相关试卷
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1、七选五
Simple Steps to Help You Cope With Anxiety
Anxiety involves feelings of worry, fear, and depress. Anxiety is typically experienced on cognitive, emotional, and physical levels. When feeling anxious a person may have negative or disturbing thoughts.
Stop and breathe
When anxiety appears, practice this simple breathing technique: Begin by getting into a comfortable seated position. Close your eyes and breathe slowly through your nose. Follow this inhalation(吸入)with a deep exhalation. , in and out of your nose. Allow your breath to be a guide to the present.
Figure out what's bothering you
In order to get to the root of your anxiety、you need to figure out what's bothering you. Writing in a journal can be a great way to get in touch with your sources of anxiety. If anxious feelings seem to be keeping you up at night, try keeping a journal or notepad next to your bed.
Replace your fears by changing your attitude about them. For example, stop fearing to lose your job and instead focus on how grateful you are to have a job. Come to work determined to do your best. Instead of fearing your loved one's safety, spend time with them, or express your appreciation of them.
Focus on something less anxiety- provoking
At times, it may be most helpful to simply redirect yourself to focus on something other than your anxiety. Do some chores or organizing around the house. such as drawing, painting, or writing. Go for a walk or engage in some other form of physical exercise.
A. Read some jokes
B. Take part in a creative activity
C. Focus on what you can change
D. Continue to breathe deeply and fully
E. Write down all of the things that are bothering you
F. Therefore, there are some useful steps you can. take to be happy
G. Fortunately, there are some simple steps you can take to manage your anxiety
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2、 阅读理解
Eating chocolate every day as part of your job sounds unreal, but it is a reality for chocolate tasters across the world. However, the job is full of challenges. Chocolate tasters work under pressure. If you are a chocolate lover and have thought about trying to be a chocolate taster in the future, you may want to think twice before you make the decision.
Chocolate tasting may involve lots of traveling. If you work for a chocolate seller, you will visit factories and attend chocolate tasting events to try new flavors (味道). If you work for a producer, you will visit raw (未经加工的) material suppliers to check on the quality of the raw products and to test different ingredients. Traveling will separate you from your friends and loved ones for long periods of time, which can create an emotional distance. Long trips may leave you feeling empty and lonely, which can affect the quality of your life.
Chocolate tasting requires that you take a lot of sugar and calories into your body, which can do harm to your health. Chocolate is also rich in saturated fats (饱和脂肪) and lacks vital vitamins and minerals that our bodies require daily. A career in chocolate tasting demands that you watch your diet; thus, you may have to limit or give up your intake of other calorie-rich foods. A chocolate taster who doesn't take good care of his personal health can develop diseases such as diabetes, tooth cavities, and so on.
Chocolate tasters must love chocolate and have a broad understanding of various chocolate flavors. While tasting, you are to take a bite and chew it for a few seconds, letting it slowly melt in your mouth and spread to all parts of your tongue to evaluate (评价) its flavors. You must pay attention to details and learn to identify flavors and quality quickly. You also have to taste some kinds of chocolate that you may not like. Besides, understanding customer preferences is very important. You will spend time studying customer-based research findings to try to determine the flavors that will meet their demands.
(1)、In order to take good care of themselves, chocolate tasters may have to ____.A、give up foods that contain fat B、take pills to ensure their intake of vitamins C、stop eating any food that tastes sweet D、limit foods that are high in calories(2)、The author may agree that ____.A、chocolate tasting is not a real job B、one had better think carefully about becoming a chocolate taster C、chocolate tasters live a special and interesting life D、one has to know everything to become a chocolate taster(3)、According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?A、One can be a good chocolate taster as long as he knows about chocolates. B、While tasting, the taster chews the chocolate to assess its recipe (食谱). C、The chocolate taster has the right to select the chocolate he/she prefers. D、The chocolate taster has to spend time studying customer preferences.(4)、Which would be the best title for the passage?A、How To Be a Chocolate Taster B、A Popular and Funny Career C、Chocolate Tasting Is No Sweet Job D、Earn a Living by Eating -
3、 阅读理解
Traditional feedback (反馈), which often involves criticizing past actions and performance, can sometimes be discouraging. However, there's a powerful alternative that has been gaining popularity—feedforward. Feedforward is about sharing constructive and forward-looking comments to help individuals and groups move forward together, building a positive path to collective progress.
Constructive feedback has long been a cornerstone of personal development. It helps individuals identify their weaknesses and areas for improvement, but it can sometimes feel like a constant spotlight on one's shortcomings. Feedforward, on the other hand, shifts the focus from past missteps to future possibilities. It is a tool that fosters (培养) a culture of growth, emphasizing what can be done to enhance one's performance and contribute to the overall betterment of a group or organization.
Instead of focusing on past mistakes or weaknesses, feedforward encourages people to recognize their strengths and potential, highlighting the possibilities of what they can achieve. This approach not only boosts confidence but also motivates individuals to struggle for excellence. In a world where negativity can often overshadow positivity, the power of feedforward lies in its ability to uplift and inspire people.
When applied in group settings, feedforward becomes a powerful tool for building unity and cooperation. Teams and organizations that welcome feedforward form an environment where team members feel valued and supported. By focusing on future improvement, teams can collectively work towards their goals, fostering innovation, and achieving better results.
Feedforward can also be valuable in building personal relationships. It can be used in families, friendships, and romantic partnerships to encourage personal growth and strengthen bonds. Feedforward instead of being judgemental increases confidence. By offering constructive and forward-looking comments, you can support your loved ones in their pursuit of happiness and self-improvement.
To successfully implement feedforward, it is essential to foster open and honest communication. It's about providing advice that is specific, practical, and, most importantly, constructive. The emphasis should always be on helping individuals identify their potential and offering suggestions for growth.
(1)、How does the author introduce the topic?A、By analyzing a scene. B、By stating a phenomenon. C、By providing an example. D、By making a comparison.(2)、What is the core of feedforward?A、Developing optimism. B、Enhancing interaction. C、Focusing on potential. D、Learning from experience.(3)、What does the underlined word "implement" in the last paragraph mean?A、Ask for. B、Pick up. C、Carry out. D、Reflect on.(4)、Which is the best title of the passage?A、Giving Effective Feedback B、The Power of Feedforward C、Feedback and Feedforward D、Looking Forward, Not Backward -
4、 阅读理解
Tours & Admission | Stan Hywet Hall & Gardens
Explore the former estate (庄园) of F. A. Seiberling, co-founder of The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company.
Guided Manor House Tour
Experience the Manor House through the eyes of a trained tour guide and learn more about what life was like at the estate when the Seiberling family lived here. This tour lasts about 75 minutes.
Non-member Adult 18+: $21Non-member Youth (ages 3-17) : $10
Children 2 & under: FreeStan Hywet Members: 50% off the non-member price
Nooks & Crannies Tour
Take this tour to learn more about the domestic staff who worked and lived at the estate. This tour lasts about 90 minutes. It includes several flights of stairs and narrow passageways and is not recommended for guests who are unable to stand or walk for long distances.
Non-member Adult 18+: $30Non-member Youth (ages 3-17) : $15
Children 2 & under: FreeStan Hywet Members: 50% off the non-member price
Gardens, Gate Lodge & Corbin Conservatory
Enjoy Stan Hywet's historic gardens and grounds at your own pace on this self-guided grounds tour. Purchase the ticket upon arrival.
Non-member Adult 18+: $15Non-member Youth (ages 3-17) : $7
Children 2 & under: FreeStan Hywet Members: Free
Guided Garden Tour
The Guided Garden Tour takes guests around the estate and focuses on how the Seiberlings worked closely with their landscape architect on the overall design of the property. This tour is offered at 11:30 am & 2:30 pm, May through September.
Non-member Adult 18+: $21Non-member Youth (ages 3 - 17) : $10
Children 2 & under: FreeStan Hywet Members: 50% off the non-member price
(1)、How much should a non-member married couple pay to explore the Manor House?A、$10. B、$20. C、$21. D、$42.(2)、What is special about Nooks & Crannies Tour?A、It runs seasonally. B、It is physically demanding. C、It offers a trained tour guide. D、It is only targeted at members.(3)、Which one allows you to tour at leisure?A、Guided Garden Tour. B、Nooks & Crannies Tour. C、Guided Manor House Tour. D、Gardens, Gate Lodge & Corbin Conservatory. -
5、 阅读理解
Founder is turning ownership of the company after nearly 50 years into two entities (实体) that will help fight the climate crisis.
Patagonia is a private company based in Ventura, California, which sells outdoor clothing and equipment, and was founded in 1973. Patagonia's founder Yvon Chouinard, who has previously expressed his unwillingness at gathering wealth, is giving away his company. The outdoor clothing company will now be in the hands of a trust and a nonprofit organization. All future profits will be donated to help fight climate change, the company announced Wednesday.
"It's been a half-century since we began our experiment in responsible business," Chouinard said. "As the business leader In ever wanted to be, I am doing my part" He added, "Instead of taking value from nature and turning it into wealth, we are using the wealth Patagonia creates to protect the resources. We're making Earth our only shareholder. I am dead serious about saving this planet."
Chouinard and his family will be turning over their entire ownership share into two newly created entities. Those entities will ensure that the company's values will continue to be upheld—and that Patagonia's profits are used to combat climate change.
"If we have any hope of a thriving planet 50 years from now it demands that all of us should do all we can with the resources we have. We want to both protect the purpose of the business and immediately and continuously release more funding to fight the environmental crisis. We believe this new structure delivers on both and we hope it will inspire a new way of doing business that puts people and the planet first." Chouinard said in a statement Wednesday.
This nonprofit organization will make sure that the company's annual profits, about $100 million per year, will be used to protect nature and biodiversity, support thriving communities and fight the environmental crisis.
(1)、What is the goal for donating Patagonia?A、To maximize shareholder value. B、To turn the structure of the company. C、To use its profits for protection of nature. D、To become a leader in the business world.(2)、What does the underlined word "thriving" in Paragraph 5mean?A、Limiting. B、Interesting. C、Promising. D、Rewarding.(3)、Which can best describe Mr Chouinard's plan?A、Kill two birds with one stone. B、Helping others is a virtue. C、Rose presented, smell remained. D、Actions speak louder than words.(4)、What is the focus of the author about Mr Chouinard?A、His pursuit of success. B、His social responsibility. C、His rich life experiences. D、His great business talent. -
6、 阅读理解
Researchers have found a chemical from a kind of worm (蠕虫) can break down one of the most common forms of plastic. The finding could open up new ways to deal with pollution.
There have been several studies showing that microorganisms can release enzymes (酶) that cause the plastics to start to break down, but that process may take a long time. The recently-discovered enzymes were found in the saliva (唾液) of the waxworm. They appear to act in only a few hours.
Federica Bertocchini is one of the researchers, who is also a beekeeper and always stores honeycombs, which are built by bees to store honey. One year Bertocchini found her honeycombs full of waxworms. She cleaned the honeycombs and put the worms in a plastic bag. When she returned later, she found that the bag was full of holes. She wondered if the worms were eating the plastic, or if there was a chemical reaction that caused the holes. "We checked and found that the plastics had been broken down," she said.
In her latest research, Bertocchini and her co-workers found two enzymes in the worm's saliva. The enzymes appeared to break down plastics in only a few hours.
Bertocchini's team is still trying to understand how the worms break down the plastics. They know much more research is needed before the findings can be used to process plastic waste. However, Bertocchini said the enzymes could be put into a water mixture and then put "over piles of collected plastics" in a waste center. She said that, in the future, the enzymes could be used in homes, where families could deal with their own plastic waste.
(1)、What can we learn about the microorganisms in para. 2?A、They are fond of eating small pieces of plastics. B、They are widely used to deal with plastic pollution. C、It takes long for their enzymes to break down plastics. D、They can easily produce a large amount of useful saliva in a short time.(2)、How did Bertocchini make the discovery?A、By accident. B、By keeping waxworms. C、By doing experiments. D、By studying bees.(3)、Why were there many holes in Bertocchini's bag?A、The bees flew to and bit it. B、There was a chemical reaction. C、There were some sharp things in it. D、The worms chewed and swallowed the plastic.(4)、What does the author think about the new method of breaking down plastics?A、It's a theoretical possibility, but it won't happen. B、It may replace the usual ways soon. C、It is getting increasingly popular. D、There is still a long way to go. -
7、你校英语报将出一期主题为"勇于面对挑战"的专刊,请你以"Growing through Challenges"为题目写一篇投稿。
要点:1. 结合个人的学习或生活,描述成长经历;2. 表达自己对待挑战的观点。
注意:词数80左右。
Growing through Challenges
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8、假定你是李华,上周五你校举办了以"Be Grateful to Parents, Cherish Life"为主题的班会。请你为校英文报写一篇报道,内容包括:1.活动的目的;2.活动的内容;3.你的感受。
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Meaningful Theme Class Meeting
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9、短文填空
A group of Chinese researchers issued a data map of the soil organic carbon (SOC) content for global black soil areas, (reveal) the quantification of agroecosystems and global food security, according to the recent issue of the journal Remote Sensing of Environment.
Research has shown that carbon cycle is (significant) influenced by agricultural soils. The accuracy mapping of SOC content can help to clarify the carbon sequestration capacity (碳汇能力), quantify agroecosystem and contribute global food security. But it is still challenging to acquire (rely) SOC content datasets.
The study (publish) in the journal was done by researchers from the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences. According to the journal, the researchers (collect) more than 191,000 scenes of remote sensing images and elevation model data, and used meta-learning convolutional neural network model (generate) high-resolution data map for global black soil regions.
The data in the study indicates that the SOC content in the global black soil regions shows a decreasing trend, which can be divided into the significant decrease phase from 1984 to 2000, the moderate decrease phase from 2001 to 2021.
The result from the study also shows that the four major black soil (region) in the world have different rates of SOC decline. The SOC decline rates of the Russian-Ukrainian Plain and the Pampas Plain of South America are higher than of the northeast China and the Mississippi River Basin in North America.
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10、短文填空
China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention all over the globe, as the country uses its technological expertise (专长) (release) new quality productive forces in the field of cleanliness.
A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received world's first road testing license for autonomous sweepers. The company's latest product, (launch) in March, combines three cleanliness tasks—sweeping, road spraying, and garbage transportation and is able to cut overall cleanliness operation costs by 70 percent. Equipped technologies including millimeter-wave radars (雷达), cameras and high-precision positioning, the sweepers can achieve precise edge fitting, safe obstacle (障碍) avoidance, emergency avoidance, flexible turning and direction switching during operation.
In recent months, its advanced technology and features have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as (visitor). The vehicles operate powerfully, especially during extreme weather. After completing the daily cleaning tasks, they (automatic) drive to the garbage collection area and complete dumping (倾倒) task by (they).
Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University's Belt and Road Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China have advantages in automation technology, smart management and the application of new energy, helps to improve safety and work (efficient).
"In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving (include) limited and low-speed environments such as distribution, shared travel, public transportation, ports and terminals, and mining operations," Liang said.
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11、 完形填空
Tidying your desk, watering your plants, folding clothes — these household chores (家务) are very common. I often find myself 1 these little chores. If the deadline of a task is coming, I'll clear up the papers 2 around my office to make me feel not so nervous.
I'm not 3 in this. As facing the influenza (流感), many people 4 finding new interest in looking after their homes as a way of 5 uncertainty. Psychologists (心理学家) say these chores may 6 encourage you to become active.
Little chores may be useful because they occupy the mind, leading us to devote fewer resources to the things that 7 us. We may find household makes us 8 when we finish them, but this depends on where we place our 9 .
In a study, researchers 10 51 participants into two groups. Half of them were encouraged to 11 focus on washing the dishes. "12 washing the dishes, one should be aware that he is washing the dishes". Another half only needed to know something 13 how to do washing without being encouraged to focus their awareness on the activity.
Finally, the participants were asked to take a questionnaire about their feelings. Those who had fully engaged with the experience reported a better mood. This included the reduced 14 and even a sense of "inspiration", as if the simple activity had 15 their minds.
(1)A 、enjoying B 、ignoring C 、submitting D 、tolerating(2)A 、disappeared B 、destroyed C 、placed D 、melt(3)A 、expert B 、lucky C 、experienced D 、alone(4)A 、screamed B 、agreed C 、opposed D 、guaranteed(5)A 、opening up B 、caring for C 、dealing with D 、setting up(6)A 、better B 、harder C 、less D 、heavier(7)A 、delight B 、frighten C 、surprise D 、upset(8)A 、crazy B 、disappointed C 、cheerful D 、simple(9)A 、dream B 、attention C 、hope D 、vacation(10)A 、fell B 、divided C 、built D 、got(11)A 、thankfully B 、gracefully C 、slightly D 、fully(12)A 、Unless B 、Why C 、While D 、How(13)A 、about B 、for C 、with D 、by(14)A 、energy B 、pressure C 、argument D 、work(15)A 、closed B 、praised C 、educated D 、refreshed -
12、 七选五
Bird flu: What threat to humans?
There are lots of different types of bird flu and most are harmless to people. Some can potentially spread from birds to people if there is prolonged and close contact.
How do people get it?
The biggest risk comes from prolonged and close contact with infected birds. . Bird flu cannot usually be passed from human to human. Scientists are concerned that the virus may one day mutate(变异) and acquire the ability to spread in people.
What are the symptoms?
The symptoms in humans are similar to those of other types of flu: a temperature, cough, headache, chills, aching muscles and a runny or blocked nose and sneezing. , and usually about three to five days after coming into contact with the virus.
What's the treatment?
If it's thought that you might have symptoms of bird flu, you'll be advised to stay at home, or you'll be cared for in hospital in isolation from other patients. Doctors can prescribe antiviral medicines to help prevent complications.
?
You can reduce your risk of infection by washing your hands regularly (particularly after going to the toilet and before handling food) and using a tissue when you need to cough or sneeze (and turning away from others if they are coughing/sneezing).
You can feed wild ducks and birds, but make sure you wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. Do not go near sick or dead birds.
Can I still eat chicken?
. Poultry and eggs can be safely eaten as long as they are handled hygienically and cooked thoroughly.
A. How can we avoid it
B. How can we prevent the spread of it
C. These symptoms can come on suddenly
D. You are advised to consult doctors when not feeling yourself
E. Painkillers such as paracetamol can also help with the symptoms
F. The virus is easily destroyed by cooking so there is no reason to worry
G. This means farmers who need to handle poultry are more likely to catch it
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13、 七选五
Five nutrition myths and what health experts want you to know instead
MYTH 1: Fresh fruits and vegetables are always healthier than canned, frozen or dried varieties.
Research has found that frozen, canned and dried fruits and vegetables can be just as nutritious as their fresh counterparts. However, some canned, frozen and dried varieties contain added sugars, saturated fats and sodium, so be sure to read nutrition labels, especially on prepared foods.
MYTH 2:_
By the 1980s, doctors, government health experts, the food industry and the media were reporting that a low-fat diet could benefit everyone. As a result, many people replaced calories from fat with calories from refined carbohydrates such as white flour and added sugar. In reality, healthy fats help reduce your risk. Examples of those include monounsaturated fats (found in olive oil, avocados and certain nuts and seeds) and polyunsaturated fats (found in sunflower oil, walnuts, fish and flaxseed).
MYTH 3: "Calories in, calories out" is the most important factor for maintaining weight.
It's true that if you burn more calories than you consume, you will probably lose weight. Rather, it's the types of foods we eat that may be the long-term drivers of those conditions. Ultra-processed foods can lead to weight gain.
MYTH 4: Plant beverages are healthier than dairy milk.
While the nutrition of plant-based beverages can vary, many have more added ingredients which can contribute to poor health than cow's milk. Almond (杏仁) beverage on the other hand, typically has one or two grams in the same amount.
MYTH 5: Potatoes are bad for you.
Potatoes have often been vilified in the nutrition community because of their high glycemic index, which can spike your blood sugar. However, potatoes are rich in vitamin C, potassium, fibre and other nutrients, especially when consumed with the skin on.
A. All fat is bad.
B. All fat is not beneficial.
C. The reason for this is that they are rapidly digested.
D. They are also inexpensive and available year-round in grocery stores.
E. Typically, cow's milk has about eight grams of protein per 250 millilitres.
F. They can be an easy way to make sure there are always fruits and vegetables available at home.
G. But research does not suggest that eating more will result in becoming overweight or obese.
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14、 七选五
Guidelines for Family Meetings
One good way to build cooperation among everyone in a family is to have a regular family meeting. Getting into the habit of family meetings takes time. Making the meetings work takes effort.
Meet at a regular time. A regular time might be once a week. Plan to have the meeting last from twenty minutes to an hour.
Make a list of topics. Some people call this list of topics an agenda. Post it on the refrigerator. Then people can add to it during the days before the meeting.
The leader reads the meeting list and keeps things on track. Still, letting each person in the family have a chance to lead is important. Younger children will need help to do this.
Take notes. Write down the agreements and plans made in the meeting. These written notes are the minutes. Take turns doing the job of note-taking. Some families put them on the refrigerator near the next meeting's agenda. Ask teens and older children to read the notes to younger children who don't read yet.
Take time for fun. Meetings are a good way to solve problems. To add fun to meetings, talk about good things. Thank each person for some help given during the week. Ask each person to do the same. Ask people to talk about what is good for them right now. This sets a positive tone. It also teaches your children to encourage other people—and themselves.
A. Take turns being the leader.
B. But that's not all they are for.
C. Here are some ideas to help you.
D. Some people wonder if a family meeting is worth the effort.
E. Find a place to post the notes so that everyone can read them.
F. This rule applies to parents as well as teens and younger children.
G. This helps you deal with the things that are important to each person in the family.
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15、 阅读理解
Polar bears normally feed on ringed seals that they catch on ice floes(浮冰) offshore. But as the ice disappears in a warming world, many bears are spending greater amounts of time on shore, eating birds' eggs, berries and grass. However the animals rapidly lose weight on land, increasing the risk of death. The polar bear has become the victims for global climate change, but the reality of the impact on this species is complicated.
Increasing global temperatures are now seen as their biggest threat. That's because the frozen Arctic seas are key to their survival. The animals use the sea ice as a platform to hunt ringed seals, mostly in late spring and early summer. But during the warmer months many parts of the Arctic are now increasingly ice-free.
To understand how the animals survive as the ice disappears, researchers carried out a study, where they followed the activities of 20 polar bears during the summer months over a three-year period. As well as taking blood samples, and weighing the bears, the animals were fitted with GPS-equipped video camera collars. This allowed the scientists to record the animals' movements, their activities and what they ate.
In the ice-free summer months, the bears adopted different strategies to survive, with some essentially resting and conserving their energy. The majority tried to search for vegetation or berries or swam to see if they could find food. Both approaches failed, with 19 of the 20 bears in the study losing body mass, by up to 11% in some cases. On average they lost one kilogramme per day. "Regardless of which strategy they were trying to use, there was no real benefit to either approach as far as being able to prolong the period that they could survive on land," according to lead author Dr Anthony Pagano, from the US Geological Survey in Alaska.
"It is likely that polar bears will disappear from areas where sea ice will be lost in future, but difficult to say just when and where," said Jon Aars from the Norwegian Polar Institute who was not involved in the study.
(1)、Why is global warming seen as the biggest threat to polar bears?A、Polar bears can not survive in warm environment. B、Polar bears can not find bird's eggs, berries, and grass. C、There are fewer ringed seals in warm environment. D、There are fewer ice floes for polar bears to hunt for food.(2)、Why did the researchers perform the study?A、To record the polar bears' health condition. B、To figure out how the bears survive without sea ice. C、To observe the daily activities of these polar bears. D、To fit the bears with GPS-equipped video camera collars.(3)、Which opinion will Dr Anthony probably agree with?A、The bears haven't found ways to live on land. B、It's efficient for the bears to rest and conserve energy. C、All the bears in the study lose weight greatly. D、The bears can not survive without ice floes.(4)、Where is the text probably taken from?A、A science fiction. B、A book review. C、An entertainment magazine. D、An environmental journal. -
16、 阅读理解
Paul Nelson runs a raspberry farm in the northern U. S. state of Minnesota. Raspberries are a popular red fruit that people like to eat in the summer. However, at the farm, Nelson and his team spend a lot of time worrying about fruit flies.
The flies cause damage by laying eggs in the fruit. Nelson said the flies can ruin fruit farms if farmers are not willing to put the time in to fight them. Farmers use chemicals to kill the flies or place covers over the fruit plants to protect them. It is a lot of work, and even with the hard work, they lose 20 to 30 percent of their crop each year.
Researchers at North Carolina State University are working to solve the problem. In the laboratory, they are changing the DNA of female flies to make sure that any babies they have are not able to reproduce. The scientists published their work recently in a publication called the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. They found that if they mated one of their flies with a normal fly, 99 percent of the later generations would not be able to reproduce. The scientists used computer models to make predictions and found that by releasing modified(改良的) flies over time, they could reduce the population of fruit flies in an area like a farm in only five months.
It is not the first time that scientists have considered modifying the DNA of an insect. Scientists are using genetically modified mosquitoes to reduce the population of the insects that cause diseases such as yellow fever, dengue and Zika. The use of gene modification technology has not been used as often in agriculture because it is easier to use pesticides (杀虫剂). Max Scott, a professor who worked on the study, said past methods for releasing genetically modified insects would be costly for farmers if they were used. However, his group is studying a new method which can reduce the population of fruit flies so fast that it would not cost so much.
(1)、What can we learn about fruit flies from the second paragraph?A、Crop is deeply affected by them. B、Chemicals can kill them completely. C、They inspire farmers to work harder. D、Farmers are not willing to fight them.(2)、How do researchers at North Carolina State University solve the problem?A、By killing the fruit flies directly. B、By mating fruit flies with mosquitoes. C、By making the baby flies unable to reproduce. D、By releasing more enemies of the fruit flies.(3)、Why does the author mention "genetically modified mosquitoes" in Paragraph 4?A、To explain a rule. B、To clarify a concept. C、To make a prediction. D、To make a comparison.(4)、What can be a suitable title for the text?A、Farmers' Worries about Fruit Flies causing Crop Loss B、Ways to Change Fruit Fly Genes to Help Farmers C、The Importance of Modifying the DNA of Fruit Flies D、Genetically Modified Fruit Flies as a Solution to Farm Loss -
17、 阅读理解
Born in Wales in 1950, Martin Lockley was a pioneer in the study of the dinosaur tracks and footprints preserved in rocks around the world. His work helped his fellow paleontologists (古生物学家) understand what the footprints can tell us about dinosaurs and the world that they lived in.
The footprints and tracks left behind by dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals are called trace fossils (痕迹化石). They can offer clues to how quickly an animal walked or ran and even what their skin may have looked like. Compared with the body fossils of bones and teeth, trace fossils contain evidence of the interactions that the animals had with their environment and can describe what the physical environment may have looked like. They offer a more reliable way to imagine the speed of a dinosaur than analyzing the bones.
Lockley's mother and father were nature lovers. Lockley loved to observe nature. His father inspired him to "just go out and observe and trust your observations", which proved important in Lockley's launching his future career in dinosaur research. He took that advice with him to Gunnison, southwest of Denver, the United States. While North America is home to some of the largest number of fossil footprints in the world, Lockley's work with prints and his father's words took him far and wide. He explored fossil and track sites in China, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom.
In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record. This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn't lose out on these precious relics of the past.
(1)、What can we know about trace fossils?A、They can reflect the then environment. B、They are mainly left by some larger animals. C、They can be easier to preserve than teeth fossils. D、They are as accurate as bone fossils in analyzing animals' speed.(2)、What contributes to Lockley's beginning his career in dinosaur tracks?A、His family's tradition. B、His father's encouragement. C、His love for dinosaurs and their footprints. D、His desire to find the largest dinosaur track site.(3)、What did Lockley do besides his professional research?A、He explored places of interest around the world. B、He guided fellow paleontologists in their work. C、He conserved and promoted dinosaur track sites. D、He educated the next generation of track hunters.(4)、Which can best describe Lockley's work?A、Dangerous. B、Time-consuming. C、Far-reaching. D、Demanding. -
18、 阅读理解
Tetraplegic paticnts (those who can't move their upper or lower body) are prisoners of their own bodies. Now a robot arm is to help them interact with their world. This research was completed by researchers at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne (EPFL). Professor Aude Billard and Jose del R. Millan worked together to create a computer program that can control a robot using electrical signals from a patient's brain.
First, the user wears an EEG cap to have their electrical signals inside their brain scanned(扫 描)effectively, which are then interpreted by the machine-learning algorithm (算法).The computer then sends signals to the robot arm to determine how it moves. As the robot arm performs a motion,the algorithm is looking to get feedback from the user when it makes a mistake: perhaps it moved too fast, or too violently. The end goal is that the robot can learn the right movements for a task in a given context. For example, you might want the arm to use a bit of force to throw a paper ball, but you might want it to be gentler when putting glass bottles.
In the team's research, they trained the robot arm to pick up a glass. The arm would move towards the glass and the user's brain would decide if they felt it was too close or too far away. The process is repeated until the robot understands the optimal route for the individual's preference - not too close to be a risk but not so far away to waste movement.
"Training an algorithm to read brain waves in a consistent fashion was the most challenging part, because the brain is not only focused on the hand but also processing many other things," said Millan. "This means our algorithm will never be 100 % accurate."
The researchers hope to eventually use their algorithm to control wheelchairs, which would allow people in wheelchairs to have greater control over their movements, speeds and general safety. However, this does require consistency over time to the algorithm.
(1)、Which paragraph mentions the working process?A、Paragraph 1. B、Paragraph 2. C、Paragraph 3. D、Paragraph 4.(2)、What does the underlined word "optimal" in paragraph 3 mean?A、Indirect. B、Best. C、Regular. D、Alternative.(3)、How can the accuracy of reading brain waves be improved?A、By controlling people's brain. B、By ensuring general safety. C、By processing other information. D、By gaining data continuously.(4)、What could be the best title of the text?A、This robot arm can read your mind. B、Robot arms control your movement. C、Algorithm finds cure for the disabled. D、Machine-learning algorithm can train robots. -
19、 阅读理解
"Half the park is after dark" is more than a clever saying; it's a way of life — especially for TylerNordgren. He's an artist, astronomer and national park lover who invented the expression and illustrated (加插图) the accompanying poster(海报) series for the national parks. The printed pictures show the midnight blue sky with the vastness (浩瀚)of the Milky Way. They usually picture a star-lit silhouette (轮廓) of one of the park's driving attractions, and most posters will mention "See the Milky Way" or "Half the Park Is After Dark."
Unfortunately, the night sky, or the actual night sky, isn't something most people get to experience fully. According to a recent study, over 80 percent of the world cannot see the whole night sky because of light pollution. From streetlights to buildings to giant advertisements — think Time Square in New York — artificial light illuminates( 照亮 ) the night sky, stealing the stars from us. This is why Nordgren encourages us to get away from light pollution and experience the true starry sky in a national park.
"Think about all the history and all the people who ever looked up at the stars and wondered about the universe. That's something that we no longer have today," says Nordgren. "Get out into nature, and see the universe beyond our own atmosphere. And when you see that, you feel awe ( 敬畏 )," says Nordgren. According to a 2018 study, experiencing awe can increase feelings of humility( 谦逊 ) — making one kinder, more modest and more positive. One can feel this sense of awe after hiking a mountain or seeing the Milky Way.
Imagine experiencing a national park after dark. As the sun goes down, the park empties. Many park visitors return to their campsites or hotels, and now the park is quiet and peaceful. "This is a great time to experience some of the park's best features," Nordgren says. "Your eyes will most likely adjust, but bringing a flashlight is always a good idea. It's always wise to make sure you're not hiking near cliffs(峭壁) in the dark and be aware of what sort of wildlife may be in the park."
(1)、What is shown in the posters?A、The night sky above national parks. B、The crowdedness of national parks. C、The life of national park lovers. D、The promise to the protection of national parks.(2)、What does the author indicate by mentioning Time Square?A、New York's nightlife is very busy. B、Stars are the wonders existing beyond technology. C、City life without artificial light is hardly possible. D、Stars can hardly be seen in the night sky because of light pollution.(3)、What is the finding of the 2018 study?A、Experiencing awe is helpful. B、Positive people tend to hike a mountain. C、It is difficult to see the Milky Way nowadays. D、People are becoming increasingly disconnected from nature.(4)、What do Nordgren's words in the last paragraph tell us?A、His concerns. B、His humor. C、His suggestions. D、His expectation. -
20、 完形填空
I had always felt like I didn't fit in at school. My true friends weren't in the crowd of1 kids in school, either.
Parading before me was "the fun group"—the popular kids—always laughing and whispering (低语).I wanted to be just like them and wished to be2 .
Later, my dream came true when I joined a cheerleading team. Immediately, I3 a lot—new dressing style and a new group of4 . Everything I had wanted to be, I was. I was5 one of the popular kids.
However, the more I was included with the "in-crowd", the more confused I became.6 these people were far from7 . They talked behind each other's backs while they8 to be best friends. They9 what I was wearing, but they weren't concerned about what my dreams were. I began to feel a sense of loss and 10 .
Worst of all, I11 that I was becoming just like them. I decided I had to get my life back12 .I concentrated on finding out who my real friends were—the ones who really mattered. I stayed with cheerleading, but I13 playing with only the popular kids. I found out that my real friends had never14 me. They were simply waiting for me. I finally learnt that my15 friends were all I would ever need.
(1)A 、busy B 、clever C 、popular D 、serious(2)A 、accepted B 、praised C 、challenged D 、respected(3)A 、thought B 、learnt C 、requested D 、changed(4)A 、teachers B 、classmates C 、neighbours D 、friends(5)A 、finally B 、responsibly C 、strangely D 、privately(6)A 、In shock B 、On hand C 、In fact D 、On earth(7)A 、alone B 、certain C 、perfect D 、unique(8)A 、dreamed B 、pretended C 、demanded D 、chose(9)A 、searched for B 、cared about C 、watched over D 、looked after(10)A 、excitement B 、curiosity C 、peace D 、disappointment(11)A 、begged B 、wondered C 、explained D 、realised(12)A 、in order B 、in need C 、in advance D 、in common(13)A 、stopped B 、began C 、continued D 、enjoyed(14)A 、cheated B 、left C 、helped D 、trusted(15)A 、lucky B 、popular C 、former D 、confident