相关试卷

 Donna Strickland was awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly with Arthur Ashkin and Gérard Mourou. It's the first time in 55 years that a woman has won this famous prize, but why has it taken so long? We look at five other pioneering female physicists—past and present—who actually deserve the prize. 

 Jocelyn Bell Burnell 

Perhaps the most famous snub (冷落): thenstudent Bell discovered the first radio pulsars in 1967, when she was a PhD student at Cambridge. The Nobel Prize that recognised this landmark discovery in 1974, however, went to her male supervisor, Antony Hewish. Recently awarded a ￡ 2.3 million Breakthrough Prize, which she gave away to help underrepresented students, she joked to The Guardian, "I feel I've done very well out of not getting a Nobel Prize."

 Lene Hau 

 Hau is best­known for leading the research team at Harvard University in 1999 that managed to slow a beam of light, before managing to stop it completely in 2001. Often topping Nobel Prize prediction lists, could next year be Hau's year?  

 Vera Rubin  

 Rubin discovered dark matter in the 1980s, opening up a new field of astronomy. She died in 2016, without recognition from the committee. 

 Chien­Shiung Wu 

Wu's "Wu experiment" helped disprove the "law of conservation of parity". Her experimental work was helpful but never honoured, and instead, her male colleagues won the 1957 Nobel Prize for their theoretical work behind the study.

 Lise Meitner 

 Meitner led groundbreaking work on the discovery of nuclear fission(核裂变). However, the discovery was acknowledged by the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which was won by her male co­leader, Otto Hahn. 

注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

Dear Peter,

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用删除符号(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

It's not all that hard to build the advanced and large vocabulary. Like many things in life, it's an ongoing process. The best part of it is that there's enough room for improvement, which means you would keep getting good. But you have to work at it. As we know, a little months of exercise in your teens won't be enough for your lifelong health. That's also true to building your vocabulary. One of the most effective way is to read good books. You need to read at least one good book a week, preferable a classic. It is not hard and far better than any other method because that you improve your vocabulary while reading a piece of literature. Besides, you learn both new words and their uses unconsciously, meaning you will tend use the words learning this way almost automatically.

Figure skating (come) a long way since its beginning. Back in the 18^th century in the UK, the sport was popular among the people in the highest social class. (gradual), more skating enthusiasts from Germany, the United States and Canada (follow) suit. In the 1860s, Jackson Haines, US ballet dancer and skater, used more artistic moves to make the sport less formal, earning him the title of "the father of modern figure skating".

Skaters wearing eye-catching trousers, tights or skirts perform  (vary) movements. Skaters can compete  individuals, pairs or groups. Skaters need to complete two components; short program and free skate. 

Figure skating requires the athletes to focus on both technical and performance (aspect) of skating. "A really good skater needs to be able to look effortless when they perform their elements. Without (strong), courage and years of practice, it's really hard (achieve) that goal and make an emotional connection with audience. " Olympic gold medalist and US retired skater Scott Hamilton told CNN. "And that's I liked about it. "

Do you believe just a simple delivery could change a stranger's life forever? Well, when 21-year-old Anabelle 1 some food using DoorDash, she 2 started a chain of events. It started when her doorbell camera gave her a 3 of an elderly man delivering her food. He was clearly 4 , but he still 5 to get the job done. And it 6 Anabelle's heart. To help him out, she gave him a $30 tip on a $21 order — but that was just the start of her 7 .

After a TikTok she 8  of the delivery went viral, Anabelle became 9  to use the attention to raise money for this man. But first, she had to find him. Against all odds, she tried 10  DoorDash to get his information and kept posting 11  on TikTok. 

Finally, Anabelle knew this sweet man's name: Kerry. And 12 he's normally very private, she had the 13 to get more information of him. At 71 years old, Kerry has yet to have the opportunity to 14 . His wife died in 2011, and his two disabled sons are 15 his care. He works as a driver and that income doesn't 16 his life. His recent health 17 have even made things more difficult. Anabelle shared his story on GoFundMe where it slowly 18 surely began to reach countless people moved by Kerry's struggles. Before they 19 it, news outlets around the world were sharing Kerry's story. And now, over a month later, over $107K has been raised!

"I can't begin to 20 the amount of support from across the world! This is life changing for Kerry and beyond what I could ever imagine!" Anabelle wrote.

How can you use curiosity to enjoy your studies more and improve your results? Below are some hints of how you can awaken your curiosity. 

Listen to yourself when you ask questions

and your mind starts to question, don't ignore it. If you can't explore the answer right then, make a note to find out later. Questioning, exploring and investigating are good! It shows that you have an active and interested mind. Reward yourself by finding out the answer. The more you know about what you are studying, the better you will understand it.

Ask quality questions

Ask good questions such as "why" "what if" and "how". The better the questions you ask, the more interesting answers you will find. .

Play around with new things and ideas

Learn to play with and think about your ideas, your feelings and new materials and objects. "What can you do with these ideas, feelings and things? Maybe they could be used in an essay, article, poem or science experiment, or could be a gift or favour for someone else.

. Just because adults teach you, it does not mean that they know everything or the best way to do things. Young people are the future. Don't be scared to put your ideas forward!

Work with new people in class

Don't always join the same friends for group projects in class. . Where possible, choose to work with students who enjoy asking questions and finding out new things, or students who have a lively, curious mind.

, and how it might relate to classwork

Have you heard something interesting in the news—a social problem or new technology that interests you? Find out more about it. Then remember if you have studied anything about that subject. 

A. Something magical happens

B. Different people work differently

C. Keep an ear open for current events

D. If you can apply curiosity to your study

E. When you are reading or studying something

F. Always be prepared to think about things in new ways

G. All of this will contribute to your classroom learning

What would you think if someone suggested pulling down Big Ben to make way for a car park? It would be ridiculous, right? But when it comes to devastation (毁灭) of the natural world, we aren't so easily shocked. But we should be. . . or we'll be in a lot of trouble.

Nature is shrinking by the day. Ancient forests are destroyed. Wetlands are becoming dry. Woodland is disappearing. And all in the name of progress. This is bad in itself, but it's devastating for biodiversity.

Biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals and other living things which are all inter-connected. The ecological services provided by biodiversity are vital to everyday life. The air we breathe is a product of photosynthesis (光合作用) by green plants. In fact, all life on earth exists thanks to the benefit of biodiversity. More than 90 percent of the calories consumed by people worldwide are produced from 80 plant species. And 30 percent of medicines are developed from plants and animals. Maintaining a wide diversity of species in each ecosystem is necessary to preserve all living things. 

The loss of biodiversity could be devastating. "It is wrong to think that biodiversity can be reduced indefinitely without threatening humans," said Harvard University biologist Edward O. Wilson, known as "the father of biodiversity". He warned, "we are about to reach a critical point beyond which biodiversity loss will be unavoidable. "

But what can we do? The problem is that the concept of biodiversity is so vague. People might care about giant pandas, but it is much harder to excite them about the fate of tiny sea creatures which are being boiled to death in the cooling systems of power stations along coastlines. The Guardian newspaper is trying to help. It has started the Biodiversity 100 campaign to try to convince governments around the world to take action to deal with the widespread concerns about biodiversity. This includes persuading the UK government to create a series of marine reserves to reverse the decline in sea-life caused by industrial fishing, banning the fishing sharks by the Japanese fishermen and stopping the killing of dingoes in Australia, among many other things. 

There is a lot to do. And we'd better get a move on if we don't want to end up with a planet that can't support life!

China's top animator Tian Xiaopeng and his animation studio announced that they will be producing the much-anticipated live action film, The Three-Body Problem, based on the award-winning sci-fi novel by Chinese writer Liu Cixin.

Tian created China's 3-D animation milestone Monkey King: Hero Is Back in 2015. It grossed (获利) 956 million yuan in China, becoming the highest-grossing Chinese animation in the country's film history at that time. It had held the record until 2019 when it got broken by Coloroom Pictures Ne Zha that grossed more than five billion yuan.

Book fans of The Three-Body Problem had mixed reactions after hearing about Tian's involvement. Some expressed doubt about a studio that specializes in animation making a live-action movie. Others also argued that the universe described in the novel is too big and complicated for any filmmakers to portray on big screens. But some seemed optimistic about the new adaption, noting the impressive track record of Tian's previous works.

The book series talks about how human beings respond to alien invasion. It was published in China between 2006 and 2010, and sold more than one million copies. The first book in the series was awarded the Chinese Science Fiction Galaxy Award in 

2006. In 2014, an English translation of the first book by Chinese-American author Ken Liu, titled The Three-Body Problem, was published. A year later, Liu Cixin became the first Asian author to win the Hugo Award, the highest honor in science fiction and fantasy writing. 

The book series has developed various art and entertainment forms including stage dramas and radio shows. During Spring Festival in 2019, Guo Fan's The Wandering Earth, a film also based on a novel by Liu Cixin, had made over 4. 6 billion yuan at the box office domestically. It ignited huge public interest in the film project of The Three-Body Problem.

Today, with most of us owning a smartphone that lets us post on social media wherever and whenever we want, oversharing has become harder to avoid. But the tricky thing is that people usually don't realize when they' re oversharing. The problem can only be triggered by our friends and family. A survey showed that every two in three people in the US think their friends share too much on social media.

Oversharing can have negative impacts. For instance, it can put your personal information at risk. When you update your status, or simply recall an experience on social networking sites like WeChat, chances are that you are revealing critical personal information. 

According to a survey by Visa Canada, 45% of people aged 18-34 "overshare" their financial information online. "Young people shared payment card information via e-mail, loaned out their cards, and didn't keep their PIN confidential," reported CBS. This behavior mirrors similar habits of sharing personal information on social media sites. They're really not totally aware of who has access to this information and who else can be seeing this information and what could be done with it.

"Oversharing contributes to a larger culture in which such behavior is considered acceptable or even desirable," said Seidman, associate professor at Albright College in the US. Elizabeth Bernstein, a US-based educator, said that "the great increase of overshare is partially because of the wild use of social media as a subconscious attempt to control anxiety. We actually use a lot of mental energy trying to manage the other person's impression of us by oversharing. "

Moreover, oversharing online can damage effective communication in real life. "Having such easy access to so many people makes communication superficial," said Chen, a psychologist at South China Normal University. "In the end, the lack of deep communication hurts strong social bonds, particularly friendships. "

The world awaits. Where will you go next? The following are among the most exciting destinations to visit. Grab your bags and go!

Prague Castle, Czech Republic

Sitting atop a hill across the river from the center of the city, Prague Castle casts a spectacular atmosphere over its surroundings. The castle is an incredible collection of buildings constructed from the 9th to 14th century. It is one of the largest castles in the world, and around almost every corner is a historical building, church, or open square. 

Chichen Itza, Mexico

The ancient Mayan ruins of Chichen Itza have been drawing curious tourists since they were first brought to light by a popular book by John Lloyd Stevens in 1843. Today the site, located near the center of the Yucatan Peninsula, is one of the top tourist attractions in Mexico and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. You'll witness the ruins of the once powerful Mayan people and visit the sacred Cenote where sacrifices took place.

Glacier National Park

Named for the remains of glaciers from the ice age, Glacier National Park is located on the border of Canada and Montana. It is often called the "Crown of the Continent," because of its natural beauty. Aside from its breathtaking geological features, it's also home to a fair amount of history. The Going-to-the-Sun Road—a scenic, 50 mile drive through the park—is a National Historic Landmark and an engineering marvel that offers spectacular views, as well as access to popular hiking trails.

Istanbul, Turkey

Turkey's capital city is another destination that offers a great mix of culture, food, and history. There are thousands of years of history here, starting with Ancient Greeks and Ancient Romans and leading up through the Ottoman Empire. You can spend the day shopping and the night at a wonderful restaurant eating great Turkish food and dancing to Turkish music.

My best friend Carla Hernandez called me on Thursday afternoon. "Daniel, meet me in the park near the playground in five minutes. I have a great idea!" This worried me because Carla's great ideas almost always meant big trouble for me!

I dashed outside and jogged to the park. When I saw Carla, my heart sank because her large dog Perro was with her. I liked everything about Carla except Perro. I had never had a pet in my house, and I felt uncomfortable and nervous around animals. But I was embarrassed to say I was afraid of Carla's dog.

Upon my arrival, Carla smiled in a joyful voice. "Isn't this the perfect location for a pet show?" I was surprised at her words. Carla explained to me that all the kids in the neighborhood could show off their pets' talents and demonstrated the things they did well. Besides, there were plenty of comfortable benches for our parents and friends to sit on as audience. Carla added that I could be the announcer since I didn't have a pet for the show. What she said directly affected my mood because crowds always made me nervous and unsure. Looking into her eyes, I apologized, "I'm sorry, but that's impossible! Besides, I don't like animals, remember?"

"That's nonsense," said Carla. "There's nothing to be concerned about because you'll be great!" Just at that time, Perro leaped up, slobbered all over me, and almost knocked me down. "Yuck. Down, Perro! Stay!" I shouted. Perro sat as still as a statue. "Wow, you're good at that," Carla raised her voice excitedly. "Now let's get started because we have a lot to do. "

With her encouragement, I decided to have a try. After going back home, I couldn't wait to practice announcing each pet's act. By Saturday morning I had practiced hundreds of times. However, my stomach was doing flip flops by the time the audience arrived at the park. The size of the crowd made me feel even more anxious.

注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jason, 

Li Hua

—It was in the village  we visited last month.