相关试卷
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1、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
In America, the "Big Dig", a highway project that resulted in a mess of traffic in the centre of Boston for years, came in five times over its initial budget. Even the Germans get huge projects wrong. Conception to operation of Berlin Brandenburg Airport has taken 30 years, with seven missed opening dates. The airport ended up costing $8.2 billion. However, the original estimate was about $2.7 billion.
Huge projects like Berlin Brandenburg Airport are the subject of an amusing new book called How Big Things Get Done by Bent Flyvbjerg and Dan Gardner. Mr. Flyvbjerg sets up a database of over 16, 000 projects and data analysis reveals that only 8.5% of the projects meet their initial estimates on cost and time, and 0.5% of them achieve what they set out to do on cost, time and benefits.
Over-optimistic time and cost estimates originate from both psychological and political perceptions: the reliance on intuition (直觉) rather than data, and a problem that Mr. Flyvbjerg calls "strategic misrepresentation". This is when budgets are intentionally reduced in order to get things going. And once the projects are under way, they will not be stopped, because money spent on them will thus be wasted.
Mr. Flyvbjerg speaks highly of Pixar's methodical approach to developing and testing films in great detail before they go into production. He also tells the story of how Frank Gehry's well-developed architectural models helped ensure the success of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao. Narrowing down the producing window of a project before it is actually carried out reduces the probability of unexpected events.
Big customized projects are particularly likely to run into trouble. However, the more a project can be divided into standardized processes, the better its prospects are. Projects run into problems for specific reasons as well as general ones: Britain's trouble is not something that China has to worry about, for instance. But the iron law is that if you plan strictly and standardize where possible, you are less likely to dig yourself into a hole.
(1)、How does the author introduce the topic of the passage?A、By making a contrast. B、By giving an explanation. C、By presenting examples. D、By showing an experience.(2)、What message does Bent Flyvbjerg's data analysis convey?A、Projects' success rates can be estimated. B、Projects' desired outcome can't be achieved. C、Most projects suffer overspending and delays. D、Most projects lack comprehensive data analysis.(3)、What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A、Failures in decision-making. B、Methods of reducing massive costs. C、Strategies for getting work done. D、Reasons behind inaccurate estimates.(4)、What is the key to preventing projects getting into trouble?A、Planning thoroughly in advance. B、Analyzing specific and general reasons. C、Focusing on efficiency of projects. D、Drawing lessons from former experiences. -
2、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
Read a few news headlines and you'll see some common themes: the rising number of languages dying worldwide, the isolation of individual last speakers, and the wider cultural loss for humanity. These stories often mention how people try to protect such languages. However, they tend to focus less on how such efforts actually help speakers of endangered languages. Such efforts sometimes help, sometimes harm, and sometimes do both.
Encouraging someone to keep speaking a declining minority language could certainly boost his or her sense of identity. But when a bigger language is adopted somewhere, it doesn't remove everything that came before. Often, intense contact between big and small languages leads to a new mixture - for example, Sheng in Kenya and Tsotsitaal in South Africa. In other cases, such language contact results in a new localized dialect. As linguist Peter Trudgill argues, this can also hold a highly local identity.
Sure enough, enabling a people to use their traditional language can make them feel better about themselves. But is it really helping them? Simply adding your ancestral language as a new school subject isn't very helpful if your school is falling down, or you're not eating well. To think anything much can be solved just by performing CPR (心肺复苏) in a minority language is to ignore how complicated human society is and how many different simultaneous (同时的) needs we have.
In Québec, Canada, just under 75% of residents have French as their native language, but the percentage has fallen over the past five years. In 2022, the Québec Legislature passed Bill 96, which requires people to only use French for official speech and writing. This is an example of the prioritization of language, yet it's unclear whether the law will actually improve Québec residents' lives, or even help preserve French in Québec.
So promoting endangered languages can be a positive force, but we shouldn't assume that's universally true. It is especially difficult for a language expert to say so. Perhaps we should focus less on languages themselves, and pay more attention to the lives of the people who speak them.
(1)、What do the news stories about languages usually focus on?A、The efforts to save endangered languages. B、The future development of our languages. C、The cultural functions of languages worldwide. D、The problem with promoting language uniformity.(2)、What can a bigger adopted language bring about according to Peter Trudgill?A、The separation from the past. B、The enrichment of local cultures. C、The loss of social interaction. D、The preservation of people's identity.(3)、What can be inferred about saving endangered languages?A、It will take ages to see its effect. B、It requires more attention to native speakers. C、It will guarantee a win-win result. D、It needs more focus on languages themselves.(4)、Which of the following is the best title for the text?A、How to Improve Minority Language Speakers' Life B、How to Boost Minority Language speakers' Identity C、Promotion of French in Canada: Fruitful or Fruitless D、Endangered Language Protection: Helpful or Harmful -
3、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
David Chipperfield, the British designer known for his minimalist and inclusive spaces, has won the Pritzker Prize, often called "the Nobel Prize of architecture". With this honor, he joins the company of groundbreaking designers such as Frank Gehry, Zaha Hadid, Richard Rogers and Oscar Niemeyer.
Chipperfield has distinguished his works by creating sharp, minimalist socially conscious buildings. The Pritzker committee wrote, "His architectural language balances consistency with the fundamental design principles and flexibility towards the local cultures ... The work of David Chipperfield harmonizes European classicism, the complex nature of Britain and even the delicateness of Japan."
In 1997, Chipperfield's firm was chosen to renovate Berlin's Neues Museum, which was a mess long after being damaged by World War I. Chipperfield approached the project in honor of the building's history. For more than a decade, he searched through stones and bricks from the original structure for pieces to use, some of which had bullet(子弹) holes in them.
The architect has applied the same belief to his recent works, including the expansion of the Royal Academy of Arts in London, where he renovated galleries, created a new auditorium(礼堂) and built a concrete bridge to connect its original buildings.
"While some architects may use the attention that comes with the Pritzker Prize to go big and advance their commercial ambitions, Chipperfield's win is unlikely to result in steel-and-glass supertall skyscrapers," writes Bloomberg's Kriston Capps.
Instead, Chipperfield says he will work harder to create architecture that has a specific mission. "I regard this award as an encouragement, continuing to direct my attention not only to the substance of architecture and its meaning but also to the contribution that we can make as architects to address the existing challenges of climate change and social inequality," he says in a statement. He adds, "We must rise to these challenges and help inspire the next generation to shoulder this responsibility with vision and courage."
(1)、What do the groundbreaking designers mentioned in paragraph 1 indicate?A、The fierce competition for the Pritzker Prize. B、The inspiration for Chipperfield's design features. C、Chipperfield's goal to become a leading architect. D、Chipperfield's amazing architectural achievements.(2)、What makes Chipperfield's works unique according to the Pritzker committee?A、The creation of visually striking buildings. B、The integration of different cultural elements. C、The consistent design style in different projects. D、The flexible selection of architectural materials.(3)、What does the underlined word "renovate" in paragraph 3 mean?A、Research. B、Restore. C、Build. D、Decorate.(4)、What does Chipperfield hope to do with his architecture?A、Realize personal commercial ambitions. B、Take up environmental protection industry. C、Make a positive impact on critical social issues. D、Encourage more people to major in architecture. -
4、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
USITCC Regional Competition
The Department of Information Technology and Cyber Security in the College of Business is proud to host the U. S. Information Technology Collegiate Conference (USITCC) Regional Competition on October 26-28. The event is open to students majoring in business or computer science.
USITCC is quickly becoming the nation's top IT competition, networking and career-building event. In one single weekend, student attendees can prove their technology skills in a variety of IT competitions, meet with industry professionals and connect with IT employers providing internships (实习工作) and/or full-time positions.
Competitions & Schedule
Date
Time
Competitions
Thursday, October 26
7-10 p.m.
Security
7-10 p.m.
Systems Analysis and Design
Friday, October 27
8-1l a.m.
Application Development
12-3 p.m.
Office Solutions
Saturday, October 28
4-7 p.m.
Database
8-10 a.m.
Security Final Round
Accommodation Information
Kentwood Hall, 701 E. St. Louis St., Springfield, MO 65806 is a historic six-story building. Kentwood offers private rooms, two-person rooms, super doubles, and three-person rooms.
Each room is carpeted and offers a bathroom and height-adjustable beds. All rooms have Wi-Fi and a mid-sized refrigerator. All rooms are smoke-free. Basic bedding will include sheets, a light blanket, and towels.
Entry Fee
The early bird rate is $35 / person before September 30, and the price will increase to $45 / person after that date.
(1)、What can student competitors expect from the competitions?A、A job opportunity. B、Changes of college major. C、A large cash prize. D、Instructions from professors.(2)、Which of the following do rooms of Kentwood Hall provide?A、Smoking areas. B、Personalized bedding. C、Internet access. D、Plus-sized refrigerator.(3)、What is the purpose of the text?A、To introduce a college. B、To advertise a competition. C、To recommend a hotel. D、To promote cyber security. -
5、听材料,回答问题。(1)、What do we learn about the speaker's mother?A、She made a lot of records. B、She had a varied taste in music. C、She once worked in the field of music.(2)、What kind of music does the speaker hate?A、Classical music. B、Country music. C、Dance music.(3)、Who has the biggest influence on the speaker in music?A、Her mom. B、Her sister. C、Her schoolmate.
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6、听材料,回答问题。(1)、What causes the woman to have trouble making friends?A、Lack of social skills. B、Difference in interests. C、Unpopularity with other kids.(2)、What do we know about the girl's family?A、They enjoy a quiet life. B、They prefer a social lifestyle. C、They have a strict daily routine.(3)、How does the woman feel about her lifestyle?A、Comfortable. B、Upset. C、Lonely.(4)、What kind of friends does the girl want?A、Those who are easy-going. B、Those who are hard-working. C、Those who share similar hobbies.
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7、听材料,回答问题。(1)、Why does Bruce ask for another copy of paper?A、The delivery was delayed. B、His newspaper was damaged. C、He couldn't find the newspaper.(2)、Where does Bruce want his newspaper to be put?A、In his yard. B、In his mailbox. C、In his hallway.(3)、What will the woman do next?A、Visit Bruce's place. B、Send an apology letter. C、Call the delivery person.
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8、听材料,回答问题。(1)、What does the woman plan to do next month?A、Organize a meeting. B、Attend a conference. C、Take a vacation.(2)、Where can the woman get the special form?A、From her manager. B、From the man. C、From the HR office.(3)、What is the relationship between the speakers?A、Colleagues. B、Friends. C、Classmates.
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9、听材料,回答问题。(1)、What are the speakers talking about?A、Where to go on a vacation. B、How to choose a birthday gift. C、What to wear for a job interview.(2)、Why does the man want a new job?A、To try something new. B、To get a high position. C、To earn more money.
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10、What time did the man finish his work?A、At about 9 o'clock p.m. B、At about 10 o'clock p.m. C、At about 12 o'clock at night.
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11、Who will be the next CEO?A、Mr. Matthew. B、Mr. Jackson. C、Mr. King.
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12、Where does the conversation take place?A、At a bus stop. B、At the airport. C、At a hotel.
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13、What course will the woman take?A、Spanish. B、Photography. C、Art.
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14、How will the man get to work?A、By car. B、By bus. C、By subway.
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15、 完形填空
Have you ever been caught in difficulties?Remember that self-confidence is 1 than a knife.You can use it to fight a challenge.Read the short story below to 2 the power of self-confidence.
A man was trying to find his way 3 a dark cave with a light of hope from a lantern (灯笼).Finally,he could see some sunlight in the cave,which made him 4 .But as he drew closer,he was 5 to see a big rock standing before him.
He pushed the rock,but it stood there firmly without 6 even a little.He tried again,but it prevented him from 7 the place.The man felt as if being swallowed by a whale that was waiting to enjoy his supper.He sat 8 the big rock in the mouth of the dark cave looking back on his adventure.He had overcome many difficulties and 9 he would overcome this one,too.
So he said to himself with confidence,"I will 10 here." He encouraged himself and it added to his power and gave him more 11 in pushing the huge rock.
The rock moved a little,which encouraged him to work 12 .Thanks to all his efforts,slowly the rock made way for him.He walked along the bright and evergreen path before him with 13 .
We all may meet difficulties in our life.Some people don't believe they can overcome them and choose to 14 ,but some choose to face them with confidence.Those who give up will 15 succeed.Only those who face difficulties with confidence will find their ways and succeed in life in the end.
(1)A 、nearer B 、faster C 、larger D 、sharper(2)A 、consider B 、regain C 、understand D 、ask(3)A 、on B 、through C 、below D 、before(4)A 、smile B 、think C 、move D 、cry(5)A 、pleased B 、surprised C 、sad D 、excited(6)A 、breaking B 、refusing C 、disappearing D 、moving(7)A 、leaving B 、enjoying C 、destroying D 、checking(8)A 、in the heart of B 、at the foot of C 、in the middle of D 、on the right of(9)A 、doubted B 、explained C 、worried D 、believed(10)A 、show up B 、look around C 、get out of D 、make use of(11)A 、time B 、energy C 、space D 、advice(12)A 、harder B 、longer C 、wider D 、deeper(13)A 、courage B 、fear C 、experience D 、pride(14)A 、look up B 、give up C 、catch up D 、cheer up(15)A 、usually B 、always C 、sometimes D 、never -
16、 七选五
How to be a more responsible person?
Responsibility doesn't come at birth.It is something that is acquired as you age,go to school and progress in life.However,you can hear and see a lot of different things,both good and bad. That's why your sense of responsibility depends only on you.All of it depends on your own decision.Here are a few tips on how to improve your sense of responsibility.
If you make a mistake,admit it.Instead of making excuses,give the true reason why you failed.By coming up with an excuse,you actually admit to being irresponsible.
Stop complaining.Complainers are usually those who talk too much and do nothing.By always complaining about the world around you,you actually fill yourself with negativity. Therefore,stop complaining!
Overcome postponement.The first step to success is to stop putting things off.Postponement will lead you nowhere.You're responsible for your own future,so stop delaying now and start taking action on what truly matters..
Be consistent and stick to your schedule.Having a routine is good. Try to wake up at the same time every day.Even on weekends,you could get up earlier instead of staying in bed until noon.This will give you some consistency.Plus,getting up early allows you to have more time for whatever you have to finish that day.Additionally,you should set a schedule for your work and personal tasks,and stick to it.
A.Actions speak louder than words.
B.Stop making excuses for yourself.
C.By being negative,you are suffering terribly.
D.You choose your own behaviour,actions and words.
E.It means order and means you are on the right track.
F.The hours you wasted could have been used for better things.
G.Even though you never complain,you are obviously exhausted.
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17、 阅读理解
Robert Frost(1874—1963) was the statesman of American letters in the twentieth century,a rare national poet who was read and respected by both university professors and everyday citizens.In his life,Frost won four Pulitzer Prizes for his works— more than any other poet in American history.His most famous poems include The Road Not Taken,Fire and Ice and Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.Though he is widely read,Frost is also one of the most misunderstood writers in the United States for the complexity of his poems.
Though born in California,Frost was brought up in New England,where he is inseparably linked.After dropping out of Dartmouth College to seek his literary dream,he remained upset for years,producing collections of works but failing to get enough of them published to make his efforts financially worthwhile.Finally,Frost left the United States in 1912 to see whether his works might be better received in London.It was,and in 1913 his first full collection was published in Great Britain.Fellow American poet Amy Lowell adored Frost's work and brought it back to the United States,publicizing it insistently.Soon afterwards Frost's collections became bestsellers,and he became a famous figure.
From then on,Frost was on his way to the lifelong respect and recognition for his achievements in poetry.In 1961,he was invited to read a poem for the presidential inauguration (总统就职典礼) of John F.Kennedy.He recited his poem,The Gift Outright,from memory at the ceremony.This was perhaps his last poetry reading in front of a wide national audience before his death in 1963.More importantly,Frost became the first poet to read a poem at a presidential inauguration.
(1)、What makes Frost "the statesman of American letters"?A、The comments of other writers. B、His literary achievements. C、The complexity of his poems. D、His political activities.(2)、What do we know about Frost before 1912?A、He continued writing after his graduation from Dartmouth College. B、He was well received in London for his first collection. C、He failed to make much money with his publication. D、He produced enough works to achieve literary success.(3)、According to the passage,what brought Frost immediate success in the US?A、The literary value of his poetry. B、The publication of his first collection. C、The invitation from JohnF.Kennedy. D、The recommendation by Amy Lowell.(4)、Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A、The Literary Life of Robert Frost:An Overview B、Robert Frost and the Twentieth Century C、Robert Frost:A Historical Figure D、The Popularity of Robert Frost -
18、 用动词-ing形式或不定式来完成下面的短文
Mr. Zhang is a successful businessman in our city.When he was fifteen years old,his family was so poor that he had to (退学) at school.To help support his family,he did lots of part-time jobs. Later, he (碰巧挽救了) a wealthy businessman.The businessman (许诺奖励) him.Mr.Zhang told him that he (想创办) his own business.Hearing what Mr.Zhang said,the businessman (同意帮他一把).Mr.Zhang's company was set up in 2000.Little by little, he earned a lot of money and became wealthy.He always (后悔离开) school at a young age,so he (决定捐赠) his money to those children whose families were poor.Since then,Mr.Zhang has (致力于帮助) those in trouble.Up to now,he has given away ten million yuan to charities.Although Mr.Zhang is now in his sixties,he doesn't plan to (停止工作).And he (希望挣) more money to help more people.
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19、培养他女儿的音乐天赋是值得的。
①His daughter's musical talent .(worth)
②His daughter's musical talent .(worthy)
③his daughter's musical talent.(worthwhile)
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20、进攻来得如此突然,敌人没有时间逃跑。
①The attack the enemy had no time to escape.(陈述句)
②the attack the enemy had no time to escape.(倒装句)