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Najib is an Afghan who grew up in Iran. He led a tough life. When he found his children would be in the same situation, his family initially returned to Afghanistan. But with the country filled with conflicts, they decided to leave for Indonesia.

"When we first came here, we were in a bad situation. Its language, culture and even weather were different. We had moved away from friends and family," says Najib. "I was in a tough position but I acted strong because there were no other choices."

Refugees (难民) cannot work in Indonesia and there are limited choices for refugee children to attend local schools. Determined to avoid such a fate, a group of refugees in Puncak took action and scraped together (东拼西凑) their resources to set up a school—the Refugee Learning Center (RLC).

"Our only goal and task is to provide basic education, and prepare the refugee children for their future," says Abdullah Sarwari. "We're also trying to provide a normal life as much as possible for them."

The RLC has also started offering Bahasa Indonesia classes to the refugee community. "Between the refugee and the local community, I feel like there's a language barrier which stops the refugee from having an honest and open interaction with Indonesians," says Abdullah.

"If you try your best, to learn the language of a particular place or country, it really helps make things easier," says Najib. He is among those who signed up for classes, although he admits progress has been slow. But life has improved in some ways for him and his family.

Najib says, "The centre is an opportunity for refugee to show that they are not a burden. If they have the opportunity, they can accomplish big and great things like this."

We can all think of times when people didn't make remembering easy. Directions given at machine-gun speed. New people introduced in a flood of names and handshakes. Whenever information is passed between people, it's all too easy for it to go in one ear and straight out of the other. Thankfully, the opposite is also true. Look around you, and you'll see parents who can get their children to remember exactly what they were told; advertisers who know how to imprint their sales messages on our brains.

So, how do they do? Their secrets can be summed up in four simple words: focus, imagery, reasons and engagement.

FOCUS means ensuring that the person you're talking to can concentrate on learning. Choose your moment carefully. Check that they can properly hear or see the information. Communicate slowly and clearly enough for their memory to cope.

IMAGERY helps information to stick. Do everything your can to make other people "see" the ideas you're giving them. Add visual details to directions, and illustrate abstract concepts with metaphors.

REASONS to remember help people to put in the mental effort. So, make it clear that your words are important, and be explicit about why. Maybe this information will save them time, protect them from embarrassment, or let them enjoy a particular experience or event.

EMGAGEMENT requires you to ask questions. Point out links between new concepts and things listeners already know. Activate their senses, spark their curiosity, get them doing something physical, or simply make them laugh.

The next time you've got an important message to pass on, put some of these techniques to the test. You'll discover that there are benefits on both sides when you know how to FIRE people's memories into action.

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 不要出现真实的姓名和校名。

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