高中英语上外版（2020）-试题列表-第257页

1、When I first met Nao Junior, he was in his 40s and one of only nine members of his Indigenous(土著的) group, Great Andamanese, who still spoke the idiom of his ancestors. As a language specialist, I had researched more than 80 Indian languages. I was on the islands to document their Indigenous voices before they faded into whispers.

Words in this language consisted of two classes: free and bound. The free words were all nouns that referred to the environment and its inhabitants, such as ra for "pig". They could occur alone. The bound words were nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs that always existed with markers indicating a relation to other objects, events or states. The markers came from seven zones of the body and were attached to a root word to describe concepts such as "inside", "outside", "upper" and "lower". For example, the morpheme(词素) er-, which qualified most anything having to do with an outer body part, could be stuck to -cho to yield ercho, meaning "head".

Just as a head, a bound word, could not conceptually exist on its own, the mode and effect of an action could not be divided from the verb describing the action. Great Andamanese had no words for agriculture but a great many for hunting and fishing, mainly with a bow and arrow. Thus, the root word shile, meaning "to aim", had several versions: utshile, to aim from above; arashile, to aim from a distance; and eshile, aiming to make a hole with a sharp object.

The studies established that the language seems to be truly old in origin. In a multistage process of development, words describing diverse body parts had changed into morphemes referring to different zones and combined with content words to yield meaning. The structure alone provides an insight into an ancient worldview in which the macrocosm(宏观世界) reflects the microcosm, and everything that is or that happens inseparably connects to everything else.

(1)、What is the purpose of the author's stay on the islands?

A、To meet with an old friend. B、To teach Indigenous idioms. C、To record an ancient language. D、To trace her ancestors.

(2)、"Aim at a pig's head from afar" in Great Andamanese may be ______.

A、Arashile raercho B、Arashile ercho C、Eshile ercho D、Eshile raercho

(3)、What can we infer from the verbs in Great Andamanese?

A、A verb could describe more than one action. B、Some of the verbs could be used on their own. C、The locals probably live off seafood and meat. D、The tools used in people's daily life are diverse.

(4)、What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?

A、Great Andamanese is the origin of multiple languages. B、Great Andamanese is a doorway to the ancient wisdom. C、Great Andamanese tells the development of the community. D、Human body shapes Great Andamanese's unique worldview.

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