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Why the human body should decline faster in space is still largely a mystery, but one that researchers are dealing with increasing urgency as civilian space travel becomes more feasible. In a recent study that involved sending muscle samples to the International Space Station, some 250 miles above Earth, researchers from Stanford Medicine found that the lack of gravity in space impairs the normal regenerative ability of muscle.

The samples were grown from muscle cells donated by healthy volunteers to resemble the bundled structure of muscle fibres. They spent seven days growing in space, then frozen until their return to Earth.

The researchers found notable similarities between muscle that had spent a week in microgravity (gravity aboard the International Space Station is about 0.1% of gravity on Earth) and muscle in older adults with sarcopenia (肌肉减少症), a muscle-wasting condition that develops over decades. Both indicated a shift toward more fatty acid metabolism (脂肪酸代谢) and a greater tendency toward cell death. The impaired regeneration could contribute to why astronauts' muscles weaken even with regular exercise.

"Microgravity is almost like an accelerated disease-forming platform and environment," said Ngan Huang, PhD, senior author of the study published recently in Stem Cell Reports. "It's important to understand how microgravity is affecting different tissues in the body, with muscle being one of the most essential ones because of how much of it we have in our bodies."

Huang's team also tested drugs that partially prevented these impairments in the muscle samples, which could benefit space travellers and Earth-bound seniors — perhaps even senior space travellers alike.

Ultimately, Huang, who is also a principal investigator at the Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System hopes to find ways to enhance muscle regeneration to heal severe muscle injuries, like those many Soldiers injured during wars.

Veronica sat in the chair, watching her daughter, Jane, tug (拽) at the old sewing machine (缝纫机). The machine had been in their family for years—first her mother's, then hers. Veronica had always taken care of it, just like her mother had. Though it wasn't in perfect condition, it still worked if used carefully. Veronica remembered the long hours her mother had spent sewing on it when she was growing up, especially during hard times. She also remembered how her mother had taught her to use the machine, her scolding (训斥) sharp and unforgiving, not allowing any mistakes.

Now Jane was trying to use it, but she was impatiently pulling at the thread (线), causing the needle to get stuck (卡住) with every attempt. The sound of the machine's protests — sharp, squeaky, and out of tune—made Veronica uneasy.

"Stop pulling so bard," Veronica said, her voice calm at first, "You'll break it."

       Jane glanced up, a little annoyed. "It's already broken, Mom."   

Veronica felt a knot tighten in her chest. She knew Jane didn't understand. To her, it was just an old machine. But to Veronica, it was more than that. It was a link to her past.

"Stop pulling at it like that," Veronica said, her voice tense. "It's not a toy, Jane. You can't just force it."

Jane looked up, eyes defiant (反抗的). "It's a piece of junk, Mom. I'm trying to fix it, but it's useless."

Veronica stood up and grabbed Jane's hand, forcing her to stop tugging at the machine. Her grip was tight, almost painful, and she shoved (推开) Jane's hand away. "It's not junk! You need to be careful with it!" Jane pulled her hand back, her eyes welling up with tears. She didn't say anything, but the hurt was clear on her face. Veronica watched her for a few seconds, her heart still pounding in her chest. But at that very moment something changed inside her. She opened her mouth to speak, but no words came out at firs — only a breathless, frustrated sigh. A sudden, familiar feeling washed over her, an uncomfortable weight in her chest.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为100左右;

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

     Her memories of sitting with her mother at the sewing machine flooded back.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

1.表示关心；

2.提出建议。

注意：

1.写作词数应为80左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear David,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

In the final of the men's 100m freestyle at the 2024 Paris Olympics, Chinese athlete Pan Zhanle set an (impress) record time of 46.40 seconds, clear example of his extraordinary talent and strong determination. This is the (nine) gold medal for the Chinese delegation (代表团) at this Olympics and it marks a major success that Chinese swimming (achieve) since the breakthrough of Sun Yang in 2012. Pan has become the fastest man in the world at present and the most shining Asian star in the swimming pool.

Pan Zhanle not only brings honor to the Chinese swimming team, also proves the strength of Chinese athletes. His success inspires more Chinese swimmers (apply) themselves to even tougher challenges and win more honors for China, as Pan has undergone the most demanding training enabled him to reach this outstanding level of success.

After the competition, Pan Zhanle said that this gold medal is great importance to the country. (face) the disregard and arrogance (傲慢) of foreign athletes, he responded with unmatched power, successfully earning their respect and (recognize).

The next morning, the geese were still my3. I walked round to mailbox, showing them I meant no harm. I hid behind some trees and4 the handsome pair quietly through the branches. I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!

As days passed, 1 started5 to them on my trips to the mailbox. They craned (伸长) their necks and raised their heads6 but seemed to realize I was their friend. By then, my curiosity about why they were staying so long at the pond changed to7. As they were feeding in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their8: the male had a damaged left wing and his faithful mate wouldn't leave him behind.

I asked a biologist what to do. He explained that sometimes a9 wing will heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.

On the first day of November, I was working in the neighbourhood of the geese when I10 some movement from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running towards the pond. Their wings were11 like crazy, struggling for take-off. Gradually they flew over the pond and circled back towards me as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of my12.

The season's first snowflakes fell the very next day. The birds must have13 that winter was coming. I became fond of them during their14 visit to our pond. I'll never forget their15 to each other.

It seems that there are more things for teens to spend money on than ever. There are expensive clothes, video games, MP3 players, and more. That's why it's important to help them understand the value of money.

Start teaching your children about money early. Starting around age 10, give them a few dollars every week for them to spend however they want. But let them choose what they want to do. Don't set limits on what they can spend it on, and don't continually buy them things they want. They'll soon learn that if they spend all their money as soon as they get it, they won't be able to afford more expensive things they want.

You should also start early introducing your children to budgets (预算) and how much things cost. Have them go to the store with you or watch you pay the bills.

As your child gets older, about 13 or 14, increase their pocket money as you increase their responsibility. Once they're more responsible, give them a budget for something bigger like clothes and make them stick to it.

Eventually, your child will probably get a job. Have them put some into a savings account to use for college or other pursuits. Let them use the rest as mad money to spend however they want. If you're worried about what they're buying, open them a checking account you can monitor.

It takes many small steps. Remember that they will probably mess up along the way, but mistakes are how they learn.

A. Help them choose a well-paid job.

B. And you can also encourage them to pay the bills.

C. Take this opportunity to teach them about savings.

D. Soon they'll realize how much some things really cost.

E. Make the pocket money dependent on doing housework.

F. Teaching your child the value of money will not happen overnight.

G. If you aren't made of money, it's hard to give your kids everything they want.

Published in Nature Communications, the study is the first of its kind to examine the connections between the neural reaction of people within a real-world social network. "Neural responses to dynamic, naturalistic stimuli, like videos, can give us a window into people's unlimited, unplanned thought processes as they unfold. Our results suggest that friends process the world around them in exceptionally similar ways," says lead author Carolyn Parkinson.

The study analyzed the friendships or social ties within a group of 280 graduate students. The researchers estimated the social distance between pairs of individuals based on mutually (相互地) reported social ties. Forty-two of the students were asked to watch a range of videos while their neural activity was recorded in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner. The videos covered a range of topics and genres, including politics, science, comedy and music videos, for which a range of responses was expected. Each participant watched the same videos in the same order, with the same instructions. The researchers then compared the neural responses pairwise across the set of students to determine if pairs of students who were friends had more similar brain activity than pairs further removed from each other in their social network.

The findings revealed that neural response similarity was strongest among friends, and this pattern appeared across brain regions involved in emotional responding and high-level reasoning. Even when the researchers controlled variables, including left-handedness or right-handedness, age, gender, race, and nationality, the analogy in neural activity among friends was still evident. The team also found that fMRI response similarities could be used to predict not only if a pair were friends but also the social distance between the two.

A trustworthy press helps inform people and monitor all levels of government. That is essential to a nation. Yet this useful establishment is growing increasingly unpopular. According to the University of North Carolina (UNC), newsroom jobs across the country are fewer than half what they were 10 years ago. And on many college campuses, the news about the news is bleak too.

Take the Syracuse, New York, student-run newspaper The Daily Orange: It isn't daily anymore. The paper prints just three times each week. Next year, The Diamondback of the University of Maryland will be online only. Half the newspapers that still exist on paper say they don't print as many copies. And UNC's The Daily Tar Heel has cut staff pay and rented cheaper offices to make its budget.

Considering the problems in journalism, it's surprising that the enrollment (注册人数) in college journalism programs is up. The Daily Orange managing editor Catherine Leffert calls the layoffs and cutbacks disheartening. "But what keeps me wanting to be a journalist is seeing the effect that The Daily Orange has," she says.

But journalism educators wonder, "Are we preparing young people for a dying industry?" Years ago, journalism graduates took low-level reporter jobs at newspapers or television stations. That still happens. But today's jobs more often involve digital editing, social media production, and video streaming. Some universities are taking action. The University of Florida offers a sports media program. Several schools highlight statistics-driven data journalism.

The news isn't all bad. Journalism professor Kathleen Culver says, "When I look at 18–and 20-year-olds in journalism and see what they want to do, I'm optimistic." Maddy Arrowood is the student editor of The Daily Tar Heel. She says her experience makes her more interested in a journalism career, not less. Her optimism "comes from knowing that people still need news. They still need information."

Playing beneath Old Oak, my best friend, Justine, and I made toy horses. From Old Oak's lowest branch, my dad hung a wooden board on a chain for a swing. The back-and-forth motion of the swing and rhythmic clicking of the chain comforted me. I'd lie under the green umbrella, admiring Old Oak's height — my protector. Time passed. I was swinging less under the tree and more on the dance floor. Long after my father sold the house, Merry and I visited Old Oak when attending Verona High reunions.

Justine called last October. A new owner had bought the property and taken down the tree. I found the real estate (房产) photo. In front of the house lay two huge lengths of trunk. I'd have to act fast to get a piece for Merry and me. The agent involved in the sale said that he would try to talk with the new owner. However, that attempt failed. Then I turned to John Zelenka, an artful arborist, for help. Fortunately, he sent photos of the remaining trunk pieces, contacted the owner, and suggested slices for my woodworking hobbyist son in New Hampshire.

On a cold April morning, my husband and I met Zelenka to examine the pieces he'd cut after transporting the trunk. I couldn't call Merry fast enough. She was excited. Trees give us such gifts from flowers to shade. My relationship with Old Oak has taken on a new form.

The Henry G. Bennett Memorial Library provides materials and services to meet the information needs of graduate and undergraduate students, face-to-face and online learners as well as teachers and community members.

Borrowing for Students

General Collection: 21 days (fall and spring); 14 days (summer).

Curriculum Collection: 7 days (fall and spring); 7 days (summer).

Borrowing for Teachers

General Collection: 90 days (fall and spring); 90 days (summer).

Curriculum Collection: 90 days (fall and spring); 90 days (summer).

OK-Share Card

Any teachers or students of any OK-Share institution may use the collections of any OK-Share library on site. Upon completion of the OK-Share card application at their home library, teachers or students will be given an OK-Share card.

Services

OK-Share card borrowers are allowed two books in their possession at one time. Electronic tools may not be available to the OK-Share card borrowers.

Inform the library you use immediately if your card is lost or stolen. A $5.00 charge for a second OK-Share card must be paid to the lending library.

Books should be returned to the library where the library materials were borrowed. Materials returned by mail should be sent by first-class, insured mail. Materials sent by post office must he insured for at least $100.

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