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What is life's greatest gift? Choice is the ability to select one course of action from a set of alternatives to achieve a goal. What is great about choice? It transforms us from animals into artists. Each of us becomes another Michelangelo. Choice becomes nothing other than the tool we use to sculpt our life. The tool doesn't come free, however, for the price of choice is responsibility. The reward is happiness.

Life is not still （静止的）. It is a flow.  We constantly need to monitor where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what right measures can I take? What action will I take now to re-adjust myself to my goals?

 And your life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. For example, you decide which stores to shop at and which gas station to go to. But the decisions that we make to sculpt our life are far more important than deciding where to shop.

All chess lovers realize that it isn't necessary to win to enjoy the game. The pleasure is in the playing. Life is like a chess game. 

A. It is free will or choice.

B. You have to make choices every day.

C. Make the best moves you can under the circumstances.

D. But when we accept and carry it out, we get a great return.

E. Every choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals.

F. Life is full of hard choices, and the bigger they are, the harder they get.

G. Choose to carry out responsibilities not because you have to, but because you want to.

US writer Margaret Lee Runbeck once wrote, "Happiness is not a station you arrive at, but a manner of traveling." But traveling is not always happy, at least for the two people in the movie Green Book.

The movie was based on the true story of a road trip through the southern US in the early 1960s. In the film, the black pianist Don Shirley hires Italian-American Tony Vallelonga to drive him to perform, but they face problems because of Shirley's skin color. These problems lead them to form a special friendship.

"There's something so deeply right about this movie, so true to the time," wrote US film critic Mick LaSalle at the San Francisco Chronicle. The time LaSalle talked about was between the late 1870s and 1960s, a very different period in US history, when many parts of the country had Jim Crow laws, which allowed racial separation （种族隔离）. These laws made life and travel dangerous for African-Americans. They couldn't use certain hotels, restaurants, or even gas stations. They had to be indoors after sunset or they might go to jail. Even famous black people had to follow the laws.

But in 1936, a black mail carrier named Victor H. Green had an idea. He made a list of friendly businesses in New York City. He published the list as a small book with a green cover. The Green Book helped African-Americans travel more safely. Then, in 1964, Jim Crow laws went away. The book went away, too. Today many US people still remember the time of Jim Crow, but they probably don't know about the Green Book. Thanks to this movie, maybe people can remember it again.

The unusual day of February 29 comes up on the calendar only every four years. In American English, February 29 is called a leap day. And the entire 12-month period with a February 29 in it is called a leap year. The year 2020 is such a year.

As a verb, the word "leap" means to jump, or to move quickly. "Leap" can also be a noun, meaning a jump or a sudden move. In a leap year, the dates jump over one day of the week. In 2017, the last day of the year December 31, fell on a Sunday. In 2018, it fell on a Monday. In 2019, it fell on the Tuesday. But in 2020, December 31 will fall on a Thursday. It just leaps right over Wednesday. "Leap" is also an important word for two American expressions. One is a kind of warning. If you want someone to investigate （调查） a situation completely before taking action, you might say "look before you leap". The other expression is a phrase of hope. Advising someone to "take a leap of faith" invites the person to take action, even if not everything about a situation is known.

Interestingly, both phrases are completely reasonable to say to someone who is about to get married.

On that note, some people choose to marry on February 29 because it is an unusual day. But some ancient people would likely tell couples not to do it. Leap years were believed to be difficult, and leap days were unlucky and a bad time to begin anything new.

Whatever you think about them, the changes in the calendar will be gone soon enough. Then we can return to normal, and leap over February 29 as usual.

In March 2020, a group of 16 strong elephants became international stars because of their starting long northern journey from Xishuangbanna in Yunnan Province.

The group did not harm any people or animals during their long march, but caused chaos on farms. In December, a baby elephant was born.

The wild group was seen on CCTV walking down the streets of the city at night and they were also filmed constantly by more than a dozen drones （无人机） —which, the Chinese government said, were helping to minimize damage and keep the animals and people out of danger.

The group had a sudden attack on farms for food and water and even showed up at a care home, where they reached out their trunks into some of the rooms, making one elderly man hide under his bed. Meanwhile, reports said the damage caused to crops totaled more than £700,000.

In April 2021, seventeen animals were originally in the group, but the government said two returned home during the walk.

There were many guesses about the reasons for the migration of the elephants. Some people thought the elephants appeared to be especially attracted by fruit and other crops. Others supposed that the elephants' leader might simply be lost in the rich tropical region, which is home to about 300 other Asian elephants. But, in fact, there was no exact scientific explanation.

In order not to do any harm to the species, farmers and others were told to exercise maximum control when they met with them, while the government had ordered people to stay inside and not use firecrackers or other techniques to frighten them away. Less force was being used to keep them out of the city, like parking cars and some equipment to block roads and using food drops to attract them away.

More than 410 emergency response police, lots of vehicles and 14 drones had been used to monitor the group. Locals were evacuated （疏散）；short-time traffic control measures were carried out, and two tons of elephant food was put in place. Finally, this group of migrating elephants returned to their wild living areas safely under the protection of everyone.

Welcome to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1,000 years and has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.

The Gardens

The White Garden is planted with soft white iceberg roses and snow-white lilies.

The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old-fashioned English roses that are at their very best in June and July.

The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruits and vegetables—pears, cherries and apples.

The Castle Shop

In the Castle Shop you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery （文具） are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.

At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally-friendly products.

Arundel Festival

16th to 25th August 

Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible art festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.

Parking

Coaches and mini buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance on the Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the castle entrance. Please inform us of how many parking permits are required when making your booking.

An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old son. Suddenly a crow (乌鸦) landed on their window.

The father asked his son, "What is that?" The son replied. "That is a crow."

After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, "What is this?" The son said, "Father, I told you just now. It's a crow."

After a little while, the father asked his son the same question for third time, "What is this?" This time, the son was irritated (生气地) and said to his father in a low and cold tone, "It's a crow, a crow."

After a moment, the father yet again asked his son for the fourth time, "What is this?" This time his son shouted in his father, "Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again? I have told you already, ‘IT IS A CROW'. Are you not able to understand this?"

A minute later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered (破旧的) diary, which hadd kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. When they read it, the following words were written in the diary:

"Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow suddenly landed on the window edge. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied him 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I didn't at all feel irritated, but instead felt a deep affection for my innocent son."

注意：1．续写词数应为150词左右。      2．请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:

 After    reading the diary,

Paragraph 2:

Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees（跪下） before his father.

注意：1. 词数80左右 2. 可适当增加细节（词汇：社团： Society 主持人：host）

Dear Sir or Madam,

Yours sincerely ，

Li hua

Last year, I attended a class and discussed the topic of "paper books or e-books" with my classmates. The discussion was lively, but was left1 because of several pros and cons (利弊) of both types of books and the personal2 of different students.

According to an article from LA Times, a study discovered that 92% of 300 college students in America and other three countries 3 paper books. Many participants reported they had headaches for long screen time and are easily4 when siding colorful pages. 

I5  that the 92 percentage is true, not just because it is the result of a study. Paper books can6  another perspective (感受) to you reading experience through the7 smell of the book, the feel of the8 between your fingertips and the sense of progress being made throughout your reading. 

However, pleasure comes at a9 Physical books aren't cheap10 much room. As a person who moves often and loves written words, it can be a big11 to move my mini library from one place to another, not to mention the money to buy those books.12 , besides taking up less space, e-books are more13 than traditional books. Yet those14 didn't keep my interest for long. Nothing 15 the comforting feeling of curling up (蜷缩) with a hot cup of tea and a book.

Most students seem to have considerable "test anxiety". If you do this, you will not be able to show what you are really able to accomplish. Here are some suggestions that you should consider.

Waiting until the night before a test to start studying is likely to increase your anxiety. Instead of waiting until the last minute, start studying as soon as a test is scheduled. With several days or even a week to prepare, you'll feel more relaxed because you have plenty of time to learn the materials.

Organize your materials

It's important to gather all of your materials，including your books, notes, and other studying tools before a big exam. Keeping them all in order and handy is a great way to make sure that you can reference and cross reference them.

Review your notes each night.

Reviewing your notes daily will help you to organize the materials for yourself. Don't expect that your understanding will come during the class. You need to spend time thinking about the course outside of class.

Get a good night's sleep before the exam.

Staying up too late the night before an exam is a bad idea, in general. If you do just one thing, this is it: get enough sleep the night before your exam. Sleep, particularly deep sleep, is critical to memory formation. Make it a practice to get a good night's rest after any intense day of learning and studying.

A. Draw up a schedule.

B. Learning simply doesn't work that way.

C. Leave yourself plenty of time for studying.

D. Most students suffer mental illness when preparing for a test

E. It will help your brain to keep as much information as possible after a good night's sleep.

F. Many talk themselves out of doing well before they even have the exam.

G. This will also make your life a lot easier when you are buried in your studying.

A new study suggests lightning strikes that hit Earth after its formation may have unlocked a necessary chemical element to support the beginning of life. Researchers say the lightning may have supplied enough phosphorus (磷) to Earth during the first billion years after the planet was formed. Scientists believe life started on Earth about 3.5 to 4.5 billion years ago.

Phosphorus is an important element for the formation of life. It helps form cell structures and supports DNA, the material present in nearly all living organisms. But on early Earth, phosphorus is believed to have been first locked inside minerals that cannot dissolve in water.

Until now, it was widely believed that meteorites (陨石) that struck Earth were mainly responsible for the presence of "bioavailable" phosphorus. Some meteorites contain a phosphorus mineral called "schreibersite", a highly reactive mineral that can form organic molecules.

But when lightning strikes the ground, it can create glassy rocks called "fulgurites" by super-heating and sometimes vaporizing rocks on the surface. This process frees the phosphorus locked inside. As a result, these "fulgurites" can contain "schreibersite", which can be dissolved in water, where life is thought to have formed.

The researchers say levels of phosphorus minerals caused by lightning strikes were found to have been higher about 

3.5 billion years ago. The researchers think this was about the age of the earliest-known fossils widely accepted to be those of microorganisms. Scientists believe the earliest bacteria-like organisms were formed in Earth's early waters. But there is a debate over when this happened and whether it happened in warm and shallow waters or in deeper waters.

New research does not completely cancel the theory that meteorites could have been another source of life-giving phosphorus. Meteor (流星) strikes around the time of the appearance of life are far less than thought a decade ago.

People worldwide are living longer. Today, for the first time in history, most people can expect to live into their sixties and beyond. By 2050, the world's population aged 60 years and older is expected to total 2 billion, up from 900 million in 2015. Today, 125 million people are aged 80 years or older. By 2050, there will be almost this many (120 million) living in China alone, and 434 million people in this age group worldwide.

The pace of population ageing around the world is also increasing dramatically. France had almost 150 years to adapt to a change from 10% to 20% in the proportion of the population that was older than 60 years. However, places such as Brazil, China and India will have slightly more than 20 years to make the same adaptation. 

A longer life brings with it opportunities, not only for older people and their families, but also for societies as a whole. Additional years provide the chance to undertake new activities such as further education, a new career or a long ignored passion. Older people also contribute in many ways to their families and communities. Yet the extent of these opportunities and contributions depends heavily on one factor: health. 

There is, however, little evidence to suggest that older people today are experiencing their later years in better health than their parents. While rates of severe disability have declined in high­income countries over the past 30 years, there has been no significant change in mild or moderate disability over the same period. 

If people can experience these extra years of life in good health and if they live in a supportive environment, their ability to do the things they value will be of little difference from that of a younger person. If these added years are affected by declines physically and mentally, the results for older people and for society are more negative.

Haley Curfman, 25, of Blackwell, Oklahoma, is a teacher at Blackwell Public School and last year she bought a plain(朴素的) white dress, which she set up a station in her classroom for her students to decorate, encouraging them to go and draw on the dress whenever they had free time. Haley set up a station at a table with the dress and some colored markers so that her students could draw on it, having first seen the idea on Pinterest.

After the kids had finished the design, she then surprised them all by wearing the dress to class, sharing pictures of herself in it on Facebook in a post that has since been shared over 200, 000 times.

For teachers looking to do something similar for their own students, Haley said that she bought the dress off Amazon for less than $ 20 about six months ago and pre-washed the dress before she started the project. She used markers from Walmart. But she said these things can be bought in other places. She said, "To do the project, I set up a station at a table with the dress and markers. It takes anywhere from two weeks to a month to complete as we just work on it here and there when time allows. You'd better give the students enough time so they don't have to hurry."

"Teachers have been sharing their dresses, T-shirts, etc. with me that they've been creating since the 1950s with the same idea. It is amazing, and I love the fact that you are sharing them with me! Thank you all so much for your kindness and support," she wrote on Facebook.

Asked why she came up with the idea, Haley told Scary Mommy. "We don't have art in our school, so, I always try to do little creative projects when possible."