相关试卷

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Kelly,

……

Yours,

Li Hua

In 2019, the world generated 54.6 million tons of e-waste. However, just 17.4 percent of it was formally collected and recycled. Since 2014, the amount of e-waste recycled has grown by 1.8 million tons—a relatively small amount, considering that the amount of e-waste generated increased by 9.2 million tons in the same period. 

Global reserves of some elements, such as platinum, are supposed to be fully used up within 15 years if the proportion of recycled stocks entering production doesn't increase. E-waste and EV batteries are currently recycled through processes called pyrometallurgy (火法冶金术) and hydrometallurgy (湿法冶金术). However, they involve burning temperatures with a high energy demand and deep carbon footprint, and poisonous chemicals which are harmful to the environment. Alternatives are therefore being sought.

A team of scientists from the University of Coventry are extending one such alternative. They have been using non-poisonous bacteria to oxidize and recover the precious metals—a process known as "bioleaching". They have shown that copper is widely recoverable from e-waste, and that all metals present in EV batteries can be recovered by using microbes (微生物). If extended, bioleaching facilities would mean that manufacturers of EV batteries and other electronic goods would be able to recover metals locally, relying less on costly exports to recycling centers abroad.

"At present, a key limitation for e-waste recycling is the lack of certification detailing the types and amounts of metals contained in electronic goods. But with an efficient recycling process appearing, manufacturers have the motivation to use more recycled material in their products, which will change the very design of electronics goods. It's about closing the loop of a product's life cycle," said the leader of the Bioleaching Research Group, Sebastien Farnaud.

Ultimately, bioleaching technology is born out of the idea of creating a truly circular process for the things that we consume. We need to shift from a mindset and economy where we see waste as an end product, to one where there isn't even a start or an end at all.

Society tells us we should socialise to the fullest, and that those who are surrounded by people are the most successful and the happiest. These days, we're almost always connected, whether in person or through our phone screens and online social networks. But there's something to be said for solitude(独处), "Being alone doesn't necessarily mean being lonely". In fact, spending time by yourself is an essential element of self-care.

Around the globe, different cultures have wide-ranging perspectives on what it means to spend time alone. If you live or have spent time in the United States, you're probably aware that Americans tend to reject solitude. For many younger people, weekends are packed with social activities, ranging from brunch with friends to dinner parties to game nights to drinking at bars and everything in between.

The United States isn't the only place where you'll find a heavy emphasis on social time. Across the Atlantic, the United Kingdom is known for being an extremely extroverted(外向型的)country. A survey of Brits found that more than half had never done and would be unwilling to do activities like going to theme parks or seeing live music alone. Most Brits spend almost twice as much of their leisure time socialising with others as they do being alone.

The home can be a place of rest, relaxation and recharge—that is, if you live by yourself or have the space to be alone in your home. The country in which people are least likely to live alone is India, at about 4 percent of the population. China is also quite fond of multiple-person households, with only about 10 percent of people living by themselves. In more collectivist cultures like these, many aspects of life are related to community. Thus, spending time alone isn't as ingrained(根深蒂固的)as a social convention in places like these, and the good of the group takes priority over the needs of one person.

The first time I realized that I had a love for sports competitions was during the Field Day in elementary school. Small for my age, and more of a bookworm than a sports enthusiast, I had suffered that special humiliation of being picked last for various gym teams. The Field Day, which focused on individual skills, was different. In the Softball Throw event, I got my first taste of sporting victory. Credit goes to the example of my first coach, my father. He lifted weights every morning at home. He bought us all baseball gloves and hats, and in the warm months, we spent hours playing catch. Come fall, our backyard football games began with passing practice.

Once I got to sixth grade and switched to private school, our entire student body was assigned to either the Red or the White team. Throughout the year, we competed against each other in various games and exercises for points. I eventually became president of The Committee of Games, accelerating (加速) my competitive fever. However, in girls' sports games at my school, I was no star. I also played on the field hockey team and the basketball team. School sports did not bleed into the weekends, as they do today, but at home, playing tennis, skating, skiing and biking were simply normal things we did. During break time, magazines were also quite popular for us teens. These regularly featured articles on physical exercise. Somehow, my college roommate and I took up the habit of completing Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) exercises every day, a practice that continued into my marriage, when we had no spare funds to use to join a gym.

So, though it shocks some of our friends, that early foundation evolved in adulthood into a sports and fitness focus, considered essential even on vacation. I still love reading and the arts, too. As far as I'm concerned, life is the richest with my feet in both worlds.

Special Food Places to Try In Singapore

It's an unpleasant fact that local food places are usually meant to cater to meat-eaters. It can be difficult to find a tasty food place that caters to meat-free diet. Here are some options to show you don't need meat for a satisfactory treat.

Vegan Burg

Vegan Burg has a surprisingly diverse range of plant-based burgers. From Hawaiian Teriyaki to Char-Grilled Satay, the menu promises to tempt even the most hardcore meat lovers. And that's not even getting into the add-ons and sides it offers, such as mushroom fries and barbecue potatoes.

Woods Square Tower, #01-06, Singapore 737737

Genesis Restaurant

This eatery proves that meat-free dishes can be as hearty and flavorful as their meat-based counterparts. Genesis Restaurant is especially known for its juicy dumplings, spring rolls, pork-free noodles and tofu cheesecake.

Havelock Road, #B1-01, Singapore 059763

WellSmoocht Collective

WellSmoocht is a cafe and dessert bar which specializes in plant-based ice cream. Made from brown rice, sugar cane juice and fruits or nut butters, Smoocht's rice cream, as they call it, comes in a wide variety of delicious flavors such as Earl Grey Lavender,Rose Coconut and Gula Melaka.

Sin Ming Centre, #01-03, Singapore 575628

Green Common

This one-stop plant-based eatery and marketplace has a delicious menu of mouth-watering meat-free dishes, from Japanese cuisine like sushi and miso glazed fillet to Western dishes like fishless tacos and pasta, as well as local favourites such as seafood laksa and even buah keluak rice.

HarbourFront Walk, #169-170, Singapore 098585

As a nurse at the cancer care center where I've worked for seven years, I'll do almost anything to make a patient feel better. But when I met Patty at the center, in 2011, she didn't want my help.

She was a tiny 44-year-old single mom battling an aggressive head and neck cancer. Unlike many of our other patients, Patty was alone during her treatment, but no matter what I did. I couldn't get her to open up. She just buried herself in book or pulled a blanket over her head to fend off conversation.

Eventually I hit on a reliable way to make Patty smile: mentioning her nine-year-old son, Stephen. She'd tell me how well he did in school, how he'd been selected to read a poem he wrote at a local bookstore. She desperately wanted to live for him. With three kids myself, I totally understood how she felt.

After a year and a half of treatment, in August 2012, Patty was told her cancer had spread, and I learned she wouldn't live much longer. My first thought was, "What's going to happen to Stephen?"

Nurses at the center shared stories at their meetings about how bright and unusual the boy was. but no one seemed to know how to resolve the issue of what would happen to him when his mom died. My husband, Michael, who too works at the center, started hearing about Patty and Stephen.

One morning in October, Patty quietly slipped away. Michael and I picked Stephen up after school, drove him to a nearby park, and sat on a bench by a pond. I finally managed to say, "Stephen, we're sorry to have to tell you this, but your mom came to an end this morning." The sound that came out of his mouth was like nothing I'd ever heard before. This skinny little guy sat between the two of us and just wailed (哀号) and wailed. It was as if his whole world was just destroyed.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Something inside me was telling me what to do.

……

Finally, we took him home with us.

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Allen,

……

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

Since the summer of 2022, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident ( name) Chen Jiaorong has been walking along Julu Road in Shanghai's downtown area once or twice a week, looking around and picking up"garbage". After her action was noticed online, she was described by others a "stooper".

The word "stoop" means "to bend forward", in the United States, it also refers to a platform or entrance stairway to a house. The term "stooper"was coined in the US after a lot of people put their used or underused (belong) in front of their doorsteps to be taken away for free by those in need. Later, "stooping" was extended to mean "picking up abandoned items and (recycle) them".

As the first "stooper" in China, Chen had (she) own approach. She picked unused goods to help find suitable new owners for some items. When she (spot) such abandoned goods, she put a pair of eyeball-shaped stickers on them before publishing notes on her social media accounts, and guiding others ( pick) them up from the streets.

Although "stooping" is a (relative) new word in China, now, people are gradually advocating savings-based consumption and environment-friendly lifestyle instead of blindly pursuing luxurious expense. And more young people are joining the ranks of "stooping"

Rain or shine, a Tibetan mailman, Tsering Chopa treks (跋涉) for long hours to deliver mail.

Pumachangthang in Tibet, China's highest township, has very 1 oxygen level and the annual average temperature is -7℃. However, these weren't the biggest challenges for a 2 service. A single 3 to all the six villages of less than 2,000 people can be as long as 160 km. The extraordinary 4 required under such conditions needs no further explanation.

The 5 time for Tsering Chopa is between July and August each year, when students are waiting for their 6 letters from various universities. He recalls one summer he had to deliver mail to one student whose family had already moved away. He had to quiz (询问) neighbors several times for the new 7 . Even though the road to the village was 8 because of rain, he trekked for more than 20 km to finally deliver the letter. "I don't mind the 9 , because it was my 10 to deliver the mail on time," he says.

One night in February, 2019, a local resident Nyima Tsering's daughter had fainted and 11 needed help. Knowing that, the mailman 12 a car right away and sent her to the county hospital. He also gave some 13 to the family for the girl's treatment to help her recovery.

In 2019, Tsering Chopa 14 the China Youth May Fourth Medal. And he says, "It is a great 15 of what I do and a symbol of encouragement as well, to bring the world closer to them and take them closer to the world."

Are you an elementary or high school student with all kinds of invention ideas? You might not know what to do with all of these ideas or how to turn them into workable inventions.  

Identify a problem worth solving.

Look at the world around you and ask yourself: What could work better? What task could be done better or faster? What annoys you and how could you fix it? Not every idea will be a great one, but don't be afraid to think outside the box.

Draft your idea.

Draw out a basic illustration of what your invention will look like. List the types of materials you would use to build the finished project. Don't hesitate to make multiple drafts of the same design until you are satisfied with the result.

You don't need to use the highest quality materials, but simply ones that will give you a functional working device. Try checking second-hand stores and yard sales for parts that you can use. This will be much more cost-effective and you will also be eco-friendly.

Build your invention.

If you will be working with power tools or other dangerous materials, you will likely need adult supervision. Ask your parents when they have enough free time to sit down with you and start building. 

After everything is completed, it's time to test out and market your invention. If it turns out well-received, you may even have your invention patented and mass- produced down the road.

A. Or turn to your older peers if they can help you out as well.

B. If you enjoy creating things, you may consider becoming an inventor.

C. With some planning and practice, you can make these ideas into a working device.

D. Be creative with your ideas.

E. Gather the necessary materials.

F. Look around your home for recycled materials that you may be able to use.

G. Make notes about how various pieces will go together.

As students return to school this fall, many of them- perhaps especially those from historically disadvantaged student groups- will be starting the academic year with achievement levels lower than where they were at the beginning of summer break. This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as summer learning loss. We review what is known about summer loss and offer suggestions for schools looking to solve the problem.

The recent studies on summer loss have been rather comprehensive. One study found that students, on average, lost between 25 - 30 percent of their school-year learning over the summer; additionally, black and Latino students tended to gain less over the school year and lose more over the summer compared to white students.

However, an analysis of the national study found little evidence of overall loss over the summers after grades K and 1, and the summer loss gaps widened in some subjects and grades but not others. Von Hippel and Hamrock re-analyzed two earlier data sets and concluded that gaps"do not necessarily... grow fastest over the summer". Thus, it seems summer loss occurs, though not universally across geography, grade level, or subject.

Schools want to address the issue of summer learning loss not only because it may widen achievement gaps, but also because it"wastes"so much of the knowledge students have gained during the school year. Summer loss also undoubtedly increases the amount of time teachers have to spend "re-teaching" last year s content.

Traditionally, educators and policymakers have relied on conventional summer school programs to solve summer learning loss. Not surprisingly, research suggests that programs are more effective when students attend consistently and spend more time on task academically. Regardless of the design, these policies should offer engaging options for students over the summer so that summer learning programs do not feel like punishment for students who would rather be enjoying summer vacation. Doing so would set more students up for success as the school year gets underway.

During the past several years, fake news has been a frequent topic of real news, with articles considering the role of social media in spreading fake news. Something less well-known, though, is that fake news has also become a topic of scientific investigation.

In a paper published in March in the journal Science, David Lazer, Matthew Baum and 14 co-authors consider what we do and don't know about the science of fake news.They define fake news as "made-up information that imitates news in form but not in process or intention".

The paper makes a persuasive case that the investigation of fake news is timely and important. One conservative (保守的) estimate is that in the month before the 2016 election, the average American was exposed to somewhere between one and three articles from a known publisher of fake news. Another alarming result is that when it comes to political topics, tweets containing false information spread more rapidly and broadly on Twitter than those containing reliable information.

Researchers mentioned in the paper that in the face of fake news and its spreading by social and other forms of media, "A new system of safeguards is needed." But what kinds of safeguards can individual news consumers put into place? The simplistic answer is "be more reflective". Don't believe everything you read, but consider the possibility that it's false. We need to foster standards of discussion in which it's OK to challenge what others say without the conversation immediately turning into abuse. The most effective lab meetings are like that: If someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so in a polite way. And by doing so, they might be saving the presenter from embarrassment in a more public forum. A community that encourages individuals to point out when statements are false or unclear benefits everybody by helping detect the truth.

In the long run, the truth will win out. Our preferred society encourages the truth to win out before great damage is done.

When you think about it, food is an important part of our lives. Family gatherings center around food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or another. The same holds true for us here on the Space Station. Food is important and ends up usually being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.

The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements. What about variety? How do you meet all of the peculiarities of the people that you come across, especially when they are from different cultures? What about the logistics(物流)of getting the right food here at the right time? So there are a couple of different questions you have to consider when you talk about food and long-duration space flight.

On the U.S. side we have gone to a standard menu, meaning that every 16 days you start over with the same menu. To compensate the crews, we are allowed to pick one"preference"container which consists of our pick of anything on the U. S. menu list. This allows us some variety in our menu, with the choices up to us. One of the desirable options for any crew is to make sure that enough tortillas(墨西哥玉米粉薄饼) get on board. You can do so much with a tortilla; it becomes the vehicle with which to eat almost anything.

Our food also comes packaged in many ways. But no matter what the form of the food though, you still have the same problem eating it一 you do not want it flying away from you and making a mess when you open it up. In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful. It keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon. Small things do escape from time to time, but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem. That is enough for now! Next time I will write about how to cook in space.

Summer Semester is an optional third semester for UQ (The University of Queensland) students, or an opportunity to discover new knowledge and skills for non-UQ students. Each year, UQ has a number of courses available for enrollment in the intensive 8-week Summer Semester.

Who can apply?

Anyone is qualified to enroll in the Summer Semester, but please note some courses are only available to current students who are enrolled in a UQ degree.

Past applicants have included:

●current UQ students

●students from other universities, including international students

●professionals

●adults from a range of backgrounds

●high-school students

How to apply

If you are a current UQ student, you can access your student account to enroll. If you re enrolled at another Australian university and you want to undertake a course at UQ during Summer Semester for credit towards your program at your home institution, you should apply as a "cross-institutional student". Before you apply, make sure you get approval from your home university and confirm you can get credit for your UQ studies.

Summer Semester important dates

How to make a payment

See the How to Pay page or contact Student Central for information about payment methods.

Mike licked the last of the mint chocolate chip ice cream. It was almost time to leave. He jumped into the car with his parents and headed off to the Olympic-sized pool for the big swim meet.

When his race came up, Mike was confident. He was strong and swift. Mike climbed out the pool, smiling. He had just won first place, making him the fastest boy in his age group.

"Congratulations, son," his father said. His mom gave him a hug, even though he was soaking wet.

A week later, it was time for another swim meet. Like before, Mike decided to enjoy his favorite ice cream flavor. Mike remembered that the last time he had won a race, he also ate mint chocolate chip ice cream first. Maybe he'd win again.

He's taken first place again in his race. Mike was feeling pretty good. As it turned out, Mike decided to have some mint chocolate chip ice cream before every one of the next few swim meets. He began to think of it as his lucky charm. After several months of placing in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable. And he wouldn't admit it, but all that ice cream was adding a few pounds to his athletic swimmer's build.

It didn't take long after that for Mike to start coming in second place – and then third – and then last place in his races. The lucky mint chocolate chip ice cream had lost its magic.

On the day of his next swim meet, his mother sat down at the table with him. "Mike, we all love ice cream, but it's not healthy for your body to eat so much of it. Maybe it's time to quit the sweet treats for a while, especially before you go swimming.""

Mike unwillingly agreed. He went to the swim meet, and didn't perform well. His father offered to go running with him a few days a week to help him feel better and strengthen his muscles. The extra weight soon disappeared, and Mike found himself breathing easier at swim practices.

注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.开头已给出。

Paragraph 1:

As he dove into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could. 

Paragraph 2:

His jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone else too.

注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答

Dear Sir or Madam,

……

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

Chinese civilization has been marked, in my humble opinion, by three distinct features: evolution with continuity, inclusiveness, and receiving and sharing the goods of civilization.

China's modernization process over the past four decades(create) a new contextthere is a partnership between the ancient and modern, gnerating something new and genuine. China is not a stranger to this evolutionary process. It adapted "socialism" to the Chinese context, devising socialism with Chinese characteristics taking into (consider) the changing Chinese and world reality.

With regard to inclusiveness, Chinese civilization has been open to positive outside inferences,  proved by the inclusion of Buddhism and Islam into Chinese society. China has always welcomed the positive aspects of other civilizations while contributing its civilization achievements(enrich) other civilizations. Chinese music did not shy away from (adopt) musical instruments from the Middle East, like the fantastic pipa, and making itessential and beautiful part of Chinese musical culture.

When it comes to sharing, one of the(great) gifts China gave to the world through the ancient Silk Road was the technology of making paper on an industrial scale, which revolutionized the spread of science and philosophy in the Arab and Islamic world all the way to Europe beginning in the 8th century.

This new technology(be) as important then as the Internet is today for spreading of knowledge and communication. In Baghdad and other cultural centers during the Islamic renaissance (文艺复兴), there was a massive intellectual outpouring, which the Chinese invention of paper, would have been limited in scope.

It was just a typical morning of an ordinary workday. I was at the 1 , on my way to the lab where I was a postdoctoral fellow. But something began to2 inside me as I watched the people around me — headphones hanging from their ears, eyes cast down,3 faces. They looked unhappy. And I realized that I was one of them. Suddenly, I could no longer4 my work life and booked a one-way ticket to fly home.

Over the years, I had grown more competitive due to the 5 of finishing my Ph.D. Those who could have been partners became competitors I disliked and the effect of this competition was exactly the6 of what I had hoped for. I began to feel lonely and lost. I became less and less 7 in my scientific work. I hit my8 point that day at the bus station. I had to end this. I emailed my professors, explaining that I had put the 9 first and myself second for too long.

Shortly after I got back home, I started to receive some emails from my workmates — I guessed they expected me to join them again soon. After a few10 asking how I was, in the emails many expressed their stress of academic life. Vulnerable (脆弱的) researchers were sticking their heads out of their shells (壳), seeking 11 . It occurred to me that we all12 sometimes, and our vulnerability seemed so much alike that I 13 myself from all that had bothered me for days.14 it can be win-win game, instead of one where one side gains while the other side loses. Working with others and asking for help doesn't make my contributions15 ; it means we can all succeed.

Report reveals CIA behind "Color Revolutions"

Recently, the National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center released a report entitled Empire of Hacking: The US Central Intelligence Agency. .

According to statistics, the CIA has intervened (干预) in or attempted to overthrow at least 50 legitimate (合法的) governments and caused unrest in numerous other countries over the years, . Examples of these interventions include the collapse of the socialist camp in the 1980s, the "Velvet Revolution", "Rose Revolution", "Orange Revolution", "Tulip Revolution", and "Snow Revolution" in various countries, and the "Green Revolution" and "Arab Spring". Analyzing these events reveals that the successful organization of such "Color Revolutions" depends on the use of communication and command technologies, in which the US is a leading power.

. This facilitated the technological advances for US intelligence agencies to carry lout "Color Revolutions" abroad. The Internet also played a major role in the "Arab Spring", with certain US-based multinational Internet companies actively intervening in the form of disinformation, support for anti-government actions, and other methods.. Twitter and Google quickly created "Speak2Tweet" to help anti-government personnel in countries like Egypt and Tunisia maintain contact with the outside world. RAND developed "stampede", a system that allowed proprietors to connect to the Internet, resulting in improved on-site command for demonstrations "RIOT", a software that supports independent wireless broadband and anti-jamming Wi-Fi, was also developed to avoid censorship (审查) and surveillance (监视).

The US Department of State also invested more than $ 30 million in the research and development of anti-censorship systems.. 

A. though it has only admitted to seven

B. The Internet developed rapidly at that time

C. since these countries conducted "Color Revolutions"

D. The US led the promotion of the Internet to the international market in the 1980s

E. That the CIA has been secretly conducting "Color Revolutions" around the world for a long time is reported

F. Therefore, the CIA conducted several "Color Revolutions" worldwide with the help of these tools and technologies

G. These companies also provided encrypted (加密的) network communication services, such as TOR, to avoid censorship and surveillance

For most people, death is hard to think about. We tend to avoid the subject—involuntarily, even. The philosopher Stephen Cave offers one explanation for this avoidance in his 2012 book, Immorality. "Death," he writes, "presents itself as both inevitable and impossible." You can know rationally that you will die, yet struggle to understand your nonexistence. Put another way, you cannot be conscious of your own consciousnesses.

So we dismiss death form our thoughts. But this leads us to make choice in life that actually reduce our happiness. People who express more regrets tend to be those who postpone profound activities that yield meaning, such as appreciating beauty or spending more time with loved ones. When we avoid thoughts of death, we unconsciously assume that tomorrow will look a lot like today, so we can do tomorrow what we could today. But when we focus on death, that increases the stakes at play in the present, and clarifies what we should do with our time.

By forcing ourselves to think about death, our resources-use decisions change. I ask my 20-something graduate students to estimate how many Thanksgivings they realistically have left with their parents, and then to consider how they should spend those remaining occasions. This usually simulates a strong emotional reaction. But it can also alter such decisions as where they choose to live and work. This highlights that facing discomfort and thinking seriously about the impermanence of your mortal life are important for making decisions that enhance your happiness.

There are other benefits. For example, paradoxical though it may seem, considering death can encourage positive thinking, as researchers found in 2007. People prepared to think about their death tended to focus on favorable emotional information around them, and to interpret random words in a pleasanter way. You begin to think extremely clearly, and realize that you have a choice about how to see present moment—and choose the positive.

If you insist ignoring your own death, you are likely to make decisions that cause you to sleepwalk through life. You may not be dead yet, but you are not fully alive either. If you can look across that border with resolve and confidence, you will experience every day fully and deeply.