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Habits play a crucial role in shaping our daily lives. From the moment we wake up to the time we go to bed, many of our actions are driven by routines we barely think about.Psychologists, however, have spent decades studying how habits form and how we can use this knowledge to create positive changes in our lives.

Psychologists have identified a universal pattern in habit creation known as the habit cycle, comprising three phases: a cue, a repeated behavior, and a reward. Take, for instance, someone who automatically reaches for snacks when bored (cue), eats cookies (repeated behavior), and experiences instant comfort (reward).

Another important factor in habit formation is the environment. Studies show that people who perform a new behavior at the same time and place each day are more likely to turn it into a habit. "Rather than relying on the willpower, which comes and goes, successful habit change depends on designing an environment that encourages the behavior," explains Dr. Lisa Carter, a behavioral psychologist.

Many people believe it takes exactly 21 days to form a habit, but research suggests that the time varies widely depending on the complexity of the behavior and the individual's personality. Some simple habits can form in a few weeks, while others may take several months. The key is persistence and patience.

If you're looking to change your habits, start small and build gradually. Set clear cues, establish a routine, and ensure there is a reward to reinforce the behavior.By applying psychological principles, you can take control of your habits and shape a healthier, more productive life.

A. This cyclical process gradually strengthens the habit, making it automatic.

B. Yet few of us stop to consider how these habits are formed.

C. Such repetition demands considerable mental effort to keep.

D. Without a stable environment, new habits are unlikely to stick.

E. One common question about habits is how long they take to form.

F. Many people mistakenly believe that willpower alone is enough.

G. Small, consistent actions are more effective than sudden drastic changes.

Unlike conventional recycling, which demands energy-intensive processes (exceeding 250℃) to melt plastics and produces useless materials, PETase Plus operates under mild conditions. By degrading PET's molecular bonds, it breaks down plastics into base components that can be re-integrated into high-quality products or even biofuels. According to Dr. Liam Harper, lead author of the study, "This method cuts energy consumption by 60% and carbon emissions by 80%, offering industries a cost-effective and eco-friendly alternative to traditional methods."

However, critics caution against unchecked optimism. While PETase Plus excels in controlled lab environments, applying it for industrial or environmental use risks unintended ecological harm. Dr. Emily Carter, a biochemist, warns, "Engineered enzymes released into landfills or oceans might also degrade natural polymers, destabilizing soil structures or marine ecosystems. Without proper restrictions, the solution to plastic waste could become an ecological disaster."

Ethical conflicts further complicate its adoption. Environmental advocates insist plastic manufacturers — responsible for 70% of global PET production — should fund large-scale application of the technology. However, industry leaders argue that governments must provide financial support to encourage innovation. Meanwhile, developing nations, where waste management system is underdeveloped, view PETase Plus as a potential lifeline, though fears spread that wealthy countries might not share the technology.

As research advances, PETase Plus is facing a challenge: a scientific success shadowed by ethical and ecological dilemmas. Its success relies not merely on biochemical efficiency but on multi-party cooperation to balance innovation with caring for our planet.

Unlike many Western fantasy games, which draw inspiration from European myths, Black Myth: Wukong presents a world filled with Chinese folk tales, Taoist philosophy, and Buddhist symbolism. The game's artistic design, from its landscapes to its supernatural creatures, reflects traditional Chinese aesthetics. Additionally, the developers have worked hard to ensure that the combat system and storytelling remain faithful to the spirit of the original novel while making them accessible to a global audience.

Despite its widespread popularity, the game has sparked discussions among different groups. Some Chinese players take immense pride in seeing their cultural heritage represented in a high-quality video game, believing it could introduce international audiences to Chinese mythology. Others, however, worry that certain adaptations may oversimplify or commercialize the story, reducing its philosophical depth to mere action and visual wonders.

Dr. Lin Zhi, a cultural analyst at Beijing University, points out: "The success of Black Myth: Wukong could mark a turning point for Chinese game developers, proving that homegrown games can compete on the world stage. However, whether it will truly deepen global appreciation for Journey to the West remains to be seen."

While debates continue, one thing is certain: Black Myth: Wukong represents more than just a game. It is an effort to reinterpret Chinese mythology for a new generation, illustrating how digital entertainment can bridge cultural divides.

During those long months of isolation, people developed what they thought were temporary coping mechanisms. Some planted small gardens on balconies, others mastered the art of bread-making, and many discovered the joy of daily neighborhood walks. What surprises us isn't that these activities helped through difficult times, but rather how reluctant people are to abandon them although restrictions are lifted.

My neighbor Sarah, who never showed interest in gardening before, still tends to her balcony garden even though grocery stores operate normally now. "These tomatoes aren't just about food anymore," she explains, her hands covered in soil. "Watching something grow gives you a sense of progress, of moving forward, even when everything else feels uncertain."

The most striking change is in how people value their time. Many realize that their previous definition of "being busy" often meant being disconnected-from themselves, their families, and their immediate surroundings. While video calls initially felt like a poor replacement for real interaction, they unexpectedly brought some families closer, establishing regular virtual dinner dates that continue even though travel is possible again.

Local communities strengthen in unexpected ways. The neighborhood chat groups that formed to help residents in need during lockdown evolve into active social networks. People who lived on the same street for years without speaking now organize weekly farmers' markets and community events. These connections, born from necessity, become vital threads in the fabric of daily life.

Perhaps the most significant shift is in people's approach to work-life balance. The proof that remote work is viable for many jobs leads to widespread questioning of traditional office culture. Companies that insist on returning to "business as usual" find themselves losing talents to organizations that embrace flexibility. People aren't just seeking higher salaries; they pursue arrangements that allow them to maintain the positive changes they discovered during the pandemic.

Now, as we move further from the height of the crisis, these changes become woven into the texture of our lives. The pandemic, for all its hardships, teaches us that resilience isn't just about enduring difficulties—it's about learning to flourish in new ways.

The Metro Science Museum proudly announces its Weekend Science Workshop tailored for young enthusiasts aged 10-16. This immersive two-day program delves into astronomy and space technology through a variety of activities, blending theoretical knowledge with practical experimentation. Participants will engage in interactive lectures, hands-on experiments, and supervised space observations using advanced telescopes.

Workshop Highlights:

Star Navigation: Analyzing ancient star maps and applying principles used by early explorers to chart unknown places.

Rocket Engineering: Designing, constructing, and launching small rockets to study engineering data.

Virtual Galaxy Exploration: Exploring distant galaxies in a high-definition digital planetarium (天文馆), guided by real-time astrophysical data.

Planetary Observation: Using professional telescopes to examine Saturn's rings, Jupiter's moons, and seasonal constellations.

Event Details:

The project will take place on March 9-10, from 10：00 AM to 5：00 PM at Metro Science Museum's Innovation Hub (Building C). The progamme is headed by Dr. Alan Prescott (PhD in Astrophysics, specializing in exoplanetary systems), accompanied by Dr. Lisa Cheng (Aerospace Engineer, lead designer of the Orion-7 satellite prototype).

Registration Requirements:

Applications must be submitted via the museum's official website, where they will also find detailed schedules and a list of required equipment. Participants must bring a notebook, graphing calculator, and signed safety waiver. The registration deadline is February 25 and seats are limited.

Limited to 30 attendees; priority given to early registrants.

For inquiries, email workshops@metroscience.org or call +1 (555)123-4567.

Dress-Up Day

Lily had been working on her bunny costume for weeks. She cut up an old gray sweater to make floppy ears, glued white cotton balls onto a belt for a tail, and even drew a mask with a pink nose. Her mom's silver-painted sunglasses completed her "mysterious moon rabbit" look. She couldn't wait to hop through school and make her classmates smile. Her school's Dress-Up Day was supposed to be the best day ever—until she woke up with a fever the night before.

"I'm sorry, sweetheart," her mom said, pressing a cool towel to Lily's forehead, "You need to rest." Shivering under blankets, she listened to the rain outside and tears welled up her eyes. Lily stared at her costume hanging on the closet door, its ears drooping (下垂) as sadly as she felt. She cried herself to sleep, imagining her classmates laughing in their superhero capes and princess gowns without her.

"Why not wear it to school today? You worked so hard." her mom said the next morning, handing her the costume, "Real magic isn't confined (局限) to a single day." Lily hesitated. Going late felt like showing up to a party after the cake was gone. But she stuffed the costume Rabbit into her backpack anyway.

Lily's heart pounded as she entered school late. The hallway felt huge and empty as Lily shuffled in, ears drooping. Whispers coiled (盘绕) around her like smoke, "Is she a sick rabbit?" "Look at those strange glasses!" Her cheeks burned hotter than her fever had. Her ears drooped as she stared at the floor, wishing she could disappear.

Suddenly, a noise came. A boy jumped out of a locker, his orange sweatshirt lumpy with foam padding, a green beanie sprouting felt leaves. Everyone turned. There stood Hugo, a shy boy from her science class, wearing a bright orange T-shirt stuffed with pillows. He had a green paper hat shaped like carrot leaves and brown boots. He looked like a carrot.

注意：

(1)续写词数应为150左右；

(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1: He adjusted his crooked gold-painted glasses and smiled.

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Paragraph 2: More and more kids followed, joining the running.

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（1）学习急救的重要性；

（2）课程内容与安排（时间、地点、形式等）；

（3）呼吁同学们报名参加。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答；

（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear fellow students,

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The English Club

Qingxu County in Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, has been major production area for aged vinegar since ancient times. The aged vinegar made there (carry) by Shanxi merchants during the Ming and Qing dynasties and was known far and wide. The production process, (date) back more than 3,000 years, must go through at least five steps. The newly-made vinegar has a light colour, but as the years go by, it becomes thicker and darker. The aging process lasts at least one year, which is the name "aged vinegar" comes from.

To this day, the work is still mostly done by hand. Inside a local workshop in Qingxu, which is built in ancient style, workers (dress) in Ming Dynasty clothing are busy performing traditional vinegar brewing tasks. "They are not actors, real workers," says Mr Zhang, manager of the workshop.

In addition, to meet high standards, new (equip) and techniques have been added to the production process. "In the past, the production relied (primitive) on traditional fermentation (发酵) techniques. However, nowadays, both fermentation and smoking tasks can be achieved human help. We even use 5G technology for digital control," Mr Zhang adds, "While the vinegar is fermented by machine, it still goes through the traditional aging process, so its taste remains (change)."

As time passed, I discovered that I wasn't3; in fact, many of my friends had gone through similar experiences. We shared stories. They offered advice and I4 on them for strength.

In April, things got worse. My mother's usual lively personality had5. She took me for a long drive and told me her condition had6. The cancer had spread throughout her body. My world came7 down.

Grieving someone while they're still alive is a unique kind of8 that I wouldn't wish upon anyone. It felt like a constant battle between grasping at hope and getting ready for the9.

After a while, I began to get tired of the emotional10 I was on, so I looked for moments of joy. I focused on spending time with my mother and getting out and about. Slowly, I began to feel like my11 self again, but stronger and tougher.

It's now been more than a year since my mom first found out she had cancer, and it brings me great12 to say that she is doing incredibly well and is now almost cancer-free.

This experience has shown me just how13 life is. Now I wake up every day and14 the sunshine just a little more—now, when I say goodbye to my mom before school, I hug her for just a little15. Every moment is a gift.

Pick the right book.

We all have our preferences when it comes to contemporary reads, so why shouldn't the same be the case for pieces of classic literature?

Listen to an audiobook.

Plenty of classic books were designed specifically for this purpose. A good audiobook narrator can capture the feel of not only the story but the context and history behind it depending on their tone of voice and delivery.

Read slower.

Contemporary books can feel rapid at times, while classic works are much more of a marathon to get through. This is partly because, during their initial publishing, many classic books were serialized, Instead of trying to race through a piece of classic literature, try to "go local" and take your time with it, as the author intended.

Join online forums or book clubs — discussing Jane Eyre's feminism (女权主义) with others deepens insights. Create character maps — Russian novels like War and Peace demand tracking complex relationships. Watch film adaptations, like BBC's Sherlock, to visualize settings before revisiting the text.

​​​​​​​A. Create mind maps.

B. Build support systems.

C. meaning readers had to wait weeks to progress.

D. requiring readers to submit their interesting stories.

E. Maybe you're eager to tackle classics but don't know how to start.

F. One of the best ways to immerse in a story is hearing it read aloud.

G. Think about genres you enjoy and pick a story that suits your interests.

One way to create desirable difficulties for complex material is to explain the information back to yourself. Quite a bit of research suggests that people who routinely explain complex material to themselves learn better than those who don't.

If explaining complex material to yourself is so effective for learning, then why doesn't everyone do it? This issue was explored in a 2025 paper in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General by Stav Atir and Jane Risen.

Their studies exposed people to information about a complex topic, such as how GPS works. In general, they find that people who explain the material they have seen back to themselves do better on a later test of knowledge than those who just review their notes.

In several studies, participants are exposed to the material and then are asked what method they would prefer to use to study this material for a later test. They can choose to explain the information back to themselves or to review their notes. The better participants believe that they already understand the material, the more likely they are to state that they prefer to explain the information back to themselves rather than reviewing their notes.

This finding suggests that people are concerned that the explanation task will be difficult and that they will not enjoy doing it. This is particularly true when people have a feeling that they do not understand the material that well. One study in this series later randomly assigned people to the two methods. Even people who stated they did not want to explain the material back to themselves did better on the test when they did give this explanation rather than just reviewing the material.