相关试卷

— Because my phone ____.

An experiment shows that a type of human behavior is conformity, which may be defined as a willingness to adopt the same behavior and attitudes as those seen in other people.

In order to experience a sense of belongings to a particular group, an individual may willingly 1  the group's values and behavior. Often, however, an individual will conform to the behavior of those around him even when they are total 2  . It seems that many human beings don't like to 3  in a crowd or seem to be different from those around them, and they have a strong 4  to conform to the behavior of other people simply to avoid making themselves 5  . People will also avoid becoming 6  a situation if they can shrug off their responsibility by 7  that someone else will do something. When an apparent murder took place outside a block of flats in New York, residents must have 8  or seen something, yet there was no 9  to the police and no one came out to help or investigate.

Another 10  showed that some people will change their opinion in order to conform to the majority 11  . A group of people were shown a picture of a series of lines and asked to choose those which were most 12  in length. All 13  one of the people in the group had been informed 14  to give a wrong answer. The one who had not been informed in advance did not know this and at first gave the correct answer. But, when he heard the others, he changed his mind and agreed to 15  that the others were right.

A recent study showed that the experiences children have in their first few years are important. These experiences affect the development of the brain. When children receive more attention, they often have higher IQs. Babies receive information when they see, hear and feel things, which makes connections between different parts of the brain. There are a hundred trillion connections in the brain o£ a three-year-old child.

Researcher Judit Gervain tested how good newborns are at telling different sound patterns. The researchers produced images o£ the brains of babies as they heard different sound patterns. For example₅one order was mu—ba—ba. This is the pattern "A -B— B". Another order was mu—ba—ge. This is the pattern "A-B—C". The images showed that the part of the brain responsible for speech was more active during the "A—B-B" pattern. This shows that babies can tell the difference between different patterns. They also were sensitive（敏感）to where it occurred in the order.

Gervain is excited by these findings because the order of sounds is the base of words and grammar, "Position is key to language," she says. "If something is at the beginning or at the end, it makes a big difference： 'John caught the bear' is very different from 'The bear caught John.

Researchers led by scientist Patricia Kuhl have found that language delivered by televisions, audio books, the Internet, or smartphones——no matter how educational—— doesn't appear to be enough for children's brain development. They carried out a study of nine-month-old American babies. They expected the first group who'd watched videos in Chinese to show the same kind of learning as the second group who were brought face-to- face with the same sounds. Instead they found a huge difference. The babies in the second group were able to distinguish （辨别）between similar Chinese sounds as well as native listeners. But the other babies-regardless of whether they had watched the video or listened to the audio-learned nothing.

In a recent study, researchers at Germany's Technical University of Munich（TUM）find that trees in cities can grow up 25% faster than their country cousins. This is believed to be a direct result of the heat island effect, which is a situation where the temperature of the city is higher than the nearby rural areas. It's mostly caused by the fact that buildings, roads, and many other things in the city take in a lot of sunlight and send out the sun's heat more than natural landscapes such as forests and water bodies. A secondary cause is waste heat produced by heavy uses of energy.

For the study, TUM researchers studied 1,400 trees in 10 cities around the world, which were found in both city centers and nearby rural areas. Based on tree ring study, researchers found that city trees are growing faster than their rural cousins. But before the 1960s, both city and rural trees grew at about the same speed."We can show that city trees of the same age are generally larger than rural trees because they grow faster. While the difference is about a quarter at the age of 50, it is still just under 20% at a hundred years of age," lead author Hanz Pretzch says.

Researchers from TUM also found that in some cities, higher-than-normal temperatures have led to growing seasons that are more than eight days longer than the norm. This sounds like a good thing. But while fast -growing city trees are busy taking in CO₂and providing relief from the heat, they' re also aging and dying at a faster speed than rural trees. As a result, these trees need to be replaced and replanted more frequently.

Considering the valuable "ecosystem services" that city trees provide, planning and management should follow to make a change with today's tree growth speed. Pretzch and his team set out to perform the study largely in response to United Nation's report that the world's cities will experience population growth of more than 60% by 2030. And with such fast growth comes a great need for city trees that make these cities better places to live in.

In 1803, the United States acquired a huge new piece of land called the Louisiana Territory. Meriwether Lewis and William Clark were given the job of leading an expedition to collect data about this uncharted territory. President Thomas Jefferson gave Lewis and Clark three tasks for the journey: Find an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean, make friends with the Native Americans along the way, and gather detailed information about the plants, animals, landforms (地形), and climate of the area.

In order to discover if there was an all-water route to the Pacific Ocean, Lewis and Clark attempted to travel up the Mississippi River by boat. In this way, they hoped that they would eventually reach the Pacific. Ultimately, the explorers discovered the Rocky Mountains and the Continental Divide, but not the Pacific Ocean. The hope for an all-water route from the East to the Pacific would have to be abandoned.

Lewis and Clark's second task was to make friends with Native Americans in the area. They packed hundreds of pounds of gifts for the indigenous people, including beads, sewing needles, cloth, yarn, and knives. Their intention was to use these items as offerings of peace and good faith. However, many tribes were hostile. They felt threatened by the Americans' presence and refused to communicate with them. Other tribes were more welcoming and aided the explorers in finding food and navigating the new region.

The explorers' final task was extensive and ongoing. Lewis and Clark had to take detailed notes about the landforms and climate of the different areas through which they travelled. President Jefferson also wanted samples of notable plant and animal life. They prepared animal fur and plant samples to send back to the president throughout the trip. They also kept individual journals with detailed descriptions and drawings of the environment and terrain (地势).

Up the Mississippi and Missouri rivers, across the Great Plains, over the Rockies, down the Columbia River, and to the Pacific Ocean, Lewis and Clark travelled. After 3 years, Jefferson received a letter from Lewis stating, "It is with great pleasure that I announced to you the safe arrival of myself and my partner. In obedience to your orders, we have penetrated (穿过)the continent of North America to the Pacific Ocean."

Graphic Design for 13 to 16 Year Olds Online Short Course

Course description

Graphic Design for 13 to 16 year olds will explore the world of visual communication as you unravel the possibilities of graphic design.

Through a series of fun and engaging workshops, you will experiment with a range of hands-on materials and processes.

We'll encourage you to develop your work through brainstorming and visual research, to feed your inspiration.

Course outcomes

You'll leave with a small body of work and a broader understanding of the possibilities offered by working in the area of graphic design. You will have gained skills that can be used in building a future portfolio(作品集).

All our Online Short Courses include:

*Live online lessons with the same tutors

*Access to VLE with course content

*Forums for support

*Certificate upon completion

How to book:

*Click "add to basket"

*If you are an adult booking a place for a child or teenager, you will need two email addresses, one for your booking confirmation email and one for the student

*Select the option to book for someone else

*Add the bookers' details under your details

If you need help with booking please use our online chat or call 0207 514 7015. Please note that all courses are taught in UK time. Online courses are closed to all new bookings 48 hours prior to the course starting.

注意：
1、信的开头与结尾已经给出，不计算在总词数内。
2、字数要求: 150左右。
3、人口膨胀population expansion 过度开发overdevelopment

Dear editor,

Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world. 

Yours truly,

Li Hua