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Norman Lear, a genius producer and screenwriter, passed away on Tuesday in Los Angeles at the age of 101. "Lear's hit comedy shows changed television forever, " said Darnel Hunt, a leading artist on TV. 

Lear grew up in an ordinary family in Connecticut, where an unexpected accident brought about his father's business collapse. So he had to drop out of college and joined the army. In his late 20s, he moved to Los Angeles where he struggled hard for several years, selling furniture door to door. Later on, unsatisfied with his life, he eventually turned to writing for a nightclub comedy act. 

By 1971, when he was almost 50, Lear had produced and directed some shows, among which was the hit show All in the Family. In the beginning, it didn't get on the air smoothly. However, once it did, this show made it to the top-10 for eight of its nine seasons, promising Lear's life was to change. 

This successful show was just the beginning of Lear's dominating position in comedy shows. Then came The Jeffersons, about a family on its way up. It ran for eleven seasons, one of the longest running comedy shows on television, becoming another successful story. When interviewed about the hit of his shows, Lear said, "Our team read two or three newspapers a day, paid a lot of attention to our families, and came in to talk about everything that was affecting us in our daily lives. " Therefore, it came as no surprise that viewers had a sense of Lear's own family after watching All in the Family. 

"Routinely, Lear's shows might get fifty or sixty million viewers. He was in direct contact with the living rooms and families of the country, " says Marty Kaplan, founding director of the Norman Lear Center. "Lear did everything with humor and sympathy, "

South America has a long and interesting coastline. When it comes to beaches, there are some excellent options to be found across the continent. 

Sancho Beach

This beach is an amazing stretch of sand with peaceful waters. The clear waters are perfect for swimming but it is difficult to access. It can only be reached by boat or by climbing down the rocky hillsides on each end, so it isn't particularly good for younger children or people who are physically challenged. 

Vichayito Beach

Just a short distance from the waterfront town of Mancora, this lovely beach is often quiet and peaceful, offering some nice shallow water to swim in for little ones. A little further out, the waves pick up, making for fine surfing and windsurfing surroundings, while the charming village offers nice accommodation. 

Copacabana Beach

The cold water here means it isn't an ideal swimming location, but there are good spots for surfing and windsurfing. Various water activities make it a great beach. Visit early, especially in the busy tourist seasons, not only to avoid crowds, but also to gain admittance-visitors will be turned away once the park reaches peak capacity. 

Jericoacoara Beach

Located near the city center, this beach is very popular among surfers thanks to its great waves. It isn't too rough to swim for experienced swimmers, although a slightly rocky seafloor means you should be careful. With large crowds of people, the best time to visit is sunset-arrive early to get a good viewing spot. 

In a small village called Brightville, there lived three friends: Kimberley, John and  Alicia. They were all students at Brightville High School. Kimberley was a hardworking and determined girl; John was a curious and creative boy; and Alicia was a kind and helpful girl. They shared a common dream of achieving their goals through education. 

On a sunny day, the three friends gathered at their favorite spot near the village river. They often met there to discuss their dreams and motivate each other. Kimberley always emphasized(强调) the importance of studying and setting goals. John loved exploring new things and finding creative ways to learn. Alicia, with her caring nature, always supported and encouraged her friends. 

One day, they came across an old abandoned library in the heart of Brightville. The library was filled with dust-covered books. Kimberley saw this as an opportunity for their dreams to come true. She suggested turning the library into a learning center for the village. 

The three friends spent months cleaning, organizing and renewing the library. They reached out to the villagers, and soon, volunteers joined them to set up the learning center.  They created a friendly and welcome environment where students could come to study, read books, and seek help. 

Word about the learning center spread throughout the village. Students from all ages and backgrounds started attending. Kimberley, John and Alicia devoted their after-school hours to tutoring(指导) the students. They understood that education was not just about memorizing facts but also about nurturing curiosity and passion for learning. 

注意：1. 续写词数应为 150 左右;2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Dear Tom, 

Yours, 

Li Hua

The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year  24 solar terms. Winter Solstice(冬至) comes as the 22nd solar term of the year. On the first day of the Winter Solstice, the Northern Hemisphere experiences the  (short) day and the longest night in the year, as the sun shines directly at the Tropic of Capricorn(南回归线). From then on, the days become longer and the nights become shorter. The Winter Solstice also marks the (arrive) of the coldest season in the year. 

There was saying in ancient China, "The Winter Solstice is as important as the Spring Festival. " As early as the Zhou Dynasty, great events (hold) on the day of the Winter Solstice, was also considered the first day of the new year.

The Winter Solstice became a winter festival during the Han Dynasty. The celebratory activities were  (official) organized. On this day, both officials and ordinary people would have a rest. During the following dynasties, such as the Tang, Song and Qing dynasties, during the Winter Solstice, it was also common for people  (offer) sacrifices(祭品) to ancestors. 

In the winter, people suggest  (eat) an appropriate amount of nuts, such as peanuts, walnuts and chestnuts, which does good to one's body. Traditional Chinese medical science teaches people that most nuts help to  (strength) the brain and heart. During the Winter Solstice in North China, it is essential to eat dumplings. 

After bringing up three children, Barthorpe decided to do something for herself. She planned to 1  herself by learning to ride a motorcycle at the age of 

60. After passing her driving test, she soon 2  on her first solo(单独的) ride. She still remembered the 3 of being on the road alone for the first time. 

Although Barthorpe preferred riding solo, she contacted the Women's International Motorcycle Association (WIMA) in the hope of 4  it. It was the connect ion with the WIMA that led her to a(n) 5 —the Women Riders World Relay. The plan was to pass a baton(接力棒), rider to rider, all around the world. That was a test of the riders' courage and 6  . But just after Barthorpe took on the role, she 7  fell down and got injured. She spent several months in hospital. However, Barthorpe didn't see it as a 8 experience. She knew that she must pay much attention to 9  first. Getting on a motorcycle again was 10  , but Barthorpe took extra training and 11  a lot. And she pushed herself to take part in the race in Australia. Barthorpe then realized that it was normal to 12  and rise to it, which offered an opportunity to grow. 

What attracts Barthorpe most to a motorcycle is the 13 . "I can go anywhere I want and any time I like, " she said. "The kids said to me, ‘Mum, you seem to have turned into a14 teenager. ' I just told them, ‘No, I've just found the field where I can see my15 . '"

Benefits Of Cold Weather

There's no doubt about it—cold weather can be pretty unpleasant.  So if you're feeling down about the cold temperatures outside, read on for a few reasons to be happy about them!

It boosts your brain. Cold temperatures can excite your brain, allowing improved focus and greater clarity of thought. The cold climate increases oxygen flow to the brain. 

It increases brown fat content. Cold weather has the unique ability to increase the number of brown fat cells.  Not only do they help us stay comfortably warm in cold temperatures, but they may also even promote weight loss over time. 

 In cold weather, an even body temperature can be beneficial for a good night's rest. As our bodies try to keep warm when it's cold out, blood vessels get narrower and help control your sleep temperature for a more relaxed and restful sleep. People sleeping in colder environments generally wake up feeling more refreshed than those sleeping in warmer temperatures. 

It improves skin health.  Low temperatures force us to dress warmly against the cold, leading to protection against environmental aspects that would otherwise remove water from our skin. 

All in all, there are many benefits to spending time outside in cold weather! Next time you want to stay inside and avoid the cold, keep these benefits in mind and consider getting outside for a few minutes!

A. It helps you sleep. 

B. It raises health awareness. 

C. Thus, the central nervous system can perform at increased levels. 

D. Cold weather exposure is a helpful contribution to our well-being. 

E. They are important for controlling body temperature by producing heat. 

F. Cold weather can be good for keeping our skin looking and feeling healthy. 

G. While it makes us want to stay indoors, cold weather has some major benefits. 

Loss of slow-wave sleep as you age may increase your risk of developing dementia (痴呆), according to a new study. 

"We found that aging was associated with a decline in the amount of the deepest stages of sleep, known as slow-wave sleep. We then found that people with greater declines in slowwave sleep over time had a higher risk of getting dementia over the next 17 years of follow-up, " said Matthew Pase, senior author of the study.

Slow-wave sleep is the third and fourth stages of sleep, which is important for brain health. During this stage, the body removes unwanted or harmful materials from the brain. "For the brain, this deep sleep is thought to be the most restorative, " said Dr Richard Isaacson, who wasn't involved in the study.

The researchers wanted to know whether chronic(慢性的) reductions in slow-wave sleep over time are linked to dementia risk in humans and whether dementia-related processes in the brain may contribute to getting less of this type of sleep. They studied 346 people with an average age of 69 and completed two overnight sleep studies—one between 1995 and 1998 and the second between 1998 and 2001—during which their sleep was monitored. The researchers also investigated whether any change in the amount of slow-wave sleep that participants got was associated with developing dementia up to 17 years after they completed the sleep studies. By that time, 52 participants had been diagnosed with dementia. Each percentage decrease in slow-wave sleep per year was linked to a 27 percent increased risk of developing dementia. The rate of slow-wave sleep loss accelerated(加速) from age 60, peaked from ages 75 to 80and slowed afterwards. 

"This is an important study yet again showing the impact of quality of sleep on a person's risk of cognitive decline and dementia, " Isaacson said. "It's important to not only pay attention to the total amount of sleep a person gets each night, but also monitor sleep quality as best as possible. "

In the northernmost edge of Colombia sits the coastal town of Acandí. Access to the town is only by water or air; there is no road that leads there. The residents there are faced with the struggles of balancing livelihoods while protecting biodiversity. 

In the past, traditional community fishing methods, passed down by the elders, focused on the reasonable fishing and management of resources. However, the introduction of large-scale trawling vessels(拖网渔船) decades ago gradually depleted the area's fishing resources, leading to damage to marine(海洋的) life seriously. 

Jesús Antonio Julio Cuestas, who serves in the region's conservation and management of marine resources, stresses the bad impact of these developments and calls for new fishing techniques. "Fishing and conservation co-exist as long as we have good management practices and reasonable use of our fishing resources, " says Cuestas. He and other officials actively monitor fishing activities in Acandí. Each morning, they visit the fish markets to gather data on fishery resources—including prices and sizes—to monitor the state of the local fishing industry.

Along with Cuestas, the fishers work to reduce their impact on the marine ecosystem. By changing fishing methods and adopting new practices, they aim for a more balanced approach to fishing. "This year the local fishermen have not used the trawl net s that were causing the death of the leatherback sea turtles, " explains Cuestas proudly. Changes include the efforts of boats to protect the seagrass that serves as feeding grounds for marine life and an end to fishers throwing net s where turtles lay their eggs.

This marine reserve in Acandí, Cuestas believes, is their greatest treasure. He attaches great importance to working together with local residents to improve the quality of life while preserving the marine ecosystem. By doing so, he imagines a picture where individuals from the fishing community can pursue various careers, such as engineers or lawyers, proudly stating that they are the products of the fishing tradition in Acandí. 

Lots of kids like to talk about sports, but Joseph D'Avirro talks about sports like a professional host in a show called Sliders & Curveballs. The 9-year-old from Newington, Connecticut is a natural at sports talk and has been broadcasting the show—which is about baseball,basketball and other sports—with his dad, Mike D'Avirro, since September 2019.

The D'Avirro started the broadcast after two former college roommates of Mike died, which made Mike want to spend more time with his son. Then the idea came to him. So far, they have done about 50 programs. Joseph's favorite is when the father-and-son team interviewed Jim Calhoun, the coach leading the Connecticut Huskies to three national titles. They have also interviewed important sports authors.

The father and son make about one 30- to 40-minute podcast each month. They prepare for the podcasts by deciding on the questions they want to ask the guest. Joseph asks half of the questions, and Mike handles the other half. Joseph reads his questions again and again to get them in his brain well. It is a lot of work, but Joseph says it is "a lot more fun than homework". Joseph has also learned to speak up and speak clearly. He has to listen and to go with the flow of the conversation. For example, he said, "If the guest is talking about sports in the 1990s, you have to think about sports in the 1990s. "

When asked how long he and his dad will continue doing the show, he answered, "Until my dad starts growing gray hairs. " Joseph has other ambitions when he grows up—to be a sports player, a sports broadcaster or to own a basketball team. Those are big dreams, but Joseph is already living a dream: talking sports and spending time with his dad.