相关试卷

  • 1、阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。

    In a new school filled with unfamiliar faces, Charlie felt like a fish out of water. The lively chatter of students around him only fueled his loneliness. Every day, he walked through the hallways feeling invisible and trapped in uncertainty. To escape this loneliness, Charlie turned to video games, where he became a hero battling monsters and saving kingdoms. In this digital world, he felt powerful and important, unlike his quiet life at school.

    Ms. Rita, his literature teacher, noticed the quiet boy at the back of the classroom, often lost in his thoughts. She had a gift for connecting with her students, always offering kind words or warm smiles. Although she encouraged Charlie to share his feelings, he hid his struggles, preferring the company of imaginary friends in his games, where he found the appreciation that was missing in his real life.

    Recently, Charlie became hooked on a new game. One Sunday evening, he immersed himself in its colorful world, ignoring his mother's reminders to sleep. Excited by his adventures, he remained awake, thinking about strategies, which left him anxious and tired for school.

    The next day, unable to resist the temptation, Charlie secretly packed his gaming machine in his backpack. In Ms. Rita's class, his heart raced, not from the lesson on poetry, but from the thought of playing during breaks. While other students engaged in discussions about finding something valuable in life, Charlie's mind was focused on the game hidden in his bag.

    When the discussion opened up, he took the chance to peek at his gaming machine. As he powered it on, the screen flashed with new quests, and he lost track of his surroundings. Unfortunately, just as he was concentrating, the gaming machine slipped from his hands and crashed to the floor with a loud sound. Silence enveloped the classroom, and all eyes turned towards him, the weight of anxiety and tension heavy in the air.

    注意:

    1.续写词数应为150个左右;

    2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    Paragraph 1

    However, Ms. Rita picked up the fallen gaming machine with her usual warm smile.

    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    Paragraph 2

    Grateful while guilty, Charlie approached Ms. Rita's office after school.

    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  • 2、AI会助力英语学习,还是会导致学习能力退化?英语课上,老师就此话题让大家谈谈自己的观点。请你写一篇发言稿,内容包括:

    1. 你的观点;

    2. 你的理由。

    注意:

    1. 写作词数应为80个左右;

    2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

    ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

  • 3、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Attracting widespread attention, China's animated hit Ne Zha 2, (motivate) audience to visit museums nationwide in search of its sources of historical (inspire) since its release during Spring Festival this year.

    At the Hebei Museum in Shijiazhuang, crowds gather around a 2,000-year-old gilt-bronze incense burner (镀金青铜香炉), known as the Boshan burner, which (believe) to have inspired the design of the seven-colored lotus, a multilayered lotus root that reconstructs the(body) of the main characters, Ne Zha and Ao Bing, in the movie. Fans have also found similarities between some (historical) accurate movie elements and museum collections, such as the dragon king Ao Guang's sword which is similar to a Shang Dynasty weapon in the Yinxu Museum in Henan province. sword of Ne Zha's mother, Lady Yin, looks like the 2,500-year-old sword of the legendary King Goujian in the Hubei Provincial Museum. Another typical example is the barrier beasts, funny figures serving as guardians, designs are thought to be inspired by ancient relics (house) at the Sanxingdui Museum.

    In this legendary animation, numerous treasures of ancient cultural relics are brought life. Through cinematic reinterpretation, their historical significance, cultural essence and contemporary value become more (access) to the public, which helps further inherit and promote fine traditional Chinese culture.

  • 4、When Paul Cotter's father, Richard Cotter, was 52, he was fired by his company, for which he had been working for more than 30 years.1, the reason was his Alzheimer's disease.

    But few people knew about his2 then. Therefore, although Richard was known for his sharp mind before, everyone3 his decline was because of his inability and lack of confidence, which made him very4.

    For the next few years, Richard lost job after job. Then, when he was 58, he was formally diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. But he still wanted to5.

    That's where their unsung hero stepped in. It was an engineering company. When Richard applied for the job, he6 the truth about his disease. But it still7 him.

    "They gave him a paycheck, which made him feel8," Paul said. "But more importantly, they gave him9 and a sense of purpose when his life was10."

    The disease continued to11. Eventually, Richard was no longer12 to work. The company said that with deep regret, it had to let Richard go. On his final day of work, his colleagues even held a goodbye party to thank him for his13.

    "What a14 gesture that was," Paul said.

    He still talks about the company's compassion (同情) for his father. He wishes he could tell them how much their15 and generosity have meant to his family, all these years later.

    (1)
    A 、Sadly B 、Strangely C 、Interestingly D 、Fortunately
    (2)
    A 、disability B 、disease C 、disaster D 、accident
    (3)
    A 、declared B 、assumed C 、denied D 、remembered
    (4)
    A 、embarrassed B 、shocked C 、depressed D 、scared
    (5)
    A 、rest B 、recover C 、live D 、work
    (6)
    A 、forgot B 、accepted C 、hid D 、admitted
    (7)
    A 、hired B 、comforted C 、investigated D 、criticized
    (8)
    A 、stressed B 、confused C 、valued D 、amused
    (9)
    A 、respect B 、advice C 、permission D 、approval
    (10)
    A 、taking off B 、going on C 、flying by D 、falling apart
    (11)
    A 、strike B 、progress C 、spread D 、appear
    (12)
    A 、willing B 、ready C 、able D 、likely
    (13)
    A 、post B 、encouragement C 、donation D 、service
    (14)
    A 、beautiful B 、funny C 、unique D 、dramatic
    (15)
    A 、wisdom B 、courage C 、kindness D 、commitment
  • 5、Have you ever eaten so fast that you get hiccups (打嗝) or bite your tongue? Yeah, I've done it.

    . That means using your senses to actually enjoy the food and taking the time to "express gratitude for your meal," says Lilian Cheung, an expert in public health from Harvard University. She also stresses that mindful eating is not only good for digestion, but allows us to become more aware of the food we have.

    So how to eat more mindfully?

    Firstly, remove all distractions while you eat — including your cell phone. They can affect your ability to enjoy your food. "," says Cheung. "Make sure your cell phone is face down and you're not going to be responding to any messages then."

    See if you can extend your mealtime to 20 minutes. We often find ourselves eating while doing something else. . When you sit down to eat, spend about 20 minutes doing so. Your body needs that time to get the signal to the brain that you are full.

    You can also buy time by noticing the little details about your food. For example, take a moment to notice the texture of the bread, the taste of the fillings, and the pleasant smell that rises from your meal. .

    Actually chew. If you're wolfing down your food, you're probably not chewing it. And chewing is an important part of digestion, says Cheung. . Look at each bite before putting it into your mouth, acknowledge what you're eating and just chew, chew, chew.

    A. Avoid talking about the food

    B. Set aside time to eat and only eat

    C. Mindful eating is beneficial to us all

    D. That can make us eat faster than we normally would

    E. It helps break up the food to make it more easily absorbable

    F. To slow down the pace, you'll need to practice mindful eating

    G. This will surely help you slow down and fully appreciate your food

  • 6、A remarkable development in electronic skin(e-skin)technology may change how humans interact with digital devices. Researchers at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf have created a super thin, transparent e-skin which can precisely detect and track magnetic fields, opening possibilities ranging from underwater smartphone operation to enhanced virtual reality experiences.

    Traditional e-skins, while innovative, have been limited by their dependence on multiple sensors and large power sources. "Previous designs were like smartphone touchscreens with countless individual sensors," explained Dr. Denys Makarov, lead researcher at the Institute of Ion Beam Physics. "Our major breakthrough was developing a whole system that imitates how human skin actually works. This is mainly what sets it apart from previous e-skins."

    The new e-skin consists of a remarkably thin membrane (膜), which is both flexible and breathable. Unlike earlier versions that could cause discomfort to real skin, this design allows air and moisture to pass through, making it comfortable to wear. The key innovation is a magnetosensitive functional layer that serves as a single, continuous sensor surface.

    Pavlo Makushko, the study's first author, compares the technology to human biology, "Just as our skin sends all touch signals through nerves to the brain, our e-skin uses one central processor to interpret magnetic signals across its entire surface." This efficient design significantly reduces energy consumption compared to conventional e-skins.

    The research team adapted principles from medical tomography (影像) to achieve unheard-of precision in locating magnetic signals. This approach overcame previous limitations in sensitivity that had prevented similar developments.

    Looking ahead, the researchers imagine this technology bridging the gap between human and machine interaction. "It creates a completely new communication channel," Makarov noted, emphasizing how the e-skin's magnetic sensing avoids disturbance from other electronics. As development continues, we may soon see this innovative e-skin integrated into everything from wearable tech to advanced robotics.

    (1)、What can be inferred about the new e-skin in paragraph 1?
    A、It offers better functionality. B、It has limited market prospects. C、It is restricted to specific applications. D、It relies heavily on external power sources.
    (2)、How is the new e-skin mainly different from previous ones?
    A、It's more inflexible. B、It's more complicated. C、It's more life-like. D、It's more power-hungry.
    (3)、What are paragraph 3 and paragraph 4 mainly about?
    A、The changes of the new e-skin. B、The features of the new e-skin. C、The promotion of the new e-skin. D、The manufacturing of the new e-skin.
    (4)、What is Makarov's attitude towards the future of the new e-skin?
    A、Cautious. B、Neutral. C、Optimistic. D、Critical.
  • 7、NASA's Perseverance rover (火星车) continues its pioneering exploration of Mars' Jezero Crater, collecting rock samples that may fundamentally change our understanding of the Red Planet and the potential for life outside the earth. Since landing in 2021, the car-sized rover has been carefully documenting Mars' geology while gathering sealed samples for eventual return to Earth.

    Scientists believe Mars was once a mild world with flowing water and a protective magnetic field (磁场), which was suitable for the survival of living things. "Around three billion years ago, something disastrous happened," explains Ken Farley, Perseverance's project scientist. "The planet's magnetic field disappeared, solar wind took away the atmosphere forcefully, and Mars became the uninhabitable world we see today."

    Perseverance's primary mission is to search for signs of ancient tiny living organisms. The rover is equipped with precise instruments to analyze rocks and soil, but its most important task is collecting pure and undamaged samples for detailed study on Earth. "Each sample tube we fill could hold answers to questions about Martian history and whether life ever existed there," says Meenakshi Wadhwa, lead scientist for the Mars Sample Return program.

    In June 2024, NASA's Curiosity rover discovered yellow sulfur crystals — an exciting find. However, only Perseverance can collect samples for return to Earth, making its mission uniquely valuable.

    The ambitious Mars Sample Return program, a cooperation between NASA and ESA, aims to retrieve these samples by the early 2030s. The process involves multiple spacecraft working in sequence to launch the samples from Mars' surface and safely deliver them to Earth. Once here, scientists worldwide will study them using advanced laboratory techniques unavailable on the rover itself.

    "These samples may hold clues not just about Mars, but about how planets evolve and how life begins," Wadhwa emphasizes. As Perseverance continues its journey across the Martian landscape, each new discovery brings humanity closer to answering one of our most profound questions: Are we alone in the universe?

    (1)、What was Mars like before the disaster?
    A、Dry. B、Noisy. C、Freezing. D、Inhabitable.
    (2)、What is the main mission of NASA's Perseverance rover?
    A、To seek evidence of early life signs on Mars. B、To test new spacecraft landing technologies. C、To study the Martian atmosphere composition. D、To document the Martian surface temperature.
    (3)、What does the underlined word "retrieve" in paragraph 5 probably mean?
    A、Look into. B、Get back. C、Set aside. D、Pay off.
    (4)、What is the follow-up research most likely to focus on?
    A、New instruments for other missions. B、Deep analyses of the Mars' samples. C、Test methods for restoring magnetic field. D、Spacecraft designs for longer space travel.
  • 8、The winner of this year's Pritzker Architecture Prize, announced on Tuesday, is Liu Jiakun. The prize, established in 1979, is commonly regarded as "the Nobel Prize of architecture."

    Liu Jiakun was born in 1956. His architectural adventure started, playing in the corridors of the large brick hospital where his mother worked as a doctor. "From the rooftop, I could see the whole city," Liu recalled in an interview, describing how these early experiences shaped his perspective on urban spaces and community life. After graduating in 1982, Liu's career took a special path. While working for a state-owned architecture firm in Tibet, he also developed a strong passion for writing. "I had two identities then," he explained. "By day I was an architect, by night a writer." This creative life would later profoundly influence his architectural philosophy.

    Liu's designs skillfully combine traditional Chinese elements with modern functionality. His West Village commercial complex in Chengdu(2015)is a typical example of this approach, transforming an entire city block into a lively public space with buildings, bike paths and pedestrian walkways that reexplain traditional Chinese urban planning for modern needs.

    The Pritzker judges particularly praised Liu's"respect for culture, history and nature."Remarkable projects include the Novartis Pharmaceutical Building in Shanghai, which features dramatic balconies inspired by ancient Chinese architecture, and the Luyeyuan Stone Sculpture Art Museum, evoking(唤醒)the peace of classical Chinese gardens.

    Perhaps Liu's most painful creation is his"rebirth brick" project following the deadly 2008 Sichuan earthquake. Using straw and stones from the fallen buildings, Liu developed these special bricks to help rebuild communities. "Each brick carries history," he said, highlighting how architecture can represent both memory and restoration.

    In his Pritzker statement, Liu described his design philosophy in a poetic way, "I dream to be like water — adapting to each place's unique qualities while gradually solidifying into architecture that honors both tradition and innovation."

    (1)、What is Liu Jiakun's most likely view of his childhood?
    A、A source of inspiration. B、A burden of his growth. C、A stage of academic achievement. D、A period of artistic exploration.
    (2)、Which words can best describe Liu Jiakun's architectural style?
    A、Modern but ordinary. B、Expensive but functional. C、Simple and impractical. D、Traditional and innovative.
    (3)、Why is the "rebirth brick" project mentioned in paragraph 5?
    A、To highlight Liu's mixed feelings. B、To introduce a new type of brick. C、To illustrate Liu's design concept. D、To evaluate local construction materials.
    (4)、What is the best title for the text?
    A、The Pritzker Prize Honors a New Wave of Architecture B、Chinese Architect Liu Jiakun Wins the 2025 Pritzker Prize C、Creativity in Architecture Leads to Global Recognition in Design D、Traditional Chinese Elements Are Transforming Modern Architecture
  • 9、Forest Conservation Volunteer Program

    Program Introduction

    Join us in the Forest Conservation Volunteer Program and play a crucial role in protecting our precious forests! Our program focuses on activities like tree-planting, invasive species removal, and forest trail maintenance. By participating, you'll contribute directly to enhancing the forest ecosystem, safeguarding wildlife habitats, and promoting sustainable forestry.

    Group Arrangements

    Groups of five or more need to make special arrangements and should confirm their participation in advance. Please check the List of Available Projects on our official website [www.foresetnbt.com] and fill out the Group Project Request Form.

    Age, Skills & What to Bring

    Volunteers aged 12 and over are welcome. For those under 16, please read our Youth Policy Guidelines carefully.

    When coming for the volunteer activities, bring a completed Volunteer Agreement Form. If you're under 18, the parent/ guardian approval section must be signed.

    We'll carry out activities regardless of the weather. So, wear clothes that can get dirty. Prepare layers for changing weather conditions and bring a raincoat if necessary. Also, don't forget to bring a personal water bottle, sunscreen, and lunch.

    No prior experience is required. We'll provide training and all the necessary tools. This program can fulfill your community service requirements.

    Upeoming Events

    Time

    Meeting Location

    Saturday, July 139:00 am — 12:30 pm

    Oak Forest Entrance

    Sunday, July 21 10:00 am — 1:30 pm

    Pine Valley Trailhead

    Saturday, July 279:30 am — 1:30 pm

    Maple Woods Parking Lot

    (1)、If a group of six students want to join the program, what should they do?
    A、Contact the organizer one month in advance. B、Show up at the meeting location immediately. C、Fill out the Group Project Request Form online. D、Confirm participation by emailing personal information.
    (2)、What is the minimum age for volunteers in this program?
    A、12. B、14. C、16. D、18.
    (3)、Where is the text most probably taken from?
    A、A scientific journal. B、A school newsletter. C、A travel brochure. D、A local community notice.
  • 10、 听材料,回答问题。
    (1)、Where is the speaker's city located?
    A、By the lake. B、On the coast. C、In the valley.
    (2)、What do the numbers on the signs stand for?
    A、The duration of flooding. B、The rise in air temperature. C、The height above sea level.
    (3)、What does the success of the project indicate?
    A、Art can make a difference. B、The homeowners are creative. C、Climate change is controllable.
  • 11、 听材料,回答问题。
    (1)、Who is Cathy?
    A、A radio host. B、A government official. C、A school teacher.
    (2)、What can the visiting adults do in the school?
    A、Give speeches. B、Observe classes. C、Organize activities.
    (3)、How can the students benefit from the school program?
    A、Earn extra credits. B、Find job opportunities. C、Learn about adults' life.
    (4)、What is the goal of the school program?
    A、To improve student-teacher relationship. B、To promote the idea of work-life balance. C、To enhance school-community interaction.
  • 12、 听材料,回答问题。
    (1)、What does the woman say about news programs?
    A、They are replaced by documentaries. B、They have been reduced in number. C、They focus on the life of celebrities.
    (2)、What is the man's attitude toward reality shows?
    A、Favorable. B、Critical. C、Uncertain.
    (3)、What does the woman expect TV programs to be?
    A、Educational. B、Diverse. C、Entertaining.
  • 13、 听材料,回答问题。
    (1)、What is the relationship between the speakers?
    A、Fellow workers. B、Former schoolmates. C、Family relatives.
    (2)、Who will Grace have dinner with?
    A、Fiona. B、Jennifer. C、David.
    (3)、What is Kevin going to do next?
    A、Buy a drink. B、Play basketball. C、Greet a friend.
  • 14、 听材料,回答问题。
    (1)、What did the woman do?
    A、She went over the speed limit. B、She parked in a school zone. C、She drove through a red light.
    (2)、What time does school finish on Wednesdays?
    A、At 2:00 pm. B、At 2:30 pm. C、At 3:30 pm.
  • 15、 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
    (1)、What will the man do next?
    A、Unpack his suitcase. B、Board a flight. C、Fill out a form.
    (2)、What does Sarah plan to do after graduation?
    A、Do volunteer work. B、Pursue a higher degree. C、Run the family business.
    (3)、What are the speakers talking about?
    A、Buying a car. B、Moving house. C、Fixing the window.
    (4)、What does the woman think of the ski area?
    A、It's a bit crowded. B、It has poor snow. C、It's too far away.
    (5)、Where are the speakers heading?
    A、The Art Centre. B、The Grand Theatre. C、The Stone Bridge.
  • 16、假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Jim所在的学校正在征集"智慧校园(Smart School)"方案。他打算参与这项活动,来信询问你对该方案的建议。请你给Jim回信,内容包括:

    1. 你的建议;

    2. 说明理由。

    注意:1. 写作词数应为80左右;

    2. 可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

    Dear Jim,

    I'm thrilled to receive your letter and eager to share with you my ideas for a smart school plan.

    ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

    Yours,

    Li Hua

  • 17、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

    Body language is important in our interactions with other people. It gives us information about their feelings.

    Just like spoken language, body language (vary) from culture to culture. It is crucial that we use body language in a way is appropriate to the culture we are in. For example, making eye contact is a way to display interest in some countries. In other countries, by contrast, eye contact is not always approved.

    The gesture for "OK" has different meanings in different countries. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person (employ) the gesture might think it means money. In France, the same gesture means zero. Even the gesture (use) for "yes" and "no" by us differ around the world. In many countries, shaking one's head means "no", and nodding means "yes". By (compare), in Bulgaria and (south) Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.

    Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. good way of saying "I'm full" is moving your hand in (circle) around your stomach after a meal. Some body language has many different uses. Perhaps the (good) example is smiling, which can help us greatly in many ways.

  • 18、My cat Boom was getting more fleas (跳蚤). On closer1, his skin was red and swollen (肿胀的). So, I called the vet's office and made a(n)2 to get Boom some help.

    That morning, I started to get him into his carrier to take him to the vet. As with most cats, this task usually took a lot of time and effort to3. To my surprise, Boom didn't4 much resistance (抵抗). Initially, I linked this5 directly to the severity of the flea-caused suffering. Looking back, I'd like to believe it all part of a bigger6.

    Upon arrival at the vet, the vet immediately examined him and7 that he was allergic (过敏的) to the saliva (唾液) of flea bites. I was given some medicine and all seemed right.

    Suddenly, my phone8 urgently (急切地) with an incoming call, and to my shock, it was the police on the line,9 me of a fire at my house. I hurried home only to see some furniture10 across the room by the force of an explosion (爆炸). A firefighter explained what he believed had happened, including the11 of the event. It turned out the fire started in old wires. He was convinced that if I had been at home, I'd have had little chance of12.

    His words13 a surge of feelings within me. According to the timeline the firefighter told me, the fire started14 after Boom and I went to the vet together. Had it not been for his rare cooperation, I'd have been trapped. And if he hadn't had an allergy to flea bites, we wouldn't have gone to the vet. So, I15 my life to those tiny, unwanted fleas.

    (1)
    A 、attention B 、observation C 、appreciation D 、consideration
    (2)
    A 、appointment B 、schedule C 、decision D 、difference
    (3)
    A 、evaluate B 、design C 、accompany D 、achieve
    (4)
    A 、take up B 、put up C 、take on D 、put on
    (5)
    A 、cooperation B 、fight C 、struggle D 、harmony
    (6)
    A 、victory B 、ambition C 、plan D 、trap
    (7)
    A 、included B 、accepted C 、complained D 、concluded
    (8)
    A 、vibrated B 、burst C 、reported D 、unlocked
    (9)
    A 、accusing B 、reminding C 、informing D 、warning
    (10)
    A 、knocked B 、lifted C 、accelerated D 、blown
    (11)
    A 、intensity B 、timeline C 、consequence D 、impact
    (12)
    A 、promotion B 、success C 、survival D 、death
    (13)
    A 、sparked B 、reduced C 、contained D 、weakened
    (14)
    A 、constantly B 、accordingly C 、long D 、shortly
    (15)
    A 、devoted B 、sacrificed C 、owed D 、enhanced
  • 19、Living with other people can be tough, especially when each person comes from a different background and has their own ideas about how they want to live. Though having a roommate can be challenging at times, it can also be enjoyable and fun.

    You can discuss your expectations ahead of time. Get together before or on the first day you move in together and talk about what each of you needs and wants from the other. This applies to finances, food, clothes, possessions, use of common areas and so on.

    You should agree to respect each other's privacy. This is especially significant. For instance, you may not mind if your roommate comes into your room unannounced, but they might find you to be very rude for doing so. You should talk about these kinds of things so that you know what to expect from each other.

    Say hello and goodbye, ask them how their day was, and show interest in their life. Getting to know the person you live with helps you understand their perspective, and allows them to understand yours. It also makes it easier to deal with problems that you have with that person if you've already developed a harmonious relationship with them.

    You can also be considerate of your roommate in your life. Understand what's going on in your roommate's life. You should aim to be flexible and accommodating. Your roommate may have a big test coming up. If your roommate is busy and stressed with their job, give them some time and space to relax and unwind.

    A. You can spend time with your roommate.

    B. You can discuss each of your preferences for privacy.

    C. This is your best chance to set boundaries with your roommate.

    D. Make sure that everyone is clear on the rules and responsibilities.

    E. This is what you should know to respect your roommate's privacy.

    F. Then in this case you should probably be quiet and let them study.

    G. The following steps will help you live in harmony with your roommate.

  • 20、Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite chuckle to an infectious howl of amusement. Scientists are now developing an AI system that can copy various forms of laughter accurately. The team behind the laughing robot, Erica, say that the system could improve natural conversations between people and AI systems.

    Dr. Koji Inoue, lead author of the research from Kyoto University, highlights empathy (共情) as a crucial aspect of conversational AI, suggesting laughter sharing as a means for robots to connect with users. To achieve this, Inoue and his team gathered data from over 80 speed-dating dialogues between male students and Erica, initially operated by amateur actors.

    Dialogue data labeled for individual, social, and joyful laughter was used to train an AI system to identify and produce fitting laughter responses. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned their subtle differences, aiming to imitate social laughs subtly and hearty laughs empathetically.

    "Our biggest challenge in this work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter," explained Inoue, emphasizing the need for careful categorization. Erica's "sense of humor" was tested with four dialogues, integrating the new shared-laughter algorithm. These were compared to cases where Erica didn't laugh or emitted social laughs upon detecting laughter.

    The clips were played to 130 volunteers who rated the shared-laughter algorithm highly for empathy and naturalness. The team believed laughter could imbue robots with unique character traits, including conversational behaviors like laughter, eye gaze, gestures, and speaking style. However, Inoue acknowledged it could take over 20 years to have a "casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend."

    Professor Sandra Wachter, of the Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford, said, "One of the things I'd keep in mind is that a robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you. It doesn't understand the meaning of laughter. They fail to feel, but they might get very good at making you believe they understand what's going on."

    (1)、Why do scientists develop the AI system that can copy various forms of laughter?
    A、To make robots sound more human-like. B、To help robots understand human emotions better. C、To enable robots to have a sense of humor like humans. D、To enhance the emotional interaction between people and AI systems.
    (2)、What was the challenge Inoue faced while working on this project?
    A、Creating an algorithm that can genuinely feel amusement. B、Identifying the situations where laughter is truly understood. C、Distinguishing between different types of laughter accurately. D、Collecting sufficient data for training the machine learning system.
    (3)、What does the underlined word "imbue" mean in Paragraph 5?
    A、Equip. B、Inspire. C、Engage. D、Influence.
    (4)、What is Professor Sandra Wachter's view on laughing robots?
    A、They are not capable of capturing human laughter. B、They can imitate laughter but lack thorough comprehension. C、It is possible for them to play tricks on humans occasionally. D、It will take long before humans have comfortable conversations with them.
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