相关试卷

Slowly but surely, we're moving closer and closer to 5G world. From smart-home security to self-driving cars, all the internet-connected devices in your life will be able to talk to each other at lightning-fast speeds with reduced delay, Objectively speaking, the fastest 4G download speeds in the U. S. top out at an average of 19.42 Mbps. But by comparison 5G promises gigabit (千兆) speeds.

"5G is one of those signs, along with artificial intelligence, of this coming data age, " said Steve Koenig, senior director of market research for the Consumer Technology Association. "The self-driving vehicle is a great emblem of this data age, and that is to say, it is a sign of time, because with one single task, driving, you have massive amounts of data coming from the vehicle itself, and a variety of sensors are collecting a lot of information to model its environment as it moves. It's pulling in data from other vehicles about road conditions down the lane. It could be weather information, but also connected infrastructure (基础设施) construction. There's lots of data behind that task, which is why we need high speed.

Augmented reality glasses and virtual headset haven't yet broken the mainstream, but tech companies are joyfully betting that these devices will eventually replace our smartphones. With 5G, that could actually happen. This is notable because companies such as Apple are reportedly developing AR glasses to assist — or perhaps even replace — smartphones.

Ericsson stated at February's Mobile World Congress how smart glasses could become faster and lighter with a 5G connection, because instead of being weighed down with components, the glasses could rely on hardware for processing power.

But don't get too excited. There's still a lot of work to be done in the meantime, including various trials to make sure the radios play nicely with hardware and infrastructure construction so 5G isn't concentrated only in big cities.

 Will life in the future be better, worse or the same as now? Futurologists（未来学家）predict that life will probably be very different in 2050. 

 First of all, it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050. A computer will send the program directly to the television. On TV screen appear holograms（全息图）, which are pictures with certain height, width and depth. We will be able to see, smell and touch the things that we see on television. 

Water has become one of our most serious problems. Agriculture is changing and people are growing more fruit and vegetables to export. Demand for water will increase ten times in 2050. Some futurologists predict that water will be the cause of war if we don't act now.

In transport, cars will run on new fuels and go very fast. A car will have computers to control its speed and there won't be any accidents. On the other hand, space planes will take people around the earth in about three hours. People will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo by space plane in just half an hour.

 In the field of technology, robots will have replaced people in factories. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere. They do not ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a day.  

 Medicine technology will have conquered many diseases by 2050; we will be able to help blind and deaf people see again and hear again. Scientists have discovered how to control genes. They have already produced clones of animals and will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look, how they behave and how much intelligence they have. If you want all this to come true, you should study science and technology hard. 

 Kim Hyung-ho arrived in China from the Republic of Korea on Aug 24,1992, which happened to be the same day that the two countries officially established diplomatic relations. Kim, just 19 at the time, came to China to study traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a medical system with thousands of years of history and which enjoys popularity in many countries. 

Kim's passion for TCM took root in his teenage years after he had a twisted ankle treated with acupuncture. "It's incredible that a little needle can have such magical powers. That experience inspired me to learn authentic TCM in the place from which it originated, " recalls Kim.

In 2013, he was hired as a TCM specialist by the international clinic of Qingdao Municipal Hospital. "Doctor Kim is a professional, hardworking and nice, " says Sun Jie, director of the clinic. "He also helps bridge the communication gap between our staff and Korean patients. " For those who have difficulty moving around, Kim will go to the patient's home to offer treatment.

Apart from his daily work, Kim has also volunteered to provide free medical consultations in the countryside. He found that many rural people have been suffering from long time diseases such as high blood pressure, but are not aware of their conditions, let alone attend regular checkups. As a result, Kim led fellow volunteers to collect lists of people from different villages. The lists were handed to local authorities to keep track of the patients' treatment. Kim also provided guidance for village doctors, which helped improve the standard of treatment in the area.

Three decades have passed since Kim set foot in China, and he's very grateful for what he has gained in the country. "Medicine does not have boundaries. As a TCM doctor, I will continue to communicate with doctors in Korea and other countries to help it spread and flourish even further, so that more people can understand its excellence, " says Kim.

The frightening day of our diving test was here. Our parents thought we were lucky to have an Olympic-size swimming pool at the school. My mom stressed that the swimming pool was one of the best in our city. But I didn't feel happy about it at all. Instead, I felt afraid of the swimming pool. It was mainly because I was terribly shy. 

I was so shy that I always sat at the back of the room in class so I'd not be called upon to read. As for the present physical education class each Monday morning, I would work my way to the back of the line forming at the diving board so I would not have to practice the dives. 

Now, it was another Monday morning - the morning of our diving test. My blood ran cold when the teacher Ms. Robbins announced that we would be graded for our final on the most difficult dive- the jackknife. And she added, "This diving test is important. The one who fails has to spare time in the following Monday mornings to practice diving in this swimming pool and attend this test again. " 

My body kept shaking with fear as the line to the scary diving board shortened. As I watched, each student seemed to perform the challenging dive effortlessly. And shortly I would have to attempt something that I had never even practiced before. 

Then I remembered someone telling me that when you picture yourself doing a skill over and over, it's just as effective as physically practicing that skill. So I watched carefully as each classmate jumped at the end of the board once, added a jump for height, folded their body in half to reach for their toes, and finally straightened out like an arrow for going into the water. After carefully watching for a while, I was actually in a state of surprise, because all of a sudden I realized that it was possible for me to perform these four steps of diving. 

Eventually all classmates except me finished jumping. The teacher announced that it was my turn. 

注意：1. 续与词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。 

With my heart knocking wildly, I walked down the diving board towards its end. 

……

Knowing I failed, I climbed out of the pool, embarrassed. 

注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。 

Dear Mary,  

……

Yours, 

Li Hua

It's almost time for me  （say） goodbye to Australia. I  （enjoy） my time here very much. After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures  make up the nation. Although the main cultural influence  1788 has been western culture, minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture, with many of the new  （culture） influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas  have parents who were born overseas. 

 （personal） speaking, what I like most about Australia  （be） the people themselves.  have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went. After experiencing Australia, I have to say that I agree  the tourism slogan： "There's nothing like Australia."

Once there was a small boy named Bob. He came from a1 family, struggling with life every day. One day, he was crossing the forest carrying some2 . He saw an old man who was very3 . Bob wanted to give the old man some food, but he did not have any. So he4 walking. A few minutes later, he saw a deer who was very thirsty. He was eager to5 him, but he did not have water. So he went on his way ahead. 

Then he saw a man who wanted to make a6 to keep warm, but he did not have wood. Bob7 some wood to him. In return, he gave Bob some food and water. Then Bob went back to help the old man and the deer, who were very8 . 

One day Bob fell down from the9 . He couldn't move because he was10 . but no one was there to help him.11 , the old man whom he had helped before saw him. He quickly came and pulled him up the hill. Bob had many12 on his legs. The deer whom Bob had helped saw them and13 to the forest and brought some herbs（草药）. Soon Bob14 . All of them were very15 that they could help each other. 

Four goals for Perfect LifeHealthy and Fit 

The first goal common to all of us is health and energy.  Today, with the incredible advances in medical science, the quality of our health and fitness, and our lifespan（寿命）, is largely determined by design, not by chance. People with excellent health habits are far healthier, have more energy, and live longer and better than people who have poor health habits.  

Excellent Relationships 

Fully 85% of your happiness will be determined by the quality of your relationships at each stage, and in each area, of your life. How well you get along with people, and how much they like, love and respect you, has more impact on the quality of your life than perhaps any other factor.  

Do What You Love 

The third common goal is to do work that we enjoy, to do it well, and to be well paid for it. . You want to earn the very most that is possible for you at each stage of your career, whatever you do.  

The fourth goal we all have in common is to achieve financial independence. . You want to be completely free of financial worries. You want to be able to order dinner in a restaurant without using the price listings to determine what you want to eat.  

A. You don't want to get the job.  

B. Achieve Financial Independence 

C. Money is the most important.  

D. You want to reach the point in life where you have enough money so that you never have to worry about money again.  

E. You want to be able to get and keep the job you want, to get paid more and promoted faster.  

F. The second goal that we all have in common is to enjoy excellent relationships--intimate, personal or social--with the people we like and respect, and who like, love and respect us in turn.  

G. We all want to be healthy and fit, to have high levels of energy and to live free of pain and illness. 

Young male African elephants show calmer behavior when older, more experienced male elephants are around, according to a new study. Experts say the discovery could help to protect both elephants and humans. 

Researchers from the University of Exeter, in south-west England and the charity Elephants for Africa studied the behavior of 281 male elephants （known as bulls） in Botswana's Makgadikgadi Pans National Park over three years. At between 12 and 15 years old, bull elephants leave the herd where they grow up and then spend much of their time either alone or with other males. Females, in contrast, stay with the herd they were born into. 

To see if there were patterns in the way males behaved after leaving their herd, the researchers divided them into four groups：two groups of adolescents （aged 10-15 or 16-20 years old）, and two groups of adults （aged 21-25 or over 26 years old）. They found that the younger males were more likely to be aggressive towards non-elephant targets, such as other animals and vehicles when there were fewer older adult bulls to mix with. Connie Allen from the University of Exeter, who led the study, suggests this may be because the young bulls on their own are less experienced at identifying threats to their safety. That means they are more likely to become fearful, which makes them attack. 

Allen said the research revealed an important role for older male elephants who have often been thought of as not very useful in elephant society. This mistaken belief has led wildlife authorities to allow some hunting of older males, reducing their numbers and their possible calming influence on younger bulls. In the area where the elephants live, 71% of people said they felt that elephants threaten their safety. The research suggests that having more older males could help with the problem. 

There have been a few times in my life when I felt very lonely. I particularly remember my loneliness when I moved to New York City. I had a couple of friends in the city, still, it was a time in my life when I needed to put forth some effort to form more meaningful relation-ships. But the more I went out to parties, the more disconnected and lonely I felt. Feeling lonely in a room full of people, or in my case, a whole city packed with people everywhere, was the loneliest I have ever felt. 

So, rather than trying a new way to make friends, I was more likely to ignore phone calls from friends, and I looked at social invitations and opportunities to meet new people as drudgery（苦差事）. Looking back on this period of loneliness, I wonder at the way I isolated（孤立） myself instead of reaching out to those who were willing to keep me company and offer friendship. 

What I have learned from my own experience and the experience of many of my friends is that more often than not, those who feel lonely choose isolation. Indeed, many of my own friends describe avoiding social life as away of dealing with feelings of loneliness. 

This behavior is somewhat common, and new research takes a big step towards explaining this behavior. According to leading experts on the loneliness, Stephanie and John Cacioppo, there is an evolutionary explanation for this tendency to isolate when we are feeling lonely. By monitoring lonely people's brainwaves, they found that lonely people tend to respond negatively to social life. "Loneliness causes some brain-related changes that put us into a socially nervous mode, "Dr. Christian Jarrett explains. 

Making ourselves aware of this evolutionary natural tendency could actually be the first step in fighting loneliness. Once we know that we are more sensitive to negativity during lonely spells, we can focus our energy on resisting the desire to put up walls. 

A few months ago, a friend gifted me a robot sweeper that's programmed to move around a room and clean as it goes. 

When the box arrived, I recoiled （退缩） at the sight of the robot logo. I was afraid the device would spy on（暗中监视） me and suck up（吸收） data along with the dog hair. But the instructions were easy, and I finally decided I didn't care if someone would study the mysteries of my house. 

I powered up the sweeper, watched it leave its docking station to explore the space, and quickly fell in love with my newly shiny floors. I kept shooting videos while it was working. "I think you're giving more attention to it than to us, " joked my son. 

One day, I returned home and discovered that our front door had blown open and the robot had escaped. It rolled into the yard, where it was trying to clean the flower beds. Even when its brushes were blocked with leaves, branches, and mud, its little wheels kept turning. The robot acted properly as it was programmed to clean "dirty" things. In a kitchen, dirt can be garden debris（碎片） such as leaves and mud. In a garden, this kind of dirt does not need to be removed. The context is important. The problem for robots is that reading this context is difficult. 

This accident inspired me to think more about AI （artificial intelligence）. There is no doubt that robots are increasingly being given powerful intelligence. Some experts even predict that we will soon see not only AI-enabled robots designed to solve problems according to their instructions, but also those with "general intelligence"—the ability to react to new problems they don't need to solve before. Therefore, we need to think more about the context in which AI is created and used. And maybe we should also stop talking so much about "artificial" intelligence and focus more on augmented （增强的） intelligence, in the sense of systems that make it easier for people to solve problems. To do this, we need to combine AI with human insight. 

The two-week Harvard Pre-College Program is an intense and exciting experience of the college life. The admission committee is now looking for mature, academically motivated students who will graduate from high school and enter college in 2022. 

The Course Experience

With over 30 courses to choose from, you're sure to find a topic that interests you. Although courses are non-credit and do not have letter grades, you need to attend the class in its entirety. When class is not in session, you can participate in creative and social activities. At the end of the program, you'll receive a written evaluation from your instructor, as well as a transcript (成绩单). 

Time

•July 24—August 5

How to Apply

Complete an online application and provide supplemental (补充的) materials, including:

•The＄75 non-refundable application fee. 

•Transcripts from 9th grade to fall 2021 grades: This can include progress reports, report cards, and educational summaries from your high school. 

•If English is not your native language, submit scores from the TOEFL IBT or IELTS language proficiency exam along with your application. 

Cost & Aid

The total fee for a Harvard Pre-College Program 2022 session is＄4, 950. The program fee includes tuition, room and board, and activity costs for the full two weeks. There is also a non-refundable ＄75 application fee and ＄100 health insurance. 

A limited number of scholarships are available to assist students who demonstrate financial need. Awards vary based on need, and a typical award covers part of the tuition. 

How to contact us

Interested in learning more about the program? Complete our request form, and a member of our team will contact you. 

Phone: (617) 495-4023

Email: precollege@ summer. harvard. cn

注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Mike, 

……

Yours,

Li Hua

The wooded hills of New England hide a secret--they weren't always forested. Instead many were once covered with roads and farms.

This "lost" New England of the colonial era has started to emerge, thanks to archaeologists piercing the forests with their (late) device called Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR).

LiDAR reveals farm walls, roads and homesteads hidden within Connecticut's Pachaug State Forest. From villages (sink) underwater to cities lost in the rise and fall of mill life, these ghost towns offer unique look into the rich history of the past.

These archaeological features could not  (see) without the cutting-edge technology that bounces lasers off the ground  then generates precise pictures of surface features. Scientists using the same kind of technology have made new  (discover) while looking at Mayan cities, the plain of Stonehenge, and European palaces.

How did these farms become lost in the first place?  was documented, according to archaeologists, that there had once been extensive farming across New England. But with industrialization, people started to head west and abandoned the farms they once depended  . The forests eventually took over, covering the walls, roads, and homes until the recent findings.

Now (carry) a strong cultural legacy of past human activity, the woodland has become a quiet monument to we've lost in the development of civilization.

Many foreigners first learn about Chinese culture through numerous Chinese restaurants (find) all over the world. The second impression of Chinese culture is often Peking Opera, masks are now almost symbolic of China. Many countries design posters (use) Peking Opera masks to signal a "Year of Chinese Culture".

impresses people most is the artistic beauty of Peking Opera masks, which serve two purposes. One is to indicate the identity and character of the role. For example, a red face means that the person is loyal and brave a white face identifies the person as foxy and evil. The other purpose is to express people's (assess) of the roles from a moral and aesthetic (美学的) point of view, such as respectable, hateful or noble etc.

Zhang Fei, a heroic character from Three Kingdoms Period (220-280), has a  (face) design in the shape of a butterfly —  perfect combination of personality and artistic design. The beauty of the color and design of Peking Opera masks adds to the attractive performance  stage. Therefore, Peking Opera masks  (adopt) as a source element in designing many Chinese folk handicrafts, posters, and fashions.

I was waiting in a checkout line. A woman and two boys were ahead of me. At the cash desk, a white-haired man had begun to 1 his goods. Then came the barrier. Sometimes it's a customer with multiple coupons (优惠券), or someone who forgot to 2 a piece of fruit. Fair enough. One 3 .

But today, it was something else. The man didn't have 4 money. So he began the process of choosing which 5 to keep and which to hand back. He 6 over each one before keeping or abandoning it. We waited. Longer lines surged ahead.

Eventually, his 7  came to an end. The man turned back to us as he left, 8  and apologetic. We 9  off his chagrin (懊恼). It could happen to anyone.

But I had no idea just how 10  the family of three ahead of me were until their turn came. The woman asked the cashier to add all the 11  goods to her bill as quickly as possible. Then the two boys 12  through the exit with the small bag of groceries. When they returned, it was clear that their mission had been 13 .

Then I realized all it took to witness this flash of 14  was waiting a little longer in a checkout line I could have caught the bus. But I felt so 15  on my feet that I walked home instead.

You may have seen them standing alone in a farmer's field. With thin arms and a strange smile, they stand guard over the crops day and night.

Scarecrows have been around since at least the time of the ancient Egyptians. Back then, farmers covered wooden frames with nets to protect wheat fields.  Around 2500 BCE, the Greeks made the first human-like scarecrows. They added a face which was similar to that of the Greek god Priapus.  The Romans later copied this design and brought it to Europe.

Centuries after the Romans marched through Europe, people around the world were creating their own scarecrows. In Japan, scarecrows were shaped like people in raincoats and straw hats. In Germany, scarecrows were made to look like witches.

In the oldest book of Japanese literature, The Kojiki, a scarecrow named Kuebiko appears. Though he can't walk, Kuebiko is a kind of all-knowing god. In the mid-19th century, writer Nathaniel Hawthorne brought scarecrows into literature with the short story "Feathertop." In this tale, a witch who prays to the Devil brings a scarecrow to life.

Then there is the most famous scarecrow. His name is simply "Scarecrow," and he appears in The Wonderful Wizard of Oz. In the children's novel, Scarecrow joins Dorothy, Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion on an adventure to meet the wizard of the magical land of Oz.

Aside from these examples, scarecrows have featured in rock songs and as characters in comic books. On Halloween, they are brought out as scary decorations. Both practical and creepy, scarecrows continue to capture our imagination.

A. Scarecrows appear everywhere in the world.

B. We can never ignore the influence of stories about scarecrow.

C. They are scarecrows, whose job has gone unchanged for thousands of years.

D. They would hide in the wheat, and then jump out to scare birds into their nets.

E. This was thought to be scary enough to keep birds away from their precious fields.

F. Throughout the years, scarecrows have made many appearances in popular culture.

G. Scarecrow has appeared in films and plays around the world since the release of the book.

Across India, summers can be extreme. Temperatures outdoors can soar to 124°F (51℃), high enough to melt the surface of the streets.

Millions of urban lower-income families live in tiny, one-room houses crammed together. Such shacks have tin and asbestos (石棉的) roofs. These materials absorb the sun's heat, rather than reflect it back into the atmosphere. Additionally, only a few trees grow between the jam-packed houses. Making matters worse is the residents' poverty. Most households cannot afford to run air conditioners and coolers. All these factors make the inside of these tiny houses extremely hot. Under such conditions, residents find it difficult to live, let alone work. Productivity declines.

Social workers and scientists have realized that the quickest way to cool such houses is to change their roofs. That's because the roof receives the most direct sunlight. Climate researchers came up with many strategies to produce cool roofs. One easy way was with paint. Light-colored surfaces reflect more heat than darker ones, so roofs painted white would be cooler than those painted in any other color. This wasn't a new idea. In fact, Indians have traditionally whitewashed homes with chuna. The annual Monsoon rains, though, wash the chuna away. Climate experts hoped that the white paints would last longer. Research findings revealed that painting alone could bring down the heat by up to 9℉(5℃).

Problems persist, though. While the paint is fairly cheap, poor people cannot afford it without financial help. In addition, the sunlight bouncing off white-topped roofs makes them too bright to look at. Residents usually use the roofs for drying wet clothes and vegetables, like chilies. But the glare from the whitened surfaces makes it tough for them to do these tasks. A third problem is that white-roofedbuildings reflect the sun's rays throughout the year. Ironically, this makes roofs too cool in regions where winters get extremely cold. And keeping warm is costly, too.

Despite these drawbacks, many households are supporters of cool roof initiatives. For most, the benefits of the roofs outweigh their flaws. Indeed, the white paint has given their lives a newlight.

It was a method favoured by the inventor Thomas Edison and the artist Salvador Dali. Waking from a nap exactly at the point before deep sleep in an effort to inspire creativity.

Edison held a metal ball in his hand so that if he nodded off he would drop it and the sound would wake him. For Dali, it was a key landing on a plate. Now scientists have found that they might have been onto something.

Researchers at the Paris Brain Institute studied people's ability to find a hidden rule in a maths puzzle. Identifying the trick would make solving the problem far simpler but to do so required thinking creatively. The scientists found that participants who had been woken just before falling into a deep sleep, using a technique like that used by Edison and Dali, were more likely to find the shortcut.

This "twilight zone" is known as non-rapid eye movement sleep stage 1, or N1. Scientists described it like an exaggerated form of mind-wandering, where dream-like thoughts fill the mind. It is thought that as people start to disengage (脱离) from their environment they can "freely watch their minds wander, while maintaining their ability to identify creative sparks (火花)".

For the study 103 people were given a maths problem to solve. To reach the final answer they had to apply the rules step by step but, unknown to them, a "hidden rule" would allow them to bypass most of the steps and get to the solution much more quickly. The results showed that 83 percent of those in the N1 group had found the shortcut, compared with 31 percent in the group who were awake and 14 percent of those in a deep sleep.

Researchers conclude that the brain activity common to the twilight zone between sleep and wakefulness set off creative sparks. "Although the neural mechanisms (神经机制) involved are not yet known, our findings suggest that there is a creative sweet spot within the twilight zone," said Dr Thomas Andrillon, co-author of the study.