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Are you sleeping restlessly, forgetting little things, and feeling depressed and lonely? Don't worry. We've all been there. You're probably just stressed out.

Stress isn't always a bad thing. It can be handy for a burst of extra energy and focus, like when you're playing a competitive sport, or have to speak in public.

But when it's continuous, the kind of situation most of us face daily, it actually begins to change your brain. Chronic （长期的） stress, like being overworked or having arguments at home frequently, can affect brain size, its structure, and how it functions, right down to the level of your genes.

As levels of cortisol （皮质醇） rise, electric signals in your hippocampus （海马体）, the part of the brain associated with learning, memories, and stress control, decline. When the hippocampus weakens, so does your ability to control your stress.

That's not all, though. Cortisol can literally cause your brain to get smaller in size. Too much of it results in the shrinking of the part of your brain that regulates behaviors like concentration, decision-making, judgement, and social interaction.

 It also leads to fewer new brain cells being made in the hippocampus. This means chronic stress might make it harder for you to learn and remember things, and also set the stage for more serious mental problems, like depression and eventually Alzheimer's disease.

It's not all bad news, though. There are many ways to change what cortisol does to your stressed brain. The most powerful weapons are exercise and getting into deep thoughts, which involves breathing deeply and being aware and focused on your surroundings. Both of these activities decrease your stress and increase the size of the hippocampus, and therefore your memory improves.

So don't feel defeated by the pressures of daily life. Get control of your stress before it takes control of you.

Sammie Vance is an extraordinary kid. She was just named one of People's Girls Changing the World in 2021, and she is only 12 years old.

The seventh grader from Indiana is collecting bottle caps to upcycle （升级改造） them into benches for her school and neighborhood parks. But these benches are more than just for sitting. There are many kids in her school who have trouble finding friends.

Sammie learned about buddy （同伴） benches at a camp she attended one summer. At the camp, there were benches set up for children feeling lonely. They would sit down, signaling to other kids that they were in need of a friend.

She loved the idea and told others, "This would be really cool to have them at my school." Then she sprang into action by initiating a meeting with her president and the Parent-Teacher Association to present her idea.

Sammie used a comic strip （连环画） she created to show how a simple bench could help classmates understand when one of their own needed a friend. The adults were surely impressed by her initiative but were more impressed with how she planned to make the benches.

Sammie continued her efforts and expanded her project to collect more benches for other schools. She made an online page where she calls for others to follow her journey and make bottle cap donations.

Today, Sammie has helped fix 200 recycled benches in schools and neighborhoods and she has no plans to stop. She knows first-hand that a young age has no limitations to impacting the world. "I just look forward to making a difference," she said, "and inspiring other people to make a difference."

Hiking on mountains offers both physical challenges and sweeping views. The author of America's Great Mountain Trails, Tim Palmer, shares some favorite paths with us.

Algonquin Peak, New York

The Adirondacks were one of the first areas in the country to attract outdoor vacationers, Palmer says. "The trails there have been hiked for centuries." But this outing near Lake Placid still delivers, reaching the top of New York's second-highest mountain. "You start out in the forest and end up above tree line. It's a big climb with a long view across an ocean of peaks."

More information: www.visitadirondacks.com

Humbug Mountain, Oregon

This southeast Oregon peak is among the state's tallest, rising directly from the ocean, which rewards visitors with dramatic Pacific views. Palmer, who lives in the region, says the state park trail offers old-growth forest scenery and a good mountain hike. The area doesn't get a lot of snow, making it possible to climb in all seasons.

More information: www.stateparks.Oregon.gov

Wheeler Peak, New Mexico

The highest peak in New Mexico dominates the Sangre de Cristo Range near Taos. Hikers on the 8-mile out-and-back trail through Carson National Forest sometimes see bighorn sheep. "It's a long walk above timberline （林木线） with grand views of the very southern end of the Rocky Mountains," Palmer says.

More information: www.fs.usda.gov

Youghiogheny Loop, Pennsylvania

Whitewater rafters know the challenging rapids on the Youghiogheny River, but the area is also ideal for hiking, Palmer says. "There are waterfalls and rapids and trees that have been growing for 100 years and longer. It's one of these great hikes that most people can do."

More information: www.dcnr.pa.gov

Lily has finally become a good dancer now, all thanks to Shanda's presence(存在). Of all the people in Lily's life, Shanda in particular stands out. As Lily thinks of Shanda, a smile spreads across her face, She feels loved and grateful more than ever that she has such a teacher and friend. 

Eleven years of dance and going on twelve that year, she doubted it would end up like any other year. She might be stuck in any empty spot and didn't know what to do with her next dance move. Little did she know that year would change her completely. 

That year, Lily felt lucky that Shanda would choreograph（编舞）for her dance, Lily expected to work with Shanda, a young talented dancer, to have an okay dance, but she never expected she would have such an impressive impact on her way to dance. 

The moment Lily walked into the marble floored, wall—to—wall mirrored rooms, she already felt like Shanda had faith in her. Shanda smiled at her with appreciative eyes. In the following days, Shanda always encouraged her, "Work to the best of your ability and keep going." When she wanted to give up, Shanda told her that the real importance of dance was to love it. 

Throughout their hard work and devotion, not only did Lily' s ability to dance grow, but also their friendship grew. Shanda became more than a teacher to Lily. She was also a close friend that Lily could turn to for anything. Shanda gave her encouragement when Lily needed edit the most, and Shanda was always there to cheer Lily up when she felt down. 

As the year quickly came to an end, it was high time for Lily to show her dance to the audience. As she walked to the backstage filled with other dancers warming up and expecting their performance, she prayed for a good performance that would convey her improvement. The rhythmic music before her rang in her ears. She waited anxiously for her turn. Finally, after what seemed like days, the hostess announced "Lily". 

注意： 1. 续写词数应为 150 左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Lily had butterflies in her stomach as she stepped onto the big stage. 

……

Lily felt very excited when the hostess asked her to make a speech. 

注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

参考词汇：博大精深的 broad and profound   高铁high-speed trains   共享单车shared bikes

Dear Mike,

……

Yours,

Li Hua

With the development of modern technology, people can stay   (connect) with their families and friends easily, however far apart they are from each other. WeChat is one of the most  (frequent) used means of communication in China. It is reported that the number of the WeChat user(reach) over 1.1 billion so far.

Once joining the WeChat, people can find more and more people start to add them friends. They don't have to consider time zones when communicating. Another reason why it's so popular that it costs nothing. It's also very convenient for people to immediately update they are doing by WeChat.

However,  (addict) to WeChat will rob people of the time that should otherwise (spend) on something more important. And the many so-called friends on it are not really friends at all, simply want to put ads or sell items on Moments. Besides, people on the WeChat are more likely (compare) themselves with others, which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be successful.

A little penguin, named Mercy afterwards, arrived at the Bonorong Wildlife Hospital. He was in really bad condition. "The penguin was 1  , not doing so well and needed fattening up," said Petra Harris, the hospital manager. Little penguins were the smallest species of penguins on Earth but sadly in 2  numbers. 

 3  , with the help of a team of wildlife keepers, Mercy regained full health and was 4  back into the wild. Mercy's story has now been made into a video and was 5  on social media platforms on World Penguin Day on April 25. In the 6  , Ms Harris said a man 7  Mercy looking unwell and contacted them through their rescue line. Rescuers went to 8  Mercy and brought him back. The vet（兽医）team did a full 9  on him. "We X-rayed him to check for any injuries that weren't 10  . To their 11  , it turned out that Mercy was just a little underweight. 

Mercy was 12  to fatten up at the hospital until he could swim. Then he was released at dawn so that he could spend the day fishing before returning to his burrow（洞穴）. "It's a comfort for us to see animals go back where they 13  ," Ms Harris said. "Mercy was the lucky one that gets to have a second 14  at life, and it's certainly very 15  for us to make it."

Many students study by reading their notes and textbooks over and over again. But studies show there are more effective ways to help you study smarter. 

 Many students know what they are expected to do. Yet many often fail to plan ahead. So they need first to set a reachable target. Break it into pieces and make them happen one by one. It may seem strange at first. But after two weeks or more, it becomes a normal thing. 

Don't just reread. Rereading is like looking at the answer to a puzzle, rather than doing it yourself. It looks like it makes sense. But until you try it yourself, you don't really know if you understand it.

Find examples. Abstract concepts can be hard to understand. It tends to be far easier to form a mental image if you have a concrete example of something.On its own, that concept might be hard to remember. But if you think about a lemon or vinegar, it becomes easier! 

Dig deeper. It's hard to remember countless facts and figures if you don't push further. Ask why things are a certain way. How did they come about? Why do they matter? Psychologists call this elaboration(深究). It's taking class material and asking many how and why questions about it.

Practice more. Musicians practice their instruments. Athletes practice sports skills. In a study, students took practice tests over several weeks. On the final test, they scored more than a full letter grade better, on average, than did students who studied the way they normally had. 

As a teen, Cynthia Nebel studied by reading her textbooks, worksheets and notebooks. "Over and over and over again," recalls this psychologist at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tenn. Now, she adds, "we know that's one of the most common bad study skills that students have."

A. Make a budget and save it.

B. Make a plan and stick to it.

C. The same should go for learning.

D. However, not all can apply to students.

E. In other words, don't just accept facts at face value.

F. Sadly, reading books and notes repeatedly is common for many students.

G. For instance, sour foods usually taste that way because they contain an acid（酸）.

The United States space agency, NASA, says its Mars exploration vehicle recently recorded a high level of methane（甲烷） gas on the planet. The discovery is exciting because the presence of methane gas could support the case for life on Mars. 

NASA's Curiosity vehicle recently recorded the largest level of methane ever measured during its 7-year Mars mission.

Methane has no color or smell. A special instrument on Curiosity's Mars Science Laboratory recorded the increased gas level. It measures levels of chemical elements and gases in the Martian atmosphere. In addition to methane, it can record levels of water and carbon dioxide. Nearly all the methane gas found in Earth's atmosphere is produced by living things. It usually comes from animal and plant life. But it can also be formed by geological (地质的) processes, such as interactions between rocks and water.

It was not the first time that Curiosity had found methane gas in the Martian atmosphere. About a year ago, NASA announced that Curiosity had discovered sharp seasonal increases in the gas. This time NASA said the measured methane gas level was clearly larger than any others observed in the past. "It's exciting because microbial (微生物的) life is an important source of methane on Earth," NASA said in a statement announcing the discovery.

However, Curiosity's team carried out a follow-up methane experiment that showed a sharp drop in levels of the gas. "That number was close to the background levels Curiosity sees all the time," NASA said. The rise and fall of the methane gas levels left NASA scientists with more questions than answers.

"The methane mystery continues," said Ashwin Vasavada, Curiosity's project scientist, "we're more active in keeping measuring and putting our brains together to figure out how methane behaves in the Martian atmosphere."

Wherever we go, we are surrounded by history. Across the globe, cultural heritage is passed down through generations. It is in the buildings and structures around us. It is in the arts and artifacts (手工艺品 ) we treasure. It lives in the languages we speak and the stories we tell. But today, it is under attack as never before. Not only is the damage of time intimidating our cultural heritage, but wars, climate change, globalization and tourism are all exacting a heavy price. Technology is now the most important weapon in the battle. Here's how technology is preserving our cultural heritage.

As you can imagine, creating the replicas (复制品 ) via crowdsourced 2D images is extremely time-consuming. Increasingly, artificial intelligence (AI) is being used to do all the required sourcing, allowing millions of images to be stored in a matter of hours. AI will also make restoration-and-preservation of existing cultural heritage far easier and much better than former methods. 

Virtual reality (VR) technology will play a leading role in preserving our cultural heritage in the coming years. Many of the most important sites and architecture are easily damaged. Human interaction with these locations is doing a great deal of harm. Wastes left could be seen everywhere, causing many problems. As more cultural heritage sites and objects are digitally mapped and recorded, VR technology will increasingly become the way that people experience them. We'll all eventually be able to walk through places, look at and touch artifacts and works of art without ever seeing them with our own eyes.

Finally, our cultural heritage will be preserved via technology. Efforts in research, innovation (创新), data sharing and project work will help promote and preserve the cultural heritage of countries all across the world.