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Course Reserves: Materials placed on course reserve can be checked out for a short period, typically two hours. This system allows students in specific classes to borrow materials, but if materials aren't registered, students may experience difficulties accessing them. Professors must refer (提交) physical materials to the library first.

UR and Public Libraries: Students can search for additional materials in the DiscoverUR catalog. While some e-books in the UR Library have unlimited access, others have usage restrictions. Students can also use digital library cards for the New York Public Library and Monroe County Library, which offer e-books and audiobooks through Libby, providing another valuable resource for course materials.

Open Web Sources: Several open web platforms offer access to course materials, including the Internet Archive, Project Gutenberg, and Hathi Trust Digital Library. These resources are particularly useful for materials published before 1929, which will no longer be protected by copyright (版权) in 2025, and for some more recent academic works.

Students can find a guide to these options on the library's website and reach out to subject librarians for further assistance.

The final exam bell rang as I sat in my usual seat. Sunlight streamed through the windows, lighting up Lily's pencil box. The words "Honor First, Victory (胜利) Follows" shone like gold. These words had always been our belief. We'd been study partners since high school started, sharing sandwiches and celebrating tests under the old oak tree in the courtyard.

I was busy with my exam when her strawberry-shaped eraser, a gift from me last birthday, which once saw our late-night study, rolled near my math paper. Just one seat away, Lily took a deep breath. Her eyes darted (来回扫视) between the teacher and a folded paper in her grey sweater sleeve. It seemed that the words on the note she prepared beforehand had become unclear. So, Lily tapped my knee with her foot—our silent signal from soccer practices, then pushed another paper with several words toward me. Its edge caught the light, sharp and bright.

Raising my head, I saw Teacher Rivera pacing between desks, her glasses sliding down her nose. Out of nervousness, I felt my mouth dry. My pencil slipped from my sweaty fingers, dropping to the floor. The clock ticked loudly. Twenty minutes left, each second heavier.

The room was silent except for the clock. Telling on (告发) Lily meant losing three years of memories: movie nights, soccer games, and the snowy morning she brought me homework. Staying silent would break our promise of honesty. A fly buzzed against the window, like my thoughts.

I remembered a soccer game in the rain. Lily fell in the mud. "Honor first!" she said, refusing my help as she got up with bleeding elbows. Now her shoe pushed the paper closer. Her eyes begged through her hair.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

With fifteen minutes left, I knew I had to make a choice.

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After the exam, Lily and I sat in silence under the old oak tree.

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1.陈述现状；

2.提出建议。

注意：

1.写作词数应为100个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

How to Improve English Handwriting

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Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other people while you are at home alone. You can do this in a virtual choir. Virtual choir members record (they) while they perform alone on video. These videos (upload) onto the Internet, and then they are put together into one video that you can see online. A virtual choir enables them (add) their voices to those of others and become part of the global community.

Virtual choir was idea of award-winning composer and conductor Eric Whitacre. Born in the USA on 2 January 1970, Whitacre began studying music at the University of Nevada in 1988. Over the next 20 years, Whitacre's (origin) compositions began to become quite popular among choirs and singers. This led to the (create) of the virtual choir.

In 2009, Whitacre received a video of a girl who was singing one of his works. (inspire), he asked his fans to make videos, he then joined together into one performance. His first virtual choir, "Lux Aurumque", had 185 singers from 12 different countries. It has received millions of views on the Internet. Since then, the virtual choir (become) a worldwide phenomenon.

The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing with one voice thus make the world a better place.

Jake froze. The coach's3 repeated, "Shoot! Shoot!" His teammates waved wildly. For a heartbeat, Jake4 the basket — then dropped the ball and knelt beside Marcus. "Need help?" he asked. Marcus, pale but5, nodded.

Taking no notice of the crowd's confused cheers, Jake6 helped Marcus to the bench. The judge blew the final whistle — Jake's team7. In the locker room, some teammates complained about the missed8, but Jake felt no regret.

Two weeks later, a(an)9 arrived. Marcus's 8-year-old sister Lucy, who used wheelchair due to poliomyelitis, a kind of disease, had made a medal marked "True Hero". Her letter read, "Watching you help Marcus made me10 to keep trying in physical treatment. Now I help other kids at the hospital too."

Years later, coaching a youth team, Jake saw a member stop to help a fallen player. The boy11 Jake, who gave a thumbs-up. In that moment, Jake understood: the greatest victories aren't those12 in books of honors, but the ones that13 in human hearts. That long-ago decision to14 a shot had started a chain reaction of15 that no scoreboard could measure.

"Life is precious.... To a person nothing is more precious than their life." Many people rush through life going after big goals without stopping to appreciate the small joys around them. By learning to appreciate the present, we can find happiness in ordinary things. Here are some ways to embrace (拥抱) life fully.

Start your day with gratitude. When you wake up, think of three things you're thankful for. It could be sunshine, a warm bed, or a friend's smile. This simple practice helps you begin the day positively and changes your mindset toward contentment.

Stop worrying too much about the future. For example, instead of anxiously thinking about exams, focus on preparing well today. Remember, the future is shaped by what we do now, and excessive stress only robs you of present joy.

Take time to notice the world around you — the sound of birds singing, the smell of fresh bread, or the feeling of wind on your face. These small moments make life beautiful and remind us how magical everyday experiences can be.

Be kind to yourself and others. Everyone faces challenges, but kindness makes difficulties easier to bear. Showing kindness to yourself gently reduces the sadness within. When you spread positivity, you'll find life becomes more joyful and meaningful, creating a ripple effect of goodwill.

Life is short, but by living mindfully, we can make every moment count. So pause, breathe, and cherish the gift of each new day.

A. It doesn't have to be something big.

B. Slow down and enjoy simple pleasures.

C. Focus on the present and let go of worries.

D. Helping others also brings happiness to yourself.

E. However, planning ahead is still necessary for success.

F. Therefore, we should value each day and live it to the fullest.

G. They forget that happiness lies in the journey, not just the destination.

Eating bugs as a replacement for larger farm animals could contribute greatly to a more sustainable (可持续的) world. Bugs have a high feed-to-product rate and use much less materials than traditional farm animals per pound. According to an article written by the former manager of the Toronto Food Policy Council, Wayne Roberts, "Eatable insects don't appear on any endangered species lists, and their sustainable use could help protect other wildlife since the approach may contribute to habitat protection."

The nutritional benefits of eating bugs can be important in fighting childhood deaths, and malnutrition (营养不良) rates. Monica Aiyeko of the Food and Agriculture department at Bondo University College has studied and published the effects of including native crickets into school meal programs in Kenya. Her studies have found that about 30% of Kenyan households are short of food, leading to wide-spread malnutrition among children, particularly under the age of 5. Putting bugs into school feeding programs could provide children with the necessary nutrients to prevent poor growth. Generally, bugs are extremely nutritionally beneficial, rich in protein, omega-3 fats and iron.

The popular Western opinion is best stated by New York Times writer Ligaya Mishan, "Europeans, and European settlers in North America, never had a bug-eating tradition. Indeed, we largely consider insects dirty and related to disease. This is a big misunderstanding that we need to clear up. All I want is a food cultural change, is that so much to ask?"

One of the most significant applications is adaptive learning platforms. These AI-powered tools study students' performance in real-time, adapting difficulty levels and providing personalized response. Research from Stanford University shows that students using such platforms achieve 23% higher retention rates (保留率) compared to traditional teaching methods. Dr. Helen Carter, an educational technologist at MIT, stresses, "AI doesn't replace teachers but enables them to recognize learning gaps more effectively and personalize instruction accordingly."

Beyond personalized learning, AI is also changing judging methods. Automated essay scoring systems can now judge student writing with remarkable correctness, while AI-powered analytics help teachers track class-wide progress instantly. A 2024 UNESCO study found that schools using AI-assisted scoring saved an average of 6 hours per week, allowing educators to focus more on individual student needs.

However, concerns remain about possible disadvantages. Professor David Miller from Harvard warns against overdependence, "AI systems trained on limited databases may generate problems if not carefully monitored." His 2024 study found that 17% of AI-powered response contained cultural assumptions that didn't match learners' contexts. Additionally, some educators worry that AI overusing might reduce key human interaction in the learning process.

The agreement among researchers is that AI works best as an assistant rather than a replacement. A comprehensive meta-analysis of 50 studies (Johnson et al.,2024) concluded that blended learning — combining AI tools with human instruction — brings the highest student engagement and achievement levels. The report stresses that proper teacher training and clear moral guidelines are necessary for successful application. As Dr. Carter observes, "The future of education isn't AI or teachers — it's AI and teachers working together."

The rhythm (节奏) had me advancing toward it without realizing what I was doing. Suddenly I was outside the museum. The spell was cut off to search for a familiar face, and there it was: the face of my classmate Antonio. Also drawn by the music and curiosity, he had wandered outside as well. I arrived at his side just in time to watch the performance of "Los Voladores de Papantla" (the Papantla Flyers) — a ceremony born centuries ago to beg for rain during drought.

It includes five people climbing a very tall pole. One of the flyers remains atop the pole, playing a flute and drum, while the others, tied to ropes at the top of the pole, spin around the pole, slowly going down until they reach the ground. Each part of this ceremony is a symbol. The 4 flyers represent the 4 directions (North, South, East, and West) and the 4 earth elements (earth, water, air, and fire). They spin 13 times around the pole before landing, representing the 52 weeks of the year (13 times around the pole x 4 flyers=52).

Many years later, I was in Cholula, when I heard a flute and a drum inviting everyone in the city to see the ceremony. This time, I wasn't looking for a familiar face under the spell of an unknown rhythm. My heart immediately recognized the sound, so I quickly took my husband's hand and ran across the square, where the two of us found the best spot to watch the ceremony.

Sitting next to him, I was taken back to my youth, amazed by the flute, drum, and dancers flying above. This, along with the warm summer sun and Mexican candy on my face, made me feel like I was home. I was completely content.

What is the Global Citizen Festival?

Global Citizen Festival is an annual music festival where fans take action toward ending extreme poverty (贫穷) in order to earn free tickets. Our festivals bring together Global Citizens, artists, advocates, world leaders, charity groups, business leaders, and more, with one collective mission: end extreme poverty now. It's a moment both to celebrate all we have achieved together, and all we continue to achieve together.

The first Global Citizen Festival took place on September 29, 2012, with 60,000 people in attendance on the Great Lawn in New York's iconic Central Park. Since then, artists like Rihanna, Beyoncé, JAY-Z, Pearl Jam, Stevie Wonder, Coldplay, Billie Eilish, and many more have performed on Global Citizen Festival stages around the world.

Global Citizen Festival is timed to take place at the same time with the UN General Assembly (联合国大会) to find opportunities to get policy and financial support from government, business, and charity leaders to defeat poverty, demand justice, and defend the planet.

How can I get tickets to Global Citizen Festival?

Tickets to Global Citizen Festival are awarded through points earned by taking action to fight extreme poverty, such as signing petitions (请愿), calling your political representatives, taking part in challenges, and more. Find out more about past Global Citizen Festivals here.

It was a gloomy afternoon, with dark clouds hanging low in the sky, making the already old-fashioned campus seem even more deserted. After the last class of the day, I walked across the campus with my close classmate, Tom. As we neared a quiet corner beside the old library, a series of faint meowing sounds (猫叫声) pierced the stillness. Our curiosity piqued, we exchanged a glance and immediately traced the source of the noise.

Behind a messy stack of old boxes, we discovered a minuscule, emaciated cat. Its once-soft fur was now caked with dirt, and its small body trembled ever so slightly, a clear indication that it had suffered from days of hunger and cold. A profound sense of pity welled up within us. Tom bent down slowly, his hand extended gently, his voice soft as he tried to lead the frightened animal out. At first, the cat was frightened, its wide-eyed gaze fixed on us in fear. But gradually, after a few moments of cautious sniffing (嗅), it timidly stepped out from its hiding spot.

We knew we couldn't abandon this helpless creature. Tom proposed taking it to the school infirmary (医务室), believing the school doctor might be able to assess its condition. I nodded in instant agreement, yet a tinge of worry crept in as we pondered how the school authorities would respond to us bringing a cat into the infirmary.

Just at that moment, Lily, a classmate with a kind heart and a skill of animal care, happened to pass by. The moment she laid eyes on the pitiful cat in our arms, her expression softened. She informed us that she had experience in dealing with stray (走失的) animals and eagerly offered her assistance. With Lily on board, our determination to save the cat grew tenfold. We held the cat gently and made our way towards the infirmary, filled with hope and a touch of nervousness.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。

On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look.

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Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat.

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Have you come across or used the phrase "city bu city" (literally meaning "city or not city") recently? Created by a foreign blogger in a short video of his visit to the Great Wall, this internet buzzword is used (question) whether a place has the fashionable style and atmosphere of a big city.

Currently, millions of foreigners are visiting and exploring China. Their vlogs showing their travels in China (go) viral on social media since the visa-free transit policy was implemented (执行), allows travelers from 54 countries to explore China for up to six days without a visa, provided they have a valid (有效的) international travel document and a connecting ticket for (depart) within 72 or 144 hours.

As a tangible (实际的) move by China, the policy has (significant) boosted tourism. The first three months of this year saw approximately 1.98 million foreigners enjoy visa-free entry into China, increase of 266 percent year-on-year. China has also improved mobile payment accessibility (可及性) and simplified the visa application process, (make) it easier for tourists to visit.

The policy not only makes visiting China (convenient) for foreigners, but also encourages them to engage more closely with the daily lives of ordinary Chinese people, rethink what they see in Western media and dispel (消除) old stereotypes (刻板印象) about China. "So this is we decided to come to this country — we wanted to see exactly what it's like for (us)," said a man from Ireland.

After Oscar's1 in January 2020, his owner Katie Salt checked CCTV (监控) put posters up around the area and2 the word on social media. They also reported him3 to Petlog with whom he is microchipped, and contacted various shelters and vets in vain. In a press4 from the Kennel Club, Katie said, "We5 concluded he must have died during the snowstorm, but our6still scanned everywhere, whenever we were out driving, and to be honest this never7 ."

Three years later, Katie received a8 from a vet to say that they had Oscar — he had been living in a garden just six miles away! The garden's9 had been looking after Oscar and when Oscar was ill, this kind man, who possessed the garden, took him to a vet for10 , where they found a microchip and were able to finally11 Katie. Now12 , he has been enjoying warm cuddles with his long lost family.

Bill Lambert, a spokesperson for Petlog, said, "We're so13 that Oscar and Katie have been reunited. Their story shows just how important it is for owners to14 their pets, keep their contact details up-to-date with their microchip database, and to15 hope no matter how much time has passed."

Nigel Raine, a professor in the school of environmental sciences at the university and the study's lead author, expressed his astonishment at the results. To further explore this phenomenon, Raine and his team conducted an experiment involving 143 hibernating queen bumblebees. They discovered that those placed underwater for up to seven days had similar survival rates to those not, indicating that the bees' ability to survive such conditions may be more common than previously thought.

The research underlines the strength of bumblebees during their hibernation period. a critical phase in their life cycle that has remained largely unexplored. Queen bumblebees typically hibernate alone in small holes during the cold months, which are believed to protect them from flooding. However, this study reveals that these bees possess an unexpected adaptation, allowing them to survive even in flooded conditions.

Given these findings, one possible explanation for their survival is diapause, a state of suspended growth and reproduction characterized by reduced oxygen intake. During this state. bumblebees may close their spiracles (气孔) to prevent water from entering their bodies, and they might also breathe through their skin. This energy-saving mode is likely a key factor in their ability to survive beneath the water.

Raine emphasized the importance of understanding these mechanisms, as it could have significant implications for the study of wild insects that help with plant reproduction, which are crucial for food security and ecosystem health, His team's research will aim to determine whether hibernating queens can survive even longer periods underwater and if similar strength exists in other bee species.

Tony Prescott, professor of cognitive robotics at the University of Sheffield argues that AI has an important role to play in preventing human loneliness. Just as we develop meaningful bonds with pets, so should we be open to the value of AI to adults, he says.

The degree of the loneliness problem has become clear in recent years. In the UK, more than 79%, or nearly four million people, are known to experience chronic loneliness, meaning they feel lonely often or always. According to a Harvard study from 2021, more than a third of Americans feel serious loneliness, and some of the worst- affected are young adults and mothers with small children.

The knock-on effects on wellbeing are also better understood. Loneliness is linked to more heart disease, dementia, stroke, depression, anxiety and premature death, with an impact on mortality (死亡率) equal to smoking up to 15 cigarettes a day. Failure to address the problem, would see the world continuing to splinter until we can no longer stand as a community.

Whether AI can, or should, be part of the solution is not a new debate. Murali Doraiswamy, professor of psychiatry and medicine at Duke University in North Carolina, said: "Right now, all the evidence points to having a close human friend as the best solution for loneliness. But until society prioritizes social connectedness, robots are a solution for the millions of people who have no friends." "We need to be careful to build in rules to ensure they are moral and trustworthy, and that privacy is protected."

Driving around town and noticing recruitment (招聘) signs, he decided to dig further. "Speaking to fire chiefs, I realized they are in crisis since more than 60% of all firefighters in the US are volunteers, and rural areas can't get young people to join," he says. "The chief was trying to recruit me, saying that it didn't matter about my age." Miller realized that volunteering would be a good way to become a part of the community, so he signed up to train as a firefighter.

"The training owned my life for three months, with night classes and Saturday sessions covering everything from operating a pump panel to throwing ladders (梯子)," he says. "We started every session with a ‘donning drill', racing to put 18k of equipment on in under a minute. We sometimes had to do it four or five times and I was staggering (摇晃) by the end. It immediately improved my fitness."

Averaging 60 callouts a year, Miller has experienced his hair- raising moments. "I've been on car fires and wildfires, which are stubborn and difficult. Cars can also give off some gnarly fumes when they are melting," he says. "The worst feeling is when you get paged, show up and you're the only one at the station. That happened once when I was early into my training and it was terrifying thinking I would have to lead the callout."

The greatest impact has come from helping people during some of the worst moments of their lives. "It's massively rewarding to put yourself out there for strangers and they are so grateful for us, too," he says. Despite initially thinking he would stop volunteering at 70, Miller is now committed to carrying on. "One of the essential things in life is to feel that your efforts have meaning and that you are making a difference. I'll keep going as long as I'm able. It gets in your blood." he says.

The One-Minute Workout by Martin Gibala

For many of us, the problem is not to improve a workout, but to find time to exercise at all. Gibala's eight fundamental interval workouts and four micro-workouts can be used as an alternative to quickly increase strength and endurance in hardly any time! It's considered to be one of the best fitness books for beginners!

The Champion's Mind by Jim Afremow

In his book, sports psychologist Jim Afremow. PhD, talks about how to stick to goals and keep yourself challenged over time. Though written with athletes in mind. this book would inspire anyone to approach their long-term goals.

How Bad Do You Want It by Matt Fitzgerald

This book is a great look into the attitude it takes to truly push yourself to those ultimate limits. I've had many runners who recommend this book themselves when I ask for favorites. I think it's just a book that helps you figure out how to dig deep and what's happening when you feel like stopping.

Becoming a Supple Leopard by Glen Cordoza

The book features hundreds of step-by-step photos for popular exercises like squats and kettlebell swings pointing out common mistakes. It's a top resource for staying healthy and injury-free!

It was a cool fall morning, and the sun was just starting to rise, casting a warm light to the quit neighborhood. For Alex, the high school junior with a deep passion for science, was filled with both excitement and nervousness. Today marked the final presentation of his science project, which he had been working on for months. The topic was renewable energy, and Alex had built a model of a solar-powered car. He hoped it would help him win the regional science fair.

Alex checked his bag one last time: notes, sides, and the model car. Just as he was about to leave, his younger brother Ax came into the room with big, sorry-looking eyes. In his hand, he held a broken piece of the car's solar panel. "I'm really sorry, Alex!" Ax said in a very quiet voice, his head down because he felt guilty. "I was just so curious. I wanted to see how it worked, and I didn't mean to break it."

Alex's eyes opened wide in shock, and his heart felt like it dropped to the bottom of his stomach. The presentation was in a few hours, and there wasn't time to fix it. He thought about explaining what happened, but he was worried it would sound like an excuse and make him less likely to win. He could put a battery in the car and act like nothing was wrong. But when he thought about it, he felt uncomfortable. He was proud of being honest, and the idea of cheating, even a little bit, made him feel sick.

As he walked to school, his steps were slow and heavy. He thought about all the late-night hours he spent working at his work bench, how frustrated he was when the circuits didn't work, and how happy he was when the car finally moved using solar power. His dreams of winning the competition and being recognized for his hard work seemed to be going away. But then he remembered the talks at the dinner table a long time ago, when his parents told him how important it was to be honest, responsible, and keep trying. Their words kept playing in his mind. By the time he got to the school gates, a determined look was on his face. He knew exactly what he had to do.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Alex stood in front of the class and judges, feeling nervous.

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Later that day, Alex received an email from the science fair organization.

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1. AI 可能取代的工作及原因；

2. 青少年应如何面对。

注意：

1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear fellow students,

I'm Li hub, and I'm quite honored to talk about "AI and Job Replacement".

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Thank you!

Meng Jintao, now 29, developed an advanced iron-based energy storage system inspired by childhood power out ages in his hometown. The system is efficient, safe, and long-lasting, (offer) a significant improvement in energy storage. Ming founded his company in Hubei to bring his innovation to life.

During his studies on new energy materials at Hefei University, Meng realized the instability of wind energy and the call better storage solutions. He created the iron-based flow energy storage system. Unlike lithium (锂) batteries, Meng's system uses inexpensive iron, making it (cheap) and fire-resistant.

In 2020, Meng successfully tested the first iron-based battery while studying at Huazhong University of Science and Technology in Wuhan. After graduation, he furthered his studies in America., he ultimately decided to return to China in 2021 to contribute to the country's carbon goals. By 2021, his team (complete) their first small energy storage system, and in 2022 they sold their first large system, was well-received.

Meng's success as innovator is rooted in his technical skills, his commitment to research, and government support. His technology is now recognized as a major project in China, with its (adopt) in Wuhan reducing electricity costs by over 20 % annually. Looking ahead, Meng (aim) to improve his technology and integrate it with carbon reduction goals to make energy storage safe and more affordable (global).