fighting in the front line against the epidemic. "Women are attractive in long hair and takes a lot of courage to cut it," Ji said. So she created a paper-cutting work to show the image and named the piece The Angel in Harm's Way.

Ji has 12 students, aged from 3 to 

23. She often encourages her students to create works based on a younger mindset. "I am （extreme）positive about the future of the craft. The younger generation have a real sense of responsibility to protect （culture）heritage."

When a thought has found words

Poetry is the forgotten child of literature. Few people read it for pleasure. In Western high schools, poetry is seldom taught because it is considered to be out of date and have little to do with the life of today's students.

However, compared with the situation in the West, poetry is still an important part of the curriculum （课程）in China. Recently, the Ministry of Education has increased the number of ancient Chinese poems for students to memorize and recite, from 14 to 

72. Why is it important to learn poems? 

First of all, poetry is a necessary part of learning traditional Chinese culture. It is a path to understanding your history and your society. It is also the key to understanding the thoughts and feelings that are common to everyone but that we may be unable to express, the joy of Li Bai dancing with the moon, for example. Everyone has feelings of joy, love, loneliness, sadness and even anger, and a good poem can put those feelings into words and bring us self-understanding. 

Poems can also express beauty. In a few short lines, even something common can become beautiful. Here is a poem called Fog by Carl Sandberg: The fog comes/on silent haunches （弓腰）/and then moves on. Yes, a fog does move smoothly, silently and like a cat, and Sandberg catches that feeling and image, and makes it beautiful. 

Of course, to really enjoy poetry, it has to be read aloud. After all, a poem is really just a song without music. Most ancient poems, like Homer's Epics （《荷马史诗》）and China's Book of Songs, were spoken for hundreds of years before they were written.

The American poet Robert Frost said, "Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought and the thought has found words." You are lucky that you now have seventy-two poems to learn!

You throw a flying disc （飞盘）. Your friend catches it. Well done! 

Flying discs are fun toys. They are becoming popular in China. On the Internet, there are more than thousands of posts about disc games, talking about things like rules and dress codes. 

Flying discs are very beginner-friendly. It is easy for anyone to throw a disc almost anywhere they want to, from a field to a beach. No special skills are needed. Boys and girls can also play together, making it a good activity to socialize.  

For those who want to compete, there are many choices. They can try the team disc sport called "ultimate". There are no judges. You must overcome your desire to cheat. Put simply, it makes us better people. In another game called "disc golf", players try to hit faraway targets with a disc. Like in golf, the lowest number of throws wins.

 They started with pie tins （烤盘）, which inspired the birth of the toy. After enjoying the pies, some university students soon found that the empty pie tins could be tossed （扔）around. They had great fun with them in the 1930s. In 1948, a man named Walter made a plastic disc with his partner Warren.  The discs quickly became popular. 

A. It could fly farther and higher than a pie tin. 

B. Flying discs have a history of nearly 100 years. 

C. Unlike other games, it encourages honesty and fair play. 

D. All these make the flying discs popular with young people today. 

E. In fact, young people enjoyed this fun activity almost a century ago. 

F. Social activities like attending parties will improve your communicative skills. 

Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees （大猩猩）, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.

Many kinds of birds are successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator （掠食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.

Birds called cuckoos （布谷鸟）have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.

Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will put out its hand to the other chimp. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.

Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then others chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.

As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.

Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 

1451. As a teenager, he loved sailing, and he showed great interest in geography, which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman. 

Columbus stuck to searching for a direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean. After trying many times, he received financial support from the King and Queen of Spain. On 3 August 1492, he set off from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen. His adventure was full of challenges: it took longer than expected, they faced the lack of food, and one of the ships was leaking badly, which put everyone on this ship in great danger. The men on board were in panic. Although they faced so many challenges, Columbus managed to keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean. Finally, on 12 October, the crew found land in the distance. Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he believed that he was in the East Indies. However, the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean, not the East Indies. 

Between 1493 and 1504, Columbus found more land over the course of the following three voyages. The major contribution of this great explorer is that he "discovered" the New World. His discovery encouraged explorers such as Captain James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world. His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration.

Henry remembers the day well. It was a day that would change his life. He was sitting at the kitchen table, watching his ten-year-old granddaughter, Sophia, do her homework. She had asked him a question about history and was now 1 him with big brown eyes, waiting for an answer. Henry looked at the kettle and then out of the kitchen window. Henry can still hear himself say, "I'm sorry, my dear. I don't know."

Henry had spent forty years working as a librarian in a school. He was now 2  and spent his days looking after Sophia. However, he felt that he should be doing more with his life, though he was in his seventies with grey hair and 3  wrinkles in his forehead （额头）. As Sophia continued her homework, he read an article in the newspaper about the health 4  of older people going back to university. The article said that it kept the brain 5  and helped prevent loneliness. He made the 6  there and then. The next morning, he would go to Birkbeck, University of London and take a 7  in history. 

After four years, Henry got his degree in history. "8 the course has given me such a sense of achievement," he says. "It has also made me 9 about doing all the other things that I've never had the courage to try before. It's 10 too old to learn."

Zhang Shuo became a winner of Labor Day Medal of this year. Before that, he was 1 with the title of "the Most Beautiful Worker" on April 30,

2022. 

Zhang Shuo got a job of designing advertisements in Harbin in 

2015. Two years later, he decided to return to his hometown, Dongsheng Village in Hegang, to help his aging parents with their rice farm. He started his job as a food deliveryman （快递员）in 

2018. "I just wanted to use the off season of farming to 2 some money, and I didn't plan on it becoming a permanent （ 长 期 的 ）job," he said. "I found the 3 development space, so I decided to 4 and do better."

Zhang Shuo was always attaching more importance to the quality of service than the quantity of orders. In late December 2018, a snowstorm 5 deliverymen to take food to customers on foot. To prevent the food from getting cold, Zhang Shuo 6 the food with his coat. Around two hours later, the customer received his food and it was still 7 . Every time Zhang Shuo finished a（n）8 , he would take away the rubbish outside his customer's door, which brought him lots of good reviews.

In June, 2019, Zhang Shuo became the manager of the delivery operations of Meituan in Hegang City. Since then, he began to find more ways to help young villagers get out of poverty （贫穷）and increase their 9 . "I hope to recruit （招募）more excellent young people and double the size of my team in the future," he said. "10 , I hope to lead more local people to a better life."

Once upon a time, there was a shepherd （牧羊人）. He 1  dozens of sheep. He tended （照料）the sheep in the daytime, and kept them in the sheepfold （羊圈）at night.

One morning, the shepherd found that one sheep was 2 . His neighbor helped him check the sheepfold. "There is a hole in the wall of your sheepfold. A wolf went in through the hole, and took the sheep away at night. You should 3 the sheepfold quickly and fill up the hole," the neighbor said.

However, the shepherd was 4 to the neighbor's advice. He replied, "I have already lost the sheep. It is no 5 repairing the sheepfold." The next morning, the shepherd found that another sheep was gone.

The neighbor said, "If you had 6 my advice, you wouldn't have made the same mistake. Aren't you going to take action right now?"

The shepherd filled up the hole 7  at once. After that, 8  of his sheep was taken away by the wolf. 

If there is a mistake, we should 9  it as soon as possible. In this way, we can avoid more 10 . 

It was July 2019 and my mum Rebecca was taking me on a 120km walking holiday from Portugal to Spain as a special treat for my 10th birthday. One day, while walking along the coastal path staring out at the Atlantic ocean, I chatted away to Mum. "When Lexi turns.10, are you going to take her on a trip like this?" I asked, referring to my seven-year-old sister. Mum said Lexi had already asked to go to Svalbard in the north of Norway because she was crazy about polar bears.

Although I was still on my first special trip, I'd been learning about ancient civilizations at school and knew I'd love to see some relics in the flesh. So I continued saying, "Why don't I go to Egypt while you're in Svalbard with Lexi?", adding that my dad, Olaf, could take me there. "Great, but I'm not paying for it." Muim replied, chuckling. "That's fine. I'll pay," I said, "I'll save up my pocket money and get a job."

So that's exactly what I did. Though I was too young to do any other paid work, I had my own solution. I started saving my $10-a-week pocket money. Also, I washed my parents'car or mowed the lawn for extra cash.

In 2020, we moved to Perth. One day, I saw a pamphlet（小册子） in the letter box advertising a job delivering catalogues. When I told Mum I wanted to do it, she tried to put me off the idea, reminding me that the work was tiring and time-consuming. But when seeing the determination in my eyes, she agreed to call them. Thankfully, my young age didn't bother them-I got the job. On a Monday, a mountain of catalogues were dropped off at our house, which shocked me a lot. I told myself to calm down and dedicated to work. It took me nine hours to sort through them. At first, I used my bike and carried the catalogues in my backpack to deliver them to 430 houses in my area.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After several deliveries, I found it wasn't very efficient.

Three and a half years later, I saved a massive $6,500, and Dad and I flew to Cairo, Egypt.

1.活动介绍；

2.内容要求。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Chris,

How are you doing?

Yours,

Li Hua

A composting (堆肥) program at The Wesley School in Los Angeles is helping students get hands-on experience and ways  (handle) human-driven climate change. For the past year, all the leftover food waste from the school has gone into composting containers rather than a landfill  it would be buried and would produce planet-warming gases.

The school's composting program (come) into being in 2022, and this year, the school held a （celebrate) to reveal what happened inside a series of five-foot-tall containers. Steven Wynbrandt, a local farmer composting consultant who has helped the school with its program, broke the ties that held the container closed. Rich black compost spilled out from the container.

The school will use the compost on plants around campus. Some will  (offer) to families that want to use it at home, and whatever is left will be donated.

It takes two hours for the container to be emptied and prepared to receive next day's lunch leftovers. The other containers remain full of food waste that is in the process of (break) down. Decorated (poster) on the outside of each container indicate when they can be opened so that the next generation of plants on campus can benefit the rich soil.

Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She 1  herself as an ambitious and adventurous child and owes the Duke of Edinburgh Award to her love for 2 . James says she could never have 3  that one day she might be the youngest British woman to 4  the peak of Mount Everest.

Today, James is a(n) 5 adventurer. Alongside her successful climb of the world's 6 peak in 2007, she was a member of the first all-female team to 7 a tiring 650-kilometre ski race to the Magnetic North Pole in 2005, and in 2014 she set the 8 for the longest non-stop open-sea kayak crossing in UK waters.

Yet ahead of her first exploration at the age of 18, James had 9 her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. "It's only by 10 our comfort zone that we understand our true potential," she explains, "That's when the 11 happens."

James encourages would-be adventurers not to be 12 by the conventional image of the rugged (粗犷的), hardy explorer. "I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring 13 to an exploration," she adds, "Sometimes, it's only out in the field that someone's 14 talents emerge, 15 in the process of exploration."

How to Deal with Awkward Silences

We all know what it's like when a conversation dies off and you're left to sit in silence. Thankfully, filling these silences isn't as difficult as it may seem. Read on to learn how to initiate small talk and deal with awkward silences.

• Think of topics ahead of time.

Before attending a social event, think of a few "go-to" topics to jumpstart a dead conversation. This will help you to fill the silences instead of struggling for words in the moment. Recent news, local events, popular books and television shows are all good fallback options.

• Ask open-ended questions.

Ask questions that have more than one possible answer. They help avoid resulting in short response. For example, instead of asking, "Did you like your high school?", you could ask, "What did you like about your high school?"

•

As with any good conversation, the biggest key is to listen. If they respond to your question with a short statement such as "Yes"or "No", that might indicate that they aren't comfortable talking about a particular subject. Instead, talk about something that you know they're interested in. For example, "I heard you won your football game the other night. I'd love to hear about it."

• Give a compliment (表扬).

For example, you could say, "I really like your shirt. Where did you get it?" This could move the conversation in another direction while making the other person feel good. Stick to saying nice things if you're trying to make small talk.

A．Keep the conversation flowing.

B．It also allows you to spend more time together.

C．Listen carefully and respond to their reactions.

D．There's only one word to describe it: awkward.

E．This is always a safe bet, as long as it's appropriate.

F．Such questions are likely to get the person talking more.

G．However, avoid some subjects that may cause arguments.

When people think of word innovators throughout history, male writers likely come to mind. Shakespeare is credited with inventing more than 1,700 words, including "bedroom", "courtship" and "swagger". Charles Dickens is said to have first used the words "butterfingers" and "doormat", and Dr. Seuss reportedly came up with "nerd".

But despite contributions from famous writers, historians say another group has an even greater impact on the development of language: teenage girls. Women lead up to 90 percent of linguistic (语言的) changes, as sociolinguist William Labov observed in the early 2000s. In fact, he wrote, women are often linguistically ahead of men "by a full generation".

Now women are leading the charge online. Though Oxford University Press'2023 word of the year, "rizz", meaning charm, was coined by a man, several runners-up, including "situationship" and "swiftie" were inspired or first used by women. The term "goblin mode", which refers to lazy behavior, was Oxford's 2022 word of the year and appears to have been first used by a woman on Twitter in 2009.

It's often impossible to tell who first used new words. But whether or not young girls invent new phrases, they are more likely to be early adopters of the latest lingo (术语), says University of Toronto linguist Sali Tagliamonte, "They're pushing changes forward."

There are a handful of possible reasons why girls lead lexical (词汇的) innovation. According to Gretchen McCulloch, author of Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language, women tend to be more socially aware. They have larger social circles and may be exposed to more language diversity. And because women tend to be caregivers, boys usually learn language from their mothers, whereas women and girls learn words from other women.

Almost all new parents struggle to get enough sleep while caring for their newborns. For some penguin (企鹅) parents, though, periods of sleep are especially short.

Researchers recently found that Chinstrap penguins only sleep for about four seconds at a time in order to protect their eggs and newborn chicks. They do this thousands of times throughout the day. The short "microsleeps" total around 11 hours each day. The microsleeps appear to be enough to keep the parents going for many weeks.

Niels Rattenborg, a sleep researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence in Germany, said, "What's surprising is that the penguins are able to function okay and successfully raise their young."

Chinstrap penguins usually lay their eggs in November in nests made up of small rocks. Mated (交配的) pairs share parenting responsibilities. One parent usually watches the eggs and chicks alone while the other goes off fishing for family meals. Adult penguins don't face many natural enemies in the mating season. But large birds called brown skuas eat the penguin eggs and small chicks. Other adult penguins may also try to steal the small rocks from the nests, so penguin parents must always be on guard.

For the first time, scientists followed the sleeping behavior of Chinstrap penguins. They did this by attaching devices that measure brain waves. They collected data on 14 adults over 11 days on King George Island off the coast of Antarctica.

Won Young Lee, a biologist at the Korean Polar Research Institute, thought of the idea for the study when he saw mating penguins often blinking (眨) their eyes and possibly sleeping. But the team needed to record brain waves to confirm the animals were sleeping. "For these penguins, microsleeps have some restorative functions," he said. He added that they would not survive without it.

The researchers didn't collect sleep data outside the mating season. But they suspect that the penguins may sleep for longer periods at other times of the year.

The memory of one particular summer evening is still burned in my brain as if it were yesterday. There was nothing but wide-open fields for miles and miles around our rural Minnesota home. We never saw strangers not ever and here on this hot evening was a real live one walking up our driveway.

A young man, a slightly-built hitchhiker (搭便车的人) approached our door. He knew there was a storm coming, and he desperately needed shelter. Not wanting to intrude on our home and family, he asked my dad if he could sleep in our basement for the night for protection from the rain. Instead of saying yes, my dad loaded us all up in the 1959 Chevrolet: five kids, my mum, and the man.

Our family consisted of three older children whose father had died young and three more children from the union of my mother and father. Our older brother Jerry was in the Navy, on a ship somewhere overseas. Our mum and dad worried about him.

We drove him 10 miles to the next town, where Dad bought the man a room for the night along with a hot evening meal. In the car after we dropped off the stranger, I heard my dad say to my mum, "I just hope that if Jerry ever needs anything, this kindness will be returned to him."

Weeks later, Dad told my uncle about the young man. My uncle suggested that perhaps my dad shouldn't have taken the risk of having a stranger in our car. My dad replied, "You are absolutely right. I should have invited him into our home."