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Unlike traditional tools that listen from one spot, DAS can use the whole length of the cable as a sensor. This allows scientists to find the exact place of a whale and track its direction.

The researchers have already proven that DAS works for large baleen whales (大型须鲸). In a test, they recorded the sounds of fin whales and blue whales by using it. Now, they face a new challenge: Seeing if it works for killer whales. Killer whales use high-frequency clicks, which are harder to detect (监测).

This research is important. The local killer whales, known as Southern Residents, are disappearing, with only about 75 left. They face three main threats: underwater noise from ships, a lack of their main food — Chinook salmon, and toxic pollution. Ship noise can cover up the killer whales' clicks, making it hard for them to hunt the already few salmon.

If successful, the DAS system could provide real-time data on where the killer whales are. For example, if scientists detect killer whales moving towards a busy shipping lane, they could tell nearby ferries to slow down or reduce noise, giving the whales a safer path. The method could also open a new window into killer whales' behavior and communication.

With thousands of miles of cables already on ocean floors worldwide, this technology could create a huge global network for monitoring underwater life and helping with conservation efforts.

Halloween has been around for centuries, as a pagan (异教徒的) holiday in ancient Ireland during which people celebrated and "communicated" with visiting spirits. Initially Halloween was all about mischief, which may sound harmless, but used to have far more negative connotations. Before the 1930s, "trick-or-treating" was associated with groups of young men going door to door to play tricks such as throwing cabbages at houses or stealing garden gates.

Nowadays, trick-or-treaters tend to be children on the hunt for sweets. Going door to door for treats in Ireland was accompanied by the phrase, "Help the Halloween party". It was only in the 1980s that it became standard to hear choruses of "trick or treat", thanks to the classic 1982 film ET. As with many American cultural imports, not everyone was pleased about this development--in fact in 2009, The Telegraph ran the headline, "Halloween: Trick, Treat And A Total Travesty?".

In the 20th century, typical treats included candy apples, jelly beans and candy corn. These days, you are more likely to be met with Haribo Starmix and fun-sized Mars Bars (although if you are old enough to be reading Reader's Digest, you can probably expect to be turned away at the door should you attempt to go trick-or-treating this year).

The most popular Halloween costumes have also changed in the last hundred years, shifting from cowboys and witches to Marvel superheroes. This year, after a Halloween night spent braving horror films and turning away children desperate for free sweets, you can at least sleep easy at night knowing that things have changed since the 1920s--and you'll probably wake up with your garden gate where you left it!

These words, like lines from a poem, are from Robin, who founded the Bumi Sehat Bali Clinic in central Ubud. Now the clinic provides treatment or educational support for over 100, 000 people annually.

Giving birth to her first child at nineteen, Robin moved to Hawaii after college, working for several years on a farm, where she taught farming practices and poetry. But in 1991, she received heartbreaking news. Her idyllic life on the farm was turned upside down when her sister, expecting a child in Alabama, died of pregnancy complications (孕娠并发症) .

"When my dear sister passed away, I realized mothers were dying everywhere. In countries with increased poverty, some people can't afford to go to the hospital. What motivated me initially was my love for my sister, but this soon grew into a concern for mothers and children all over the world." Robin's feelings for her sister were transformed into a desire to help women everywhere in need.

To ensure that children are born healthy, nutritionally balanced meals are provided for expecting mothers free of charge. Those who lack housing are free to stay as long as it is necessary. The clinic also sees patients of all ages who have symptoms unrelated to childbirth, while providing facilities for language learning and IT education, and annually training over 6, 000 nursing and midwifery (助产) students, backed by a scholarship program.

Just as Robin said, love is to be found inside the Bumi Schat Bali Clinic. Perhaps feelings of showing kindness toward others and wanting to make the world a better place are the key to a brighter tomorrow.

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Li Hua